RESUMEN
Background: H1N1 or swine flu is a disease caused my influenza virus of family Orthomyxoviridae. Initial cases in India were seen in 2009 and ever since then it has been adding to the mortality rate over the years across various parts of the country. Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka, India, had several cases of H1N1. But despite the efforts, the magnitude is rising inconspicuously. Aim & Objective: Assessment of H1N1 cases throughout Dakshina Kannada district from Jan 2011 to August 2017. Objectives: To observe the disease trend, its factors and provide certain recommendations to control the disease and promote Health. Material & Methods:H1N1 cases notified to District surveillance unit from all the Health collaborated settings over a period of six years from January 2011 to August 2017 were assessed to measure the burden of the disease across different age groups and Gender. Result: The study revealed a considerable increase in H1N1 cases compared to previous years with peak during monsoon and difference in risk among the gender. Conclusion: Vaccination of Health professionals, High alert for travelers, Pregnant women and individuals with co-morbid conditions is essential. Control of disease transmission with early diagnosis, isolation and treatment, effective vaccination to high risk individuals will be helpful to reduce disease burden
RESUMEN
The paucity of published literature on periodontal treatment needs and services in developing countries has undermined the significance of periodontal disease burden on healthcare systems. This study analyses periodontal status and population treatment needs of Malaysians, and patterns of periodontal services provided at public sector dental clinics. A retrospective approach to secondary data analysis was employed. Data for population treatment needs were extracted from three decennial national oral health surveys for adults (1990, 2000 and 2010). Annual reports from the dental subsystem of the government Health Information Management System (HIMS) provided information on oral health care delivery for years 2006-2010. They were based on summaries of aggregated data; analyses were limited to reporting absolute numbers and frequency distributions. Periodontal disease prevalence declined between 1990 (92.8%) to 2000 (87.2%) but a sharp rise was observed in the 2010 survey (94.0%). The proportion of participants demonstrating periodontal pockets of 6 mm and more increased in 2010 survey after showing improvements in 2000. Individuals not requiring periodontal treatment (TN0) increased in proportion from 1990 to 2000, only to drop in 2010. An increase in utilisation was observed alongside a growing uptake of periodontal procedures (62.2% in 2006 to 73.6% in 2010). Only about 10% of treatment was surgeries. While the clinical burden of periodontal disease is observed to be substantial, the types of treatment provided did not reflect the increasing needs for complex periodontal treatment. Emphasis on downstream and multi-collaborative efforts of oral health care is deemed fit to contain the burden of periodontal disease.