Avaliação da cognição de idosos que consomem álcool / Assessing cognition in elderly who use alcohol

O consumo de álcool entre idosos pode estar associado a alterações importantes na cognição. Nesse sentido, esse estudo objetivou investigar o efeito do consumo atual de álcool na cognição em idosos neurologicamente preservados. A amostra contou com 174 idosos recrutados por conveniência, sendo divididos em dois grupos: 1) presença e 2) ausência de consumo atual de álcool. Os participantes responderam à ficha de dados sociodemográficos, o Miniexame do Estado Mental, Teste Wisconsin de Classificação de Cartas ­ versão de 64 cartas, subtestes da Escala Wechsler de Inteligência para Adultos, e à Escala de Depressão Geriátrica de 15 pontos. Na análise univariada, controlando-se o efeito da idade e da escolaridade, os idosos consumidores de álcool apresentaram pior desempenho, em comparação aos idosos que não fazem uso de álcool, no escore de Erros Perseverativos do WCST-64 (p = 0,044). Tais achados salientam a importância da investigação do tema em novos estudos.(AU)

Alcohol use relates to cognitive impairments. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of current alcohol consumption in the cognition of neurologically preserved elderly. The sample comprised 174 community elderly, recruited by convenience, distributed in two groups: 1) presence and 2) absence of current alcohol use. Participants responded the social demographic data sheet, the Mini Mental State Examination, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ­ 64 Card Version, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, third edition, subtests, and the 15-Item Geriatric Depression Scale. When controlling the effects of age and education in univariate analyses, elderly who had current alcohol use presented more Perseverative Errors inWCST-64 (p = 0.044). These findings highlight the relevance of investigating the topic in new studies.(AU)

Influence of drinking pattern and alcoholic fatty liver disease in coal miners / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the drinking pattern and the condition of alcoholic fatty liver disease in a certain coal mine workers in Shanxi Province.Methods A total of 1501 workers in a coal mine in Shanxi Province were surveyed by field investigation method.Contents include questionnaire, physical measurement, abdominal ultrasound liver and fasting blood glucose, blood lipid, liver function, cholesterol, blood biochemical indicator detection.ALD diagnostic criteria for fatty liver and alcoholic liver disease group were .recommended by the Chinese Medical Association in 2010.The t test,X2 test and multiariable logistic regression analysis were conducted by SPSS17.0 software.Results This study involved ALD patients with 265 people, accounting for 17.65％ of the total survey.The drinking pattern, such as drinking patterns in the initial drinking age,long duration of drinking, drinking frequency, drunkenness, fasting drinking, average daily alcohol intake as the risk factors of alcoholic liver disease.The Logistic regression analysis of alcoholic liver disease related factors showed that, drinking age, drinking way and daily average alcohol intake were closely related to the occurrence of ALD(OR=0.942,P=0.769;OR=2.811,P=0.000;OR=1.756,P=0.000;OR=542.844,P=0.001) .Conclusion In the coal mine workers, drinking pattern in the initial drinking age, drinking age, daily average alcohol intake are closely related to ALD illness.

A Cross-cultural Study of Alcoholism in Korean, Yanbian Korean-Chinese, and Yanbian Chinese Alcoholics / 신경정신의학

OBJECTIVES: In order to examine the sociocultural effects of drinking, the authors compared drinking patterns, acceptance levels toward drinking, and the threshold of permission towards drinking behavior in Korean, Yanbian Korean-Chinese, and Yanbian Chinese alcoholics. METHODS: 60 Korean, 100 Korean-Chinese, 98 Chinese male alcoholic inpatients were examined by questionnaire and interview. RESULTS: 1) Korean alcoholics were found to be older, less educated, in blue collar occupations, and least stable in their marital state. In comparison, Korean-Chinese and Chinese alcoholics were highly educated, in white collar occupations, and most stable in their marital state with Chinese alcoholics being the youngest. 2) The average amount of daily alcohol consumption and shortest duration was greatest among Korean, then Chinese, followed by Korean-Chinese alcoholics. It took a longer time for Korean alcoholics to try to quit drinking artier the initiation of heavy drinking than it did far Korean-Chinese or Chinese alcoholics. 3) In acceptance levels toward male drinking, there were no differences among the groups. 4) In acceptance levels toward female drinking, Koreas were more permissive than Chinese. However there was no difference between Koreans and Korean-Chinese toward female drinking. 5) In acceptance levels toward drinking by age, all the groups were most permissive toward 40 year old male and female, followed by 60 year old male old female, young male and female, and least permissive toward boy and girl. 6) In acceptance levels toward drinking by gender, all the groups were more permissive toward males drinking the females drinking. 7) Korean alcoholics had the highest threshold of displeasure for drinking behavior followed by Korean-Chinese and then Chinese alcoholics. CONCLUSION: Korean alcoholics had higher levels in all categories, namely in alcohol consumption, acceptance levels toward drinking, and threshold of displeasure for drinking behavior than other groups. The Chinese alcoholics contrarily had lower levels in all categories than others. It is the results of the Korean-Chinese alcoholics that draw the conclusion that despite having similarities to that of the Korean alcoholics in terms of sociological norms toward drinking, their drinking pattern reflects that of the Chinese alcoholics. Thus the differences in average amount of alcohol consumption, acceptance levels toward drinking, and threshold of displeasure for drinking behavior between Korean and Chinese alcoholics suggest that there are sociocultural effects of drinking.