Prevalence of cervical cancer in Ain Defla region (Algeria)

The high rate of cervical cancer in Algeria and the absence of organized screening programs are well shown in this study, which aims to determine the prevalence of cervical cancer and describe the risk factors associated with this alarming prevalence. This retrospective study is based on data collected from medical records and A questionnaire was developed to assess the risk factors (such as: parity, age at first marriage, smoking, oral contraceptive, and Hormonal status) of cervical cancer among the participants. Face to Face interview were conducted with the participants. The result obtained from this study revealed that cervical cancer occupies the fourth place of cancer in the Wilaya of Ain Defla (4,71 %); the results confirm the effect of several risk factors such as early marriage age (below 20 years: 46.66 %), multiparity (53.33%), menopause (66.66 %); taking contraception (53.33%) and smoking in the development of this pathology. The adoption of an early and annual screening program in our region would be very important to us. In addition, the interest of annual screening is to raise women's awareness of this pathology, particularly in isolated regions. (

First report of detection of IgA anti-Acanthamoeba antibodies among Saudi population and amoeba isolation from their surroundings

@#Acanthamoeba is an opportunistic protozoan pathogen which is found in diverse environment worldwide. Being ubiquitous nature of this amoeba we come across it in our daily life. Acanthamoeba species are recognized as human pathogens; that may cause blinding keratitis and rare but fatal granulomatous encephalitis involving central nervous system. To date, there is not a single report in literature demonstrating anti-Acanthamoeba antibodies among the Saudi population, and thus aim of the present study. Using ELISA, we identified the antibody level in the local population. Our results represent the secretory IgA antiAcanthamoeba in mucosal secretions from 133 individuals aged 15–60 years. The antiAcanthamoeba antibody prevalence rate was > 80%, and no considerable differences were observed between prevalence in males (80.28%) and that in females (80.64%). In addition, environmental sources (soil and water) from the environment of the participants in our study were evaluated for amoeba incidence. The amoeba was identified by morphological characteristics of cysts or trophozoites on non-nutrient agar plates grown with E. coli. Overall, 58.75% of samples from water and 32.85% of those from soil were culture positive for outgrowth of amoeba on non-nutrient agar plates. Furthermore, PCR was carried out with genus-specific primers to confirm the presence of Acanthamoeba DNA. Our results revealed that about 68% of cultures from water and 43% of those from soil were successfully amplified and proved to be amoeba DNA. Interestingly, a few samples yielded more than one product, which suggests that some other amoebic species may be present in the same sample (MAC-W1 and MADW1). To the best of our knowledge, we described for the first time the amoeba isolation from the participant’s close environment and antibodies level among Saudi population. Our future studies will be focused on additional molecular characterization of isolated amoeba and their pathogenic potential which could be a possible threat for the community.

Prevalencia de hipertensión pulmonar y factores asociados en adultos con insuficiencia mitral de una institución prestadora de servicios de salud de tercer nivel de la ciudad de Tunja / Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension and associated factors in adults with mitral regurgitation of a third level health services provider institution of Tunja city / Prevalência de hipertensão pulmonar e fatores associados em adultos com regurgitação mitral de uma instituição prestadora de serviços de saúde de terceiro nível na cidade de Tunja

Introducción. La hipertensión pulmonar es el aumento de la presión en las arterias pulmonares. Cuando la presión media en la arteria pulmonar sobrepasa los 25 mm Hg, se considera que existe hipertensión arterial pulmonar. Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia y los factores asociados de la hipertensión pulmonar en adultos con insuficiencia mitral. Métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de corte transversal que incluyó 676 pacientes mediante mues-treo no probabilístico de tipo censo, con diagnóstico de insuficiencia mitral comprobada mediante ecocardiografía, atendidos en un periodo de un año en una institución de tercer nivel de complejidad de Tunja. Se contó con autorización para el acceso y la revisión de las historias clínicas y los ecocar-diogramas. Resultados. La prevalencia de hipertensión pulmonar en pacientes con insuficiencia mitral fue de 42,9% El promedio de edad de los pacientes fue de 73,7 años y la proporción por sexo fue similar, con 50,7 % de mujeres y 49,3 % de hombres. Se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa de la variable enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica con la de hipertensión pulmonar (OR ajustada de 1,82) (IC95% 1,2-2,7) y con la de falla cardiaca (OR ajustada de 3,01) (IC95% 1,7-5,3). Conclusiones. En los pacientes con insuficiencia mitral, se encontró una alta prevalencia de hiper-tensión pulmonar, situación que, según elementos clínicos, puede empeorar su pronóstico. Se halló una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre hipertensión pulmonar, y enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y falla cardiaca.

Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension is the increase in the pressure of the pulmonary arteries. When the average pressure in the pulmonary artery exceeds 25 mm Hg, it is considered to be associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of pulmonary hypertension in adults with mitral insufficiency. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 676 patients with mitral insufficiency determined by echocar-diography performed in the one-year period in a third-level complexity institution of Tunja city was carried out. Access and review of clinical records and echocardiograms was authorized. A total of 676 patients was included using non-probabilistic sensorial type sampling. Results: A 42.9% prevalence of pulmonary hypertension was found in patients with mitral insuffi-ciency with a mean age of 73.7 years, the proportion of gender was similar, 50.7% in females and 49.3% in the male gender. A statistically significant association was found between chronic obstructi-ve pulmonary disease and pulmonary hypertension with an adjusted OR of 1.82 [95% CI: 1.24-2.66]; likewise, with heart failure with an adjusted OR of 3.01 [95% CI: 1.70-5.33]. Conclusions: A high prevalence of pulmonary hypertension was found in patients with mitral insu-fficiency, which according to clinical elements may worsen the prognosis of patients with this type of pathology. A statistically significant association was found in the population among pulmonary hypertension with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or heart failure

Introdução. Hipertensão pulmonar é o aumento da pressão nas artérias pulmonares. Quando a pressão média na artéria pulmonar excede 25 mm Hg, considera-se a presencia da hipertensão arterial pulmonar. Objetivo. Determinar a prevalência e fatores associados à hipertensão pulmonar em adultos com regurgitação mitral. Métodos. Foi levado a cabo um estudo transversal que incluiu 676 pacientes com amostragem não probabilística de tipo censo, com diagnóstico de regurgitação mitral comprovada por ecocardiografia, atendido em um período de um ano em uma instituição de complexidade de terceiro nível em Tunja. Houve autorização para acesso e revisão de prontuários e ecocardiogramas. Resultados. A prevalência de hipertensão pulmonar em pacientes com regurgitação mitral foi de 42,9%. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 73,7 anos e a proporção por sexo foi semelhante, com 50,7% das mulheres e 49,3% dos homens. Encontrou-se associação estatisticamente significativa entre a variável doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica e hipertensão pulmonar (OR ajustada de 1,82) (IC95% 1,2-2,7) e com insuficiência cardíaca (OR ajustada de 3,01). (IC95% 1,7-5,3). Conclusões. Nos pacientes com regurgitação mitral, foi encontrada alta prevalência de hipertensão pulmonar, situação que, segundo os elementos clínicos, pode piorar seu prognóstico. Uma associação estatisticamente significativa foi encontrada entre hipertensão pulmonar, doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica e insuficiência cardíaca.

Prevalência e gravidade da sibilância no primeiro ano de vida no município de Santo André / Prevalence and severity of wheezing in the first year of life in the city of Santo André, Brazil

Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência e a gravidade da sibilância no primeiro ano de vida em lactentes no município de Santo André. Métodos: Estudo transversal com aplicação de questionário escrito, padronizado e validado do estudo EISL (do espanhol: Estudio Internacional de Sibilancias en Lactantes) aos pais e/ou responsáveis por lactentes de 12 a 24 meses de idade, em unidades básicas de saúde, durante campanhas de vacinação em creches e escolas maternais. O questionário consiste de questões sobre características demográficas, presença de sibilância, infecções respiratórias e fatores de risco. Os dados obtidos foram analisados com o Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows, versão 20.0 (SPSS inc., Chicago, Il, EUA). A regressão logística foi aplicada para analisar as variáveis associadas à presença de sibilos recorrentes. Resultados: Do total de 1.028 lactentes estudados, 48,5% apresentaram um ou mais episódios de sibilância nos primeiros 12 meses de vida (sibilância alguma vez) e 23,9%, três ou mais episódios (sibilância recorrente). Sintomas noturnos, dificuldade intensa para respirar e visitas à emergência estiveram presentes em 67,3%, 42,4% e 60,7% dos lactentes, respectivamente, sendo que 19,4% foram hospitalizados e 11,0% tiveram diagnóstico médico de asma. O uso de β2-agonistas, corticoides inalatórios, corticoides orais e antagonistas do receptor de leucotrienos foram observados em 88,8%, 21,0%, 54,9% e 3,2% das crianças com sibilância, respectivamente. Uso de corticoide oral, percepção de falta de ar pelos pais, diagnóstico de asma, pneumonia e hospitalização por pneumonia foram mais frequentes entre os sibilantes recorrentes (p<0,001). Conclusões: No município...

Objective: To determine the prevalence and the severity of wheezing in the first year of life for infants who live in Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Cross sectional study with the administration of the Estudio Internacional de Sibilancias en Lactantes (EISL), which is a standardized and validated written questionnaire applied to parents and/or guardians of infants aged 12-24 months treated at primary health units, vaccination centers, day care centers, or kindergartens. The questionnaire consisted of questions regarding demographic characteristics, presence of wheezing, respiratory infections, and risk factors. Results were analyzed using the SPSS for Windows, 20.0 (SPSS Inc. - Chicago, Il, United States). Logistic regression was applied to verify variables associated to recurrent wheezing. Results: Among the 1,028 infants studied, 48.5% had one or more episodes of wheezing during the first 12 months of life (wheezing once), and 23.9% had three or more episodes (recurrent wheezing). Nocturnal symptoms, severe breathing difficulty, and visits to the emergency room were observed in 67.3%, 42.4%, and 60.7% of infants, respectively. Among the studied infants, 19.4% were hospitalized, and 11.0% had a medical diagnosis of asthma in the first year of life. Use of β2-agonists, inhaled corticosteroids, oral corticosteroids, and leukotriene receptor antagonists were observed in 88.8%, 21.0%, 54.9%, and 3.2% of children with wheezing, respectively. Use of oral corticosteroids, perception of breathlessness by parents, diagnosis of asthma, pneumonia, and hospitalization for pneumonia were more frequent among infants with recurrent wheezing (p<0.001). Conclusions: In the city of Santo André, approximately half of infants had at least one episode of wheezing in the first year of life, and almost 25% had recurrent wheezing. Wheezing disorders in Santo André have early onset and high morbidity...