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Objective To investigate the error monitoring function damages on the patients with schizo?phrenia ( SCH) . Methods A total of 32 patients with schizophrenia were compared with matched 34 health con?trols ( HC) on the error monitoring tasks which were compiled by E?Prime. Results The comparison between SCH group ((713.22±174.52)ms,( 491.14±170.29) ms,( 1060.31±130.84) ms,(8.28±12.55)time,( 8.00± 7.53)time respectively) and HC group ((560.73±156.94) ms,(395.62±188.03) ms,(989.85±104.33) ms, (2.97±4.13) times,(3.12±6.50) times) on the reaction time of choice,assessment,incongruent condition,the numbers of uncertain and the numbers of dropout were significant ( t=-3.737, P=0.000;t=-2.159, P=0.035;t=-2.426, P=0.018;t=-2.282, P=0.022;t=-2.824, P=0.006) . The SCH group and HC group did not signifi?cantly difference in Full Correct((124.72±23.74)/(131.74±21.96)times),Full Error((15.69±17.64)/(13.35± 18.63)times),Part Correct((6.83±10.40)/(4.21±7.03)times),Part Error((2.91±10.91)/(0.62±1.10)times) and Accuracy((0.831±0.161)/(0.874±0.159))(P>0.05).There was no significantly correlation among the course of disease,HAMA,HAMD and the error monitoring. Conclusion These results demonstrate that the error monitoring function damages on the patient with SCH may be involved in the dysfunction of anterior cingulate cortex.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the error monitoring and attention network in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods 33 OCD patients and 31 healthy subjects were tested with the error monitoring task and attention network test.ResultsThere wcrc significant differences between the patients with OCD and heath controls on Full Correct(FC),Full Error(FE),the numbers of uncertain,the numbers of dropout in the error monitoring task ( FC ( 121.03 ± 4.41 ) / ( 135.61 ± 3.28 ),FE ( 19.30 ± 3.69 ) / ( 9.45 ± 2.33 ),the numbets of uncertain( 8.27 ± 2.16) / ( 2.87 ± 0.70),the numbers of dropout ( 13.70 ± 2.60 ) / (4.26 ± 1.24 ) ) (P ＜0.05 ).In the attention network test,the comparison between the patients with OCD and healthy subjects on the RT of the alerting network was significant differences (P ＜ 0.05 ).There was a significant correlation between attention network and error monitoring.ConclusionThe impairment of the error monitoring as well as attention network in patients with OCD may be involved in the dysfunction of anterior cingulate cortex.
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Objective: To study the differences of activated brain areas during brain error monitoring in schizophrenia patients. Methods: The latencies and amplitudes of error related negativity (ERN) were obtained in 16 patients with first episode schizophrenia and 25 normal controls by high-density event related potential (ERP) technique, and the activated areas were analyzed by low resolution electromagnetic tomography (LORETA). Results: The correct response rate was significantly lower in the schizophrenia participant group than in the control group (P<0.01), and the reaction periods of correct responses and incorrect responses were significantly longer in the schizophrenia group than in the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The ERN latencies in the schizophrenic patients were significantly longer on Cz and Pz electrodes compared with those in the control subjects (P<0.05) and ERN amplitudes were significantly smaller than those in the controls (P<0.05). The activation of insula, superior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and inferior parietal lobule were obviously lower in the schizophrenic participants than in the controls. Conclusion: Some brain area, such as insular, may contribute to the dysfunction of error monitoring in schizophrenia patients.
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Error-related negativity (ERN) is a wave, called a component that occurs in an EEG recording when a person detects an error. More specifically, ERN is an average response that follows repeated stimuli that are interpreted by a person as incorrect. The typical protocol contrasts trials on which there are errors with trials without errors, and compares the average response of both types of trials. This paper describes factors that affect the magnitude of ERN introducing current research in which ERN has been studied in psychiatric patients including autism, schizophrenia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The purpose was to describe literature in which positive correlations have been reported between ERN magnitude and the variables of diagnosis, neuropsychological test data, and medication regimens. Differences in error monitoring as indexed by ERN across different psychiatric illnesses and its clinical implications are discussed in terms of neural processes and psychopharmacology.