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Medical Artificial Intelligence (AI) makes the traditional doctor-patient relationship present a new pattern, but also highlights many ethical problems: inability to protect the rights and interests of patients, weakening the main responsibility of medical personnel, weakening the practical ability of medical personnel, and challenging the main status of medical personnel, etc.. It is necessary to improve relevant laws, regulations and regulatory system, adhere to the main status of medical personnel, improve the public awareness and acceptance of medical AI, and strengthen the construction of ethical system of AI, so as to deal with the ethical anomie caused by intelligent medical treatment and promote the harmonious development of doctor-patient relationship. It is expected that through the combination of AI and professional ethics principles, AI will be brought into daily clinical practice responsibly, to provide patients with better medical services.
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Carrying out fieldwork in private infertility clinics poses its own specific set of challenges. Gaining access to these field sites not only obliges researchers to negotiate with gatekeepers but also to deal with structures of hierarchy and power. Based on my preliminary fieldwork in Lucknow city of Uttar Pradesh, I discuss the challenges of conducting fieldwork in infertility clinics and how methodological challenges push the researcher to question the academically established notions of the “field”, “fieldwork” and “research ethics”. The paper stresses the importance of discussing the challenges of doing fieldwork in private health setups and is an attempt to answer vital questions about the nature of fieldwork, how the fieldwork was conducted, and the need to include questions and dilemmas that anthropologists might face in the process of making decisions in the field.
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Cyborg technology aimed to repair or enhance various capabilities of human beings and brings infinite possibilities for the future and development of human beings. However, it has generated a series of ethical problems in the aspects of human nature change, responsibility attribution, equality and justice, autonomy and so on. In the face of these severe ethical challenges, it was necessary to further improve the ethical governance mechanisms of Cyborg technology research and development, that is, adhere to the concept of people-oriented development, resort to limited responsible innovation, and strengthen ethical review and supervision.
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Internet hospitals played a huge role in meeting patients’ medical needs during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a new service model, it also brings new challenges to medical ethics. This paper analyzed the three key elements of behavior: actors, behavior process and action result, and found that apart from ethical challenges such as medical security, data security and privacy protection, different types of Internet hospitals show diversity due to different actors involved. The first type of Internet hospital represented the conflict of interest of doctors brought by the integration of offline and online working modes. The second type showed the challenge of fairness in medical treatment brought by the demand of personalized service provided by medical staff in public medical institutions. The third type manifested the medical security challenges brought by doctors with varying technical levels in an open platform environment. Combined with the current ethical governance of science and technology and the digital transformation of society, this paper put forward some countermeasures and suggestion, such as further clarifying the boundaries of rights and responsibilities of relevant subjects of Internet platform, formulating the code of conduct requirements for medical staff in Internet hospitals, and supervising doctors’ medical practice in Internet hospitals.
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Early phase trials refer to the early exploratory stage of transferring drug development into clinical trials. With China's strong encouragement for innovative drug research and development and enterprises vigorous investment, a large number of innovative drugs have entered early clinical trials. Early phase trials are generally based on innovative diagnosis and treatment mechanisms, pharmaceutical technology and drug delivery methods. Their research design are complex and diverse, and the new technology such as computer simulation are also widely used in the early phase trial process. These aspects are major challenges for the scientific and ethical review of early phase trials. Based on the characteristics of early phase trials, this article analyzes the ethical issues in early clinical trials such as risk uncertainty, therapeutic misunderstanding, subject compensation, breakthrough treatment, etc., and puts forward ethical countermeasures and suggestions.
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Objective To analyze ethical challenges raised from big data in healthcare,provide suggestions for improving its application and development.Methods The ethical challenges were discussed according to the study of important literatures,typical case analysis,analyzing the current situation and its development trend of big data in healthcare.Results The advancement of technology and policies favorable have provided new opportunities for development of big data in healthcare.However,there are still some ethical challenges for its application.For instance,the difficulty of perform traditional informed consent process,the high risk of EHR information release during data storage and transmission,and inadequate privacy protection.To solve these problems,the corresponding regulation and some guidelines should be refined and/or updated;the management system that include informed consent should be adjusted;the corresponding technical supporting platform and specialized interdisciplinary team are also needed.Conclusions The establishment and application is a systematic project.The solution of the ethical challenges is also based on a comprehensive safeguard system of laws,regulations,management and technology.
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No mercado financeiro, ser visto como uma empresa ética é atributo fundamental para a consolidação de uma relação de confiança com os clientes. Nesse domínio específico da atividade humana, altamente globalizado e interdependente, as consequências negativas dos comportamentos antiéticos são potencializadas, prejudicando o relacionamento entre funcionários, clientes, stakeholders e até a economia mundial, como visto recentemente. Apesar da relevância desse setor econômico e do grande número de pessoas nele empregadas, raros são os levantamentos realizados sobre ética corporativa em bancos. Assim, buscando amenizar tal lacuna, este artigo teve por objetivo identificar os desafios éticos na gestão de instituições financeiras de grande porte. Para atingir esse propósito foi realizada uma pesquisa eminentemente qualitativa: para coleta de dados foram realizados seis grupos focais que contaram com a participação de 89 executivos do Banco do Brasil. Os dados coletados foram analisados por meio da técnica da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram oito categorias temáticas de desafios éticos. Entre estas, aliar o discurso da ética às práticas organizacionais foi a categoria que apresentou a maior frequência de manifestações. Os resultados obtidos possibilitaram traçar um amplo panorama das dificuldades percebidas pelos gestores com relação à ética corporativa, destacando-se a natureza multifacetada dos desafios éticos encontrados no cotidiano das organizações.
Being seen as an ethical company in the financial market is a fundamental attribute to for consolidate consolidating a trust relationship of trust with customers. In this particular area of human activity, highly globalized and interdependent world, the negative consequences of unethical behavior are enhancedheightened, harming damaging the relationship between employees, customers, stakeholders, and even the world economy, as seen recently. Despite of the relevance fromimportance of this economic sector and the large number of people it employs, there are very few researches studies on corporate ethics in banks. Thus, this study seeking aimed to mitigate fill this gap, this study aimed to by identifying ethical challenges in managing large financial institutions. Aiming to achieveTo achieve this purpose, a predominantly highly qualitative survey was conducted. Data were collected through six focus groups that included the participation of 89 executives of Banco do Brasil. Collected These data were analyzed using the content analysis technique. Results showed eight thematic categories of ethical challenges. Among these, to ally the discourse of ethics to thewith organizational practices was the category with thethat came up highest most frequency frequentlyof events. The Results results turned out showing a broad picture of the difficulties perceived by managers concerning corporate ethics, in which has been highlighteding the multifaceted nature of the ethical challenges encountered in the everyday daily operation of organizations.
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In the past 11 years ,the human genome research has made a great progress.This will bring about another revolution in the life sciences development and challenges of a series of social ethical principles.So it is necessary to abide by the basic point of social ethical principles and build up developmental system between human genome science and social ethical principles.It is favourable to coordinate their relations and bring about the healthful development of human genome science and bring benefits to mankind.