RESUMEN
Vesicle glutamate transporter (VGLUT) specifically transfers glutamate into synaptic vesicle, determines the amount of glutamate released into the synaptic cleft, then regulates the efficiency of glutamatergic synaptic transmission. VGLUT plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's diseases (AD). VGLUT is significantly decreased in the brain of AD patients and closely correlated with cognitive dysfunction, beta- amyloid aggregation, tau protein phosphorylation and glutamate excitoxicity. VGLUT, the possible specific biomarker of glutamatergic neuron, has been considered a potential drug target in the treatment of AD and biomarkers in the early diagnosis of AD. There are some advances on chemicals targeting on VGLUT.
RESUMEN
A excitoxicidade relacionada ao neurotransmissor aminoácido glu- ta mato e ao seu receptor NMDA (n-metil-d-aspartato) consiste em um mecanismo de elevado potencial para explicar a fisiopatologia da esquizofrenia. Os neurolépticos atípicos clozapina e olanzapia têm potencial para proteger contra a neurotoxicidade gerada pelos antagonistas de NMDA.
Excitotocicity due to glutamate and its NMDA (N-methyl-D- aspartate) receptor are a possible mechanism for the physiopatholoy of schizophrenia. The atipical neuroleptic drugs clozapine and olanzapina present the potencial to protect against neu- rorocity caused by NMDA antagonists.