RESUMEN
ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to adjust parameters related to the interception of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) by reproductive structures of spring canola, with different nitrogen levels and hybrids. Two field experiments were conducted, being one with different sowing dates and hybrids (Hyola 61 and Hyola 432) and another with doses of 10, 20, 40, 80, 160kg ha-1 of N, applied in top dressing. They were conducted in Passo Fundo and Coxilha, RS, Brazil, in 2011 and 2014, respectively.The evaluated variables were: area index of reproductive structures, interception efficiency and extinction coefficient of these structures for PAR. PAR interception increased by increasing the reproductive structures volume. Interception efficiency of PAR by reproductive structures ranged from 45 to 80%. It was higher in the Hyola 61 hybrid and at the highest dose of N. The extinction coefficient of reproductive structures for PAR was 0.44 in non-limiting doses of N.
RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi parametrizar a interceptação de radiação fotossinteticamente ativa (RFA) pelas estruturas reprodutivas de canola de primavera, em função de doses de nitrogênio e híbridos. Dois experimentos de campo foram conduzidos, sendo um com diferentes híbridos (Hyola 61 e Hyola 432) e outro com doses de N de 10, 20, 40, 80, 160kg ha-1, aplicadas em cobertura. Eles foram conduzidos em Passo Fundo e Coxilha, RS, Brasil, em 2011 e 2014, respectivamente. As variáveis avaliadas foram: índice de área de estruturas reprodutivas, eficiência de interceptação de RFA e coeficiente de extinção dessas estruturas. A interceptação de RFA aumentou com a elevação do volume das estruturas reprodutivas. A eficiência de interceptação de RFA pelas estruturas reprodutivas variou de 45 a 80%, sendo maior no híbrido Hyola 61 e na maior dose de N aplicado. O coeficiente de extinção de estruturas reprodutivas foi de 0,44 em doses não limitantes de N.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To validate the experimental extinction coefficient of a monoclonal antibody with three methods and compare them with the theoretical value. METHODS: The theoretical molar extinction coefficient was determined at 280 nm based on the primary sequence of the monoclonal antibody, and the theoretical extinction coefficient was calculated in combination with the molecular weight of the monoclonal antibody measured by mass spectrometry. The protein concentration of the monoclonal antibody was measured with three methods, and the experimental extinction coefficient was calculated according to Lambert-Beers Law, ie, c=A/EL. Method one was calculating the extinction coefficient of the protein in its folded state (native state) based on the experimental extinction coefficient of the urea-denatured protein in its unfolded state (denatured state); method two was HPLC quantitation in combination with AccQ Fluor kit after acid hydrolysis of protein; method three was amino acid sequence analyzer quantitation after acid hydrolysis of the protein. RESULTS: The theoretical extinction coefficient was 1.453 mL·mg-1·cm-1, and the experimental ones by the three methods were (1.442±0.009), (1.529±0.032), and (1.458±0.019) mL·mg-1·m-1, respectively, with the average of (1.477±0.044) mL·mg-1·cm-1 and RSD of 2.979% (n=9), which demonstrated the small differences between the theoretical and experimental extinction coefficients (0.069%-7.708%). CONCLUSION: The established determination and verification methods can be used to quantify the protein contents of monoclonal antibody products.