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Animals exhibit sociability behaviors and spatial use patterns that are important for species survival. Bats are animals that exhibit complex patterns of aggregation of individuals, which can vary according to sex and age. Aggregation can be explained by active or passive mechanisms. In this behavioural note, we report a group of female Artibeus lituratus in the reproductive stage that exhibits aggregation behavior supporting the active mechanism hypothesis. The females returned to the same roost, for two reproductive season, maintaining the aggregation with the same individuals with which the social bonds were already established.
Os animais exibem comportamentos de sociabilidade e padrões de uso espacial que são importantes para a sobrevivência das espécies. Os morcegos são animais que apresentam padrões complexos de agregação de indivíduos, que podem variar de acordo com o sexo e a idade. A agregação pode ser explicada por mecanismos ativos ou passivos. Nesta nota comportamental, relatamos um grupo de fêmeas de Artibeus lituratus em fase reprodutiva que exibe comportamento de agregação apoiando a hipótese do mecanismo ativo. As fêmeas retornaram ao mesmo poleiro, por duas estações reprodutivas, mantendo a agregação com os mesmos indivíduos com os quais os laços sociais já foram estabelecidos.
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Introdução: A hipertrofia de pequenos lábios combinada com capuz clitoriano redundante é uma queixa comum entre mulheres que procuram cirurgia plástica genital cosmética por queixas funcionais, psicológicas e estéticas. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a técnica boomerang, um tratamento cirúrgico da hipertrofia labial que se estende a todo o capuz clitoriano. Método: Foi conduzido um estudo retrospectivo, de caráter analítico, para avaliar os prontuários médicos de 48 pacientes consecutivas submetidas a cirurgia estética genital feminina entre julho de 2017 e julho de 2021. Todos os procedimentos cirúrgicos foram realizados pela mesma cirurgiã. A técnica utilizada nas pacientes consistiu na ressecção longitudinal dos excessos de pequenos lábios vaginais associado à ressecção de capô clitoriano em forma de boomerang e à clitoropexia. Resultados: A idade média das pacientes submetidas a cirurgia foi de 36,25 anos (intervalo 18-59 anos), entre as quais 94,44% apresentaram queixas estéticas associadas ou não a queixas funcionais, e 5,56% apresentaram somente queixas funcionais. Duas pacientes apresentaram hematomas nos grandes lábios no pós-operatório imediato, e uma paciente teve deiscência de sutura nos pequenos lábios. Conclusão: A técnica boomerang é reprodutível e proporciona benefícios estéticos e/ou funcionais na genitália feminina.
Introduction: Hypertrophy of the labia minora combined with a redundant clitoral hood is a common complaint among women seeking aesthetic genital cosmetic surgery for functional, psychological, and aesthetic complaints. The objective of this study was to describe the boomerang technique, a surgical treatment for labial hypertrophy that extends to the entire clitoral hood. Method: A retrospective, analytical study was conducted to evaluate the medical records of forty-eight consecutive patients who underwent female genital cosmetic surgery between July 2017 and July 2021. The same surgeon performed all surgical procedures. The technique used in the patients consisted of longitudinal resection of excess small vaginal lips associated with resection of the boomerang-shaped clitoral hood associated with clitoroplasty. Results: The average age of patients undergoing surgery was 36.25 years (range 18-59 years), among whom 94.44% had aesthetic complaints associated or not with functional complaints, and 5.56% had only functional complaints. Two patients had bruises on the labia majora in the immediate postoperative period, and one patient had suture dehiscence on the labia minora. Conclusion: The boomerang technique is reproducible and provides aesthetic and/or functional benefits to the female genitalia.
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Uno de los deportes que más versatilidad representa es el levantamiento de pesas, pues su práctica no solo se reduce al deporte competitivo, sino es una actividad física que desarrolla la capacidad de fuerza, en el resto de los deportes. Esto constituye una realidad que se concreta en el rendimiento deportivo, sin embargo, las féminas que lo practican no cuentan con un tratamiento ajustado a su género, por lo que el objetivo de este trabajo consistió en determinar qué nivel de conocimientos poseen los entrenadores de levantamiento de pesas en Santiago de Cuba, para distribuir las cargas en el equipo femenino de este deporte. Para lograr este propósito, se implementaron métodos del nivel empírico como la observación científica aplicada a las +sesiones de entrenamiento y la encuesta a los entrenadores que atienden a estas atletas. Como resultado del diagnóstico, se declaró que existe un significativo desconocimiento sobre cómo distribuir las cargas en estas pesistas y se carece de una metodología para incrementar este conocimiento y mejorar los resultados competitivos del género femenino, en esta categoría.
Um dos esportes mais versáteis é o levantamento de peso, pois sua prática não se limita apenas ao esporte competitivo, mas é uma atividade física que desenvolve a capacidade de força em outros esportes. Essa é uma realidade que se reflete no desempenho esportivo, no entanto, as mulheres que o praticam não têm um tratamento ajustado ao seu gênero, por isso o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar qual o nível de conhecimento que os treinadores de halterofilismo em Santiago de Cuba têm para distribuir as cargas na equipe feminina desse esporte. Para atingir esse objetivo, foram utilizados métodos empíricos, como a observação científica aplicada às sessões de treinamento e uma pesquisa com os técnicos que treinam essas atletas. Como resultado do diagnóstico, constatou-se que há uma significativa falta de conhecimento sobre como distribuir as cargas nessas levantadoras de peso e que falta uma metodologia para aumentar esse conhecimento e melhorar os resultados competitivos do gênero feminino nessa categoria.
One of the sports that represents the most versatility is weightlifting, since its practice is not only reduced to competitive sports, but is a physical activity that develops strength capacity in the rest of the sports. This constitutes a reality that is reflected in sports performance, however, the women who practice it do not have treatment adjusted to their gender, so the objective of this work was to determine what level of knowledge lifting coaches have of weights in Santiago de Cuba, to distribute the loads in the women's team of this sport. To achieve this purpose, empirical level methods were implemented such as scientific observation applied to training sessions and surveys of coaches who care for these athletes. As a result of the diagnosis, it was declared that there is a significant lack of knowledge about how to distribute the loads in these weightlifters and there is a lack of a methodology to increase this knowledge and improve the competitive results of the female gender, in this category.
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Abstract Objective This study aimed at investigating a set of peripheral cytokines in elderly female patients with MDD, comparing them to controls, and assessing the potential influence of clinical comorbidities on inflammatory markers. Methods Twenty-five elderly female patients diagnosed with MDD and 19 age-matched female controls were enrolled on this study. Plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were evaluated with commercially-available assays. Results Elderly female patients with MDD exhibited higher plasma IL-6 and IL-4 levels when compared to controls. In a logistic regression model taking cytokine levels, comorbidities, and age into account, only type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) remained associated with MDD. Conclusion Diabetes influences the association between MDD and higher levels of cytokines in elderly female patients. Future studies should take this evidence into account in order to mitigate confounding factors.
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Resumo O presente artigo aborda as construções performáticas de gênero de delegadas de polícia atuantes no estado do Rio de Janeiro. A partir da utilização da Cartografia como método de pesquisa, acompanhamos percursos, conexões e processos de construção de feminilidades, acionadas e performadas por nossas entrevistadas para constituírem um local de respeito e destaque dentro e fora da Instituição, usando a beleza como ferramenta estética e discursiva de poder, a partir da classe performática DeleGata. Foram realizadas entrevistas de manejo cartográfico com nove delegadas lotadas no estado do Rio de Janeiro, com idades entre 30 e 59 anos. Embora a polícia valorize historicamente ideários reconhecidos como masculinos, como força e virilidade, as performatividades de gênero operadas pelas delegadas permitem uma feminilização da polícia. A figura/enunciação da DeleGata, que constrói uma imagem da mulher delegada, fazendo supor uma unidade, significa a produção de sujeitos políticos, assim como ideias e valores que atingem um padrão comunicativo e performático, visibilizando certa mulher que ornamenta - com sua beleza - e que surpreende - com sua inteligência - ao mesmo tempo. Assim, a DeleGata coloca em ação extremos aparentemente antagônicos: beleza-inteligência, sensualidade-poder, feminilidade-força e produzem um regime social e simbólico de produção de corpos e feminilidades.
Abstract This article discusses the performative gender constructions of female police chiefs working in Rio de Janeiro state. Using cartography as a research method, we follow the paths, connections, and construction of femininities, activated and performed by our respondents to establish a place of respect and prominence within and outside the Institution, using beauty as an aesthetic and discursive power tool based on the DeleGata performative class. Cartographic interviews were conducted with nine female police chiefs in Rio de Janeiro state aged 30 to 59. Although the police have historically valued recognized masculine ideals, such as strength and virility, the gender performativities operated by female police chiefs allow for police feminization. The figure/enunciation of DeleGata, who builds an image of the female police chief, implying a unity, signifies producing political subjects, ideas, and values that reach a communicative and performative standard, making visible some woman who adorns - with her beauty - and simultaneously surprises - with her intelligence. The DeleGata thus brings into play apparently antagonistic extremes: beauty-intelligence, sensuality-power, femininity-strength, producing a social and symbolic regimen for the production of bodies and femininities.
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Resumo O objetivo é identificar impactos culturais, sociais e de saúde causadas pela violência na parceria íntima (VPI) em mulheres homoafetivas (MOH) e biafetivas (MOB). Estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura que buscou e analisou estudos indexados nas bases de dados PubMed e Lilacs, sendo considerados os idiomas: inglês, português e espanhol. O estudo buscou responder a seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: "Quais impactos a VPI traz para as MOB e MOH?". Foram encontrados 42 estudos e após aplicado os critérios de exclusão, 19 compuseram a amostra final. Os dados foram analisados a partir da metodologia de análise de conteúdo, modalidade análise temática de Bardin (2009). A análise na íntegra dos artigos revelou duas categorias: 1) A violência na parceria íntima e os impactos socioculturais; e 2) A violência na parceira íntima e os impactos na saúde. A vivência de situações de violência na parceria íntima entre mulheres homo e/ou biafetivas afeta suas dimensões socioculturais e de saúde, já que elas estão sob o viés da dupla vulnerabilidade: mulher em relações homo/biafetivas. Existe também invisibilidade do fenômeno nos serviços de saúde já que os profissionais não são formados para abordar as diferentes orientações sexuais entre mulheres e menos ainda as situações de violência advindas dessas relações.
Abstract The aim is to identify cultural, social and health impacts caused by intimate partner violence (IPV) in homoaffective (MOH) and biaffective (MOB) women. This is an integrative literature review that sought and analyzed studies indexed in the PubMed and Lilacs databases, considering the following languages. The study sought to answer the following research question: "What impacts does IPV bring to MOB and MOH?". Forty two studies were found and after applying the exclusion criteria, 19 went into the final sample. Data were analyzed using the content analysis methodology, Bardin's thematic analysis modality (2009). The full analysis of the articles revealed two categories: 1) Intimate partner violence and sociocultural impacts; and 2) Intimate partner violence and health impacts. The experience of situations of violence in intimate partnerships between homo and/or biaffective women affect their sociocultural and health dimensions, since they are under the bias of double vulnerability: women in homo/biaffective relationships. There is also an invisibility of the phenomenon in health services, since professionals are not trained to address the different sexual orientations among women and even less the situations of violence resulting from these relationships.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: During basketball, players' movements represent a reaction to an unpredictable single or complex external stimulus (nonplanned agility). Objective: The present study aimed to compare the test of nonplanned agility to the planned agility test and to increase the knowledge of perception, decision-making, anticipation, and motor abilities of female basketball players. Methods: Thirty-six female basketball players (age: 18.81 ± 2.58 years) performed The Reaction Time and Defensive Sliding Test (RTADST) on the first day and the T-test the following day. Results: there were no statistically significant correlations between the RTADST and T-test at the whole sample level or between perimeter and post players. The T-test and Fat % correlation is significant at the 0.05 level, while the other analyzed correlations were insignificant. Perimeter players achieved better results on the RTADST test. There were no significant differences between perimeter and post players on the T-test. Conclusion: The RTADST and T-test are testing different abilities. We recommend the use of the RTADST to coaches and conditioning experts. Level of Evidence II; Diagnostic Study Investigating a Diagnostic Test.
RESUMEN Introducción: Durante el partido de baloncesto, los movimientos de los jugadores de baloncesto representan la reacción a un estímulo externo único o complejo impredecible (agilidad no planificada). Objetivo: El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar la prueba de agilidad no planificada con la prueba de agilidad planificada y aumentar el conocimiento sobre la percepción, la toma de decisiones, la anticipación y las habilidades motoras de las jugadoras de baloncesto. Métodos: Las treinta y seis jugadoras de baloncesto (de la edad: 18.81 ± 2.58 años) realizaron la Prueba de tiempo de reacción y deslizamiento defensivo (RTADST) el primer día y el siguiente día la prueba T. Resultados obtenidos: no hubo correlaciones estadísticamente significativas entre el RTADST y la prueba T, a nivel de toda la muestra ni entre jugadoras del perímetro y del poste. La correlación entre la prueba T y el % de Grasa es significativa al nivel de 0,05, mientras que el resto de las correlaciones analizadas no resultaron significativas. Las jugadoras del perímetro lograron mejores resultados en la prueba RTADST. No hubo diferencias significativas entre las jugadoras del perímetro y las del poste en la prueba T. Conclusión: El RTADST y la prueba T están probando habilidades diferentes. Recomendamos el uso del RTADST a entrenadores y expertos en acondicionamiento. Nivel de Evidencia II; Estudio de Diagnóstico que Investiga una Prueba Diagnóstica.
RESUMO Introdução: Durante o basquete, os movimentos dos jogadores representam uma reação a um estímulo externo imprevisível, simples ou complexo (agilidade não planejada). Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar o teste de agilidade não planejada com o teste de agilidade planejada no intuito de aumentar o conhecimento sobre percepção, tomada de decisão, antecipação e habilidades motoras em jogadoras de basquete. Métodos: Trinta e seis jogadoras de basquete (idade: 18,81 ± 2,58 anos) realizaram o Teste de Tempo de Reação e Deslizamento Defensivo (RTADST) no primeiro dia e o Teste T no dia seguinte. Resultados: não houve correlações estatisticamente significativas entre o RTADST e o teste T em toda a amostra ou entre jogadores de perímetro e de poste. A correlação entre o teste T e o percentual de gordura é significativa no nível de 0,05, enquanto as outras correlações analisadas foram insignificantes. Os jogadores de perímetro obtiveram melhores resultados no teste RTADST. Não houve diferenças significativas entre os jogadores de perímetro e de poste no teste T. Conclusões: O RTADST e o teste T estão testando habilidades diferentes. Recomendamos o uso do RTADST para treinadores e especialistas em condicionamento físico. Nível de Evidência II; Estudo de Diagnóstico que Investiga um Teste de Diagnóstico.
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ObjectiveTo explore the effect of precocious puberty on glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism in female rats. MethodsSixty two-day-old female rats were randomly divided into 2 groups. When aged 5 days， the precocious puberty group and normal group were given a single subcutaneous injection of danazol and solvent soybean oil respectively. The vaginal opening of rats was monitored from their 21 days of age. After 12 hours of fasting， all successful modeling rats were randomly executed within 3 days after vaginal opening， when aged 7 and 12 weeks. Then we measured the rats’ body weight and length， determined the concentrations of glucose， insulin， blood lipids， estradiol， leptin and adiponectin with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and observed the pathological changes of perirenal fat， uterus and ovary. ResultsFor body weight and length， rats in the precocious puberty group were smaller than those in the normal group within 3 days after vaginal opening， but which did not affect their subsequent growth and development， and there was no significant difference between the two groups at 7 and 12 weeks of age. Within 3 days after vaginal opening， insulin levels had significant difference between the two groups （P = 0.001）， the precocious group showed hyperinsulinemia and increased number of perirenal adipocytes. At three execution times， no significant difference was noted in estradiol， leptin and adiponectin levels between the two groups. The same was true in the ratios of ovary or uterus to body weight between the two groups. ConclusionsPrecocious puberty makes earlier onset of pubertal development and allows body maladaptation to the sudden changes of the internal environment. However， the changes due to precocious puberty are temporary and reversible， and they may become normal in adulthood.
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BackgroundDepressive disorders are prevalence among adolescents， with a higher incidence in females compared to males， often accompanied by more severe depressive symptoms. Sertraline is commonly prescribed for adolescent depressive disorder， however， its efficacy is only evident in certain patients. Currently， there is limited research on predicting the therapeutic efficacy of sertraline in female adolescents with depressive disorder. ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between personality traits， psychological resilience， coping style and the clinical efficacy of sertraline treatment in female adolescents with first-episode depressive disorder， in order to provide references for the treatment of this population. MethodsA total of 112 female adolescent patients with first-episode depressive disorder， meeting the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases （tenth edition） （ICD-10）， and undergoing a 4-week treatment regimen with sertraline， were selected from the Second People's Hospital of Guizhou Province from February 2019 to January 2021.General demographic questionnaire， NEO Five-Factor Inventory （NEO-FFI）， Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents （RSCA）， Coping Style Scale for Middle School Students （CSSMSS）， Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA） and Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17） were used for assessment. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the factors influencing the clinical efficacy of sertraline in the treatment of female adolescents with first-episode depressive disorder. ResultsNeuroticism （β=-0.115， 95% CI： 0.807~0.984） could negatively predicted the therapeutic efficacy of sertraline in female adolescents with first-episode depressive disorder， whereas agreeableness （β=0.129， 95% CI： 1.025~1.264） and RSCA score （β=0.062， 95% CI： 1.004~1.128） could positively predict its therapeutic efficacy. ConclusionHigh neuroticism， low agreeableness and low psychological resilience may be the risk factors for the poor therapeutic effect of sertraline in the treatment of female adolescents with first-episode depressive disorder. ［Funded by 2019 Guiyang Science and Technology Program （number， Zhuke Contract ［2019］9-3-1）］
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Resumo O estudo tem por objetivo compreender os significados relacionados à saúde sexual e os contornos que definem a experiência de acesso aos serviços de saúde para mulheres lésbicas de Manaus, Amazonas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa. Contou com a participação de dez mulheres que se autoidentificaram como lésbicas. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e suas análises ocorreram por meio de três eixos temáticos. O primeiro abordou as representações sobre prevenção e práticas sexuais, destacando a noção de fidelidade no relacionamento como "fator de proteção". Foram relatadas dificuldades no uso de preservativos em relações entre duas mulheres. O segundo discutiu a heteronormatividade e seus efeitos no cuidado de si, relatando as dificuldades de as participantes serem compreendidas e acolhidas pelos serviços de saúde. O terceiro abordou a busca do próprio conhecimento como tática de cuidado, destacando a importância da informação e da autonomia para a promoção da saúde e a prevenção de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Conclui-se que existe a necessidade de políticas públicas voltadas para a promoção da saúde sexual de mulheres lésbicas e o reconhecimento de suas especificidades pelos serviços de saúde.
Abstract This study aims to understand the meanings related to sexual health and the delineations that define the experience of accessing health services for lesbian women in Manaus, Brazil. This study followed a qualitative approach, counting on the participation of ten women who self-reported themselves as lesbians. Semi-structured interviews were carried out and their analyses occurred through three thematic axes. The first addressed the representations concerning prevention and sexual practices, highlighting the notion of fidelity in the relationship as a "protective factor". Difficulties in the use of condoms in relationships between two women were reported. The second discussed heteronormativity and its effects on self-care, reporting the participants' difficulties in being understood and welcomed by health services. The third addressed the search for one's own knowledge as a care tactic, highlighting the importance of information and autonomy for health promotion and prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). It can therefore be concluded that there is a need for public policies aimed at promoting the sexual health of lesbian women and the recognition of their specificities by health services.
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Resumo Este artigo analisa tensões e disputas entre o campo da ginecologia e da cirurgia plástica estética, especialidades autorizadas a realizar a cirurgia estética genital feminina no Brasil. Utiliza material documental, incluindo artigos científicos desde a década de 1990, e sites institucionais. Enquanto ginecologistas têm se mantido mais cautelosos com a prática, defendendo sua realização apenas quando há indicações funcionais, cirurgiões/ãs plásticos/as têm sido mais influentes na disseminação do procedimento, privilegiando a dimensão estética. Argumenta-se que, para além de disputas entre campos profissionais, esse fenômeno precisa ser entendido à luz da crescente ênfase no aprimoramento de si, via recursos biomédicos, e dos imperativos de gênero.
Abstract This article analyzes the tensions and disputes between the fields of gynecology and esthetic plastic surgery, the specialties which are authorized to perform aesthetic female genital surgeries in Brazil. Documentary materials are used, including scientific articles from the 1990s onward and institutional websites. While gynecologists have remained more cautious, recommending the surgery only for functional reasons, plastic surgeons have been more influential in publicizing these procedures and emphasizing the aesthetic dimension. Beyond professional disputes, we debate whether this phenomenon needs to be understood in light of the growing emphasis on self-improvement via biomedical resources and gender imperatives.
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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the state of aging anxiety in middle-aged women. METHODS: The study was collected from women between the ages of 40 and 59 years by an online survey method. While collecting the data of the participants, the women's personal characteristics diagnostic form and the Aging Anxiety Scale for Middle-Aged Women were used. The data were analyzed with the SPSS 26 statistical software. RESULTS: The aging anxiety of the women was found to be moderate (53.05±16.26). A significant correlation was found between women's menopausal status, household income, education level, and total score of aging anxiety (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In addition to working outside the home, women are also burdened with duties inside the home. To improve their quality of life, women need to share many of the tasks imposed on them with other family members. To reduce the anxiety experienced by women during the climacteric period, it is recommended to provide psychosocial support to women and consider this issue in health policies. Healthcare professionals, especially nurses, have important duties to reduce anxiety and stress, which constitute the basis of many chronic diseases. It is recommended that nurses, who are health ambassadors, direct women with anxiety to psychological support services through screenings they will conduct for women during this period.
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Introduction: genital chlamydia, which is caused by diverse Chlamydia trachomatis genotypes, is largely asymptomatic. We aimed to identify C. trachomatis genotypes causing genital chlamydia among female sex workers attending a sex workers outreach program clinic in Nairobi, Kenya. Methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted between 18 April 2017 and 19 March 2021. Genitourinary complaints from eligible female sex workers were documented using a structured questionnaire. Endocervical swabs were collected for laboratory analysis. C. trachomatis plasmid DNA was extracted, PCR-amplified, and sequenced. Consensus sequences were generated and aligned with reference sequences to determine the C.trachomatis genotypes. Bivariate analysis was used to determine the association between genitourinary complaints and genital chlamydia. Results: endocervical swabs were collected from a total of 348 participants. Of these, 46 (13.2%) were positive for C. trachomatis. Most (297, 85.3%) of the participants presented with pelvic discharge with or without other symptoms. Fifteen (15, 4.3%) had abdominal pain and 3 (0.9%) had an itchy vulva. There was no statistically significant relationship between clinical presentation and genital chlamydia. Twenty-three samples were successfully sequenced. Each sequence was at least 90% identical to each of the 13 references C. trachomatis genotypes A, B, C, D, E, F, G, Ia, J, L1, L2, L2b and L3. Conclusion: we found no significant association between individual genitourinary complaints and genital chlamydia infection. The C. trachomatis genotypes circulating amongst female sex workers in Nairobi could be related to genotypes A, B, C, D, E, F, G, Ia, J, L1, L2, L2b, and L3.
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Humanos , FemeninoRESUMEN
Abstract Introduction : Lower limb peripheral artery disease (PAD) presents high morbidity and mortality. Women represent a small subgroup in different studies, with scarce evidence regarding the prognosis of this gender on PAD. The aim of the present work was to determine the prognostic impact of female gender on lower limb PAD revascularization. Methods : This was a retrospective, single-center study, including patients undergoing symptomatic lower limb PAD revascularization. Results : Among a total of 309 patients included in the study, 109 belonged to the female gender (35%). Women were older and presented lower prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors compared with the male gender. All-cause mortality (22% vs. 12%, p = 0.02) and re-hospitalizations for chronic limb-threatening ischemia (18% vs. 10%, p = 0.04) rates were significantly higher in women. In a multivariate regression model, female gender was independently associated with all-cause mortality (OR 2.19 [95% CI: 1.06-4.51], p = 0.03). The time-to-event showed that women exhibited 93% more risk of suffering death than men, after adjusting for clinically relevant variables (HR 1.93 [95% CI: 1.04-3.56], p = 0.04). Discussion : Women with symptomatic PAD revascu larization presented worse prognosis than men in terms of all-cause mortality and re-hospitalizations for chronic limb-threatening ischemia rates. Therefore, it is essen tial to achieve an adequate control of cardiovascular risk factors, as well as to optimize medical treatment in female patients.
Resumen Introducción : La enfermedad arterial de miembros inferiores (EAMI) presenta elevada morbimortalidad. Las mujeres constituyen un subgrupo minoritario en distin tos estudios, con escasa evidencia acerca del pronóstico por género en EAMI. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar el impacto pronóstico del género femenino en la revascu larización de EAMI. Métodos : Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo y unicén trico, que incluyó pacientes con EAMI sintomática y revascularizada. Resultados : Se incluyeron 309 pacientes, de los cuales 109 (35%) eran mujeres. Las mujeres fueron más añosas y presentaron menor prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en comparación a los hombres. Las tasas de mortalidad por todas las causas (22% vs. 12%, p = 0.02) y de hospitalizaciones por isquemia crítica (18% vs. 10%, p 0.04) fueron significativamente mayores en mujeres. En el modelo de regresión multivariado, el sexo femenino se asoció de forma independiente con mortalidad por todas las causas (OR 2.19 [IC 95%: 1.06-4.51], p = 0.03). En el análisis de tiempo al evento, las mujeres tuvieron 93% más riesgo de morir que los hombres, luego de ajustar por variables clínicamente relevantes (HR 1.93 [IC 95%: 1.04-3.56], p = 0.04). Discusión : Las mujeres con EAMI sintomática y re vascularizada presentaron un peor pronóstico en com paración a los hombres en términos de tasas de mor talidad por todas las causas y de hospitalizaciones por isquemia crítica de miembros inferiores. Por lo tanto, es fundamental lograr un adecuado control de factores de riesgo cardiovascular, como así también, optimizar el tratamiento médico en el género femenino.
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A pandemia de COVID-19 teve consequências graves também para o mundo do trabalho. Exemplo disso, foi a pressão que as professoras de escolas privadas tiveram por rapidamente transporem as atividades de ensino para o modelo remoto. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar como as professoras de escola privada vivenciaram o seu trabalho docente durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Partindo da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural, realizamos 12 entrevistas em profundidade com professoras de escolas privadas da cidade de Natal-RN, sendo esses dados analisados quanto aos seus núcleos de significação. Encontramos cinco núcleos de significação: significações sobre o trabalho de professora; dificuldades do dia a dia de trabalho; consequências da pandemia; agravamentos gerados pela pandemia; e enfrentamentos diante dos desafios. Concluímos que a pandemia operou como um catalizador de problemas que as professoras já enfrentavam, decorrente da exploração do trabalho, machismo e neoliberalismo. Diante desse cenário, consideramos que as formas de enfrentamento e resistência passem por estratégias coletivas e que visem a superação desses processos históricos de precarização do trabalho.
The pandemic COVID-19 had serious consequences for the world of work as well. One example of this was the pressure that private school teachers were under to quickly transition their teaching activities to the remote learning model. The aim of this research was to analyze how private school teachers experienced their teaching work during the pandemic COVID-19. Based on Cultural-Historical Psychology, we carried out 12 in-depth interviews with private school teachers from the city of Natal-RN, and these data were analyzed according to their Nuclei of Meaning. We found five nuclei of meaning: meanings about working as a teacher; difficulties in daily work; consequences of the pandemic; aggravations generated by the pandemic; and confrontations with the challenges. We concluded that the pandemic acted as a catalyst for problems that women teachers were already facing, resulting from labor exploitation, sexism, and neoliberalism. Facing this scenario, we believe that the forms of confrontation and resistance go through collective strategies aimed overcoming these historical processes of precarization of work.
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Abstract The return to work of lactating mothers has been identified as an important risk factor for breastfeeding interruption. We proposed to identify factors associated with breastfeeding abandonment in the first month after return. 252 women working at a hospital who had children aged 12 to 36 months and who were still breastfeeding when returned to work answered a questionnaire containing questions on sociodemographic characteristics, pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding and work-related factors. The associations were estimated using adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR), calculated with the hierarchical Poisson multivariable regression model. The following factors showed a significant association with breastfeeding abandonment: using a pacifier (aPR 4.58), cohabiting with someone other than partner (aPR 3.77), having no intention or having doubts about maintaining breastfeeding after returning (aPR 3.39), having a college degree (aPR 2.66), having no support from the infant's caregiver (aPR 2.26), and infant being older when the woman returned to work (PR 1.16 for each additional month of infant age). Longer duration of exclusive breastfeeding was a protective factor (aPR 0.990). Most of the factors associated with discontinuation of breastfeeding in the first month after the mother's return to work are not directly related to the woman's work.
Resumo O retorno da lactante ao trabalho é apontado como importante fator de risco para interrupção da amamentação. Nós nos propusemos a identificar fatores associados ao abandono da amamentação no primeiro mês após o retorno. Compuseram a amostra 252 servidoras de um hospital com filhos entre 12 e 36 meses e que estavam amamentando quando retornaram ao trabalho, fornecendo informações sobre características sociodemográficas, gestação, parto, amamentação e fatores relacionados ao trabalho. As associações foram estimadas pela razão de prevalência ajustada (RPa), obtida usando modelo hierárquico de regressão multivariada de Poisson. Os seguintes fatores mostraram associação significativa com abandono da amamentação: uso de chupeta (RPa 4,58), coabitação com outra pessoa que não o companheiro (RPa 3,77), não ter intenção ou ter dúvidas sobre amamentar após retorno (RPa 3,39), ter curso superior (RPa 2,66), não ter apoio do cuidador da criança (RPa 2,26) e maior idade da criança quando a mãe retornou ao trabalho (RPa 1,16 para cada mês de idade a mais da criança). Maior duração da amamentação exclusiva foi fator de proteção (RPa 0,990). A maioria dos fatores associados à descontinuidade da amamentação no primeiro mês após retorno da lactante ao trabalho não está diretamente relacionada ao seu trabalho.
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SUMMARY: The aim of the article is to determine the differences in morphological characteristics and jumping abilities between female volleyball players who play for different national teams. The sample consists of 48 elite female volleyball players from four different national teams which participated in European championship qualifications. The variables studied were: body height, mass, body mass index, standing reach and spike reach. The results show differences in body mass index, standing reach and spike reach. These differences are related to the needs of the different positions with regard to the actions they execute. In conclusion morphological parameters are important components of performance in many sports (volleyball). Different sports disciplines require different body parameters and body structure for maximum performance.
El objetivo del artículo fue determinar las diferencias en las características morfológicas y habilidades de salto entre las jugadoras de voleibol que juegan en diferentes selecciones nacionales. La muestra consta de 48 jugadoras de voleibol de élite de cuatro equipos nacionales diferentes que participaron en las clasificaciones del campeonato europeo. Las variables estudiadas fueron: altura corporal, masa, índice de masa corporal, alcance de pie y alcance de remate. Los resultados muestran diferencias en el índice de masa corporal, el alcance de pie y el alcance de punta. Estas diferencias están relacionadas con las necesidades de los distintos cargos en cuanto a las acciones que ejecutan. En conclusión, los parámetros morfológicos son componentes importantes del rendimiento en muchos deportes (voleibol). Las diferentes disciplinas deportivas requieren diferentes parámetros corporales y estructuras corporales para un rendimiento máximo.
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Humanos , Femenino , Adolescente , Antropometría , Voleibol , Estatura , Índice de Masa Corporal , Rendimiento AtléticoRESUMEN
Abstract Female androgenetic alopecia or female-pattern hair loss (FPHL) is highly prevalent and has a great impact on the quality of life. The treatment is a routine challenge in dermatological practice, as many therapeutic options have a limited level of evidence and often do not meet patients expectations. Lack of knowledge of the pathogenesis of the hair miniaturization process and the factors that regulate follicular morphogenesis restricts the prospect of innovative therapies. There is also a lack of randomized, controlled studies with longitudinal follow-up, using objective outcomes and exploring the performance of the available treatments and their combinations. Topical minoxidil, which has been used to treat female pattern hair loss since the 1990s, is the only medication that has a high level of evidence and remains the first choice. However, about 40% of patients do not show improvement with this treatment. In this article, the authors critically discuss the main clinical and surgical therapeutic alternatives for FPHL, as well as present camouflage methods that can be used in more extensive or unresponsive cases.
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Resumen 1Los hogares monoparentales se ven enfrentados a compatibilizar la generación de ingresos con las tareas de cuidado en el hogar, como la alimentación familiar, la cual se configura como un dominio clave en el bienestar. Es por ello, que el objetivo de este estudio buscó explorar los significados acerca de la satisfacción con la alimentación que tienen madres e hijos de familias monoparentales con jefatura femenina. A partir de un estudio de caso de método mixto, mediante la participación de 47 familias monoparentales de jefatura femenina, tanto madres como hijos adolescentes, cuyas edades fluctuaban entre 10 y 17 años de edad, completaron individualmente una tarea de asociación de palabras con "estar satisfecho con mi alimentación" y una tarea de finalización de palabras con "estaría más satisfecho con mi alimentación si...". Los resultados evidenciaron que los significados de la satisfacción con la alimentación son atribuibles a la conceptualización formal del constructo y que no existiría diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las respuestas dadas por madres e hijos, en base a los determinantes de comportamiento en la alimentación. Así se concluyó que las similitudes en los significados, en torno a los determinantes que se identifican con la satisfacción con la alimentación y con los aspectos que podrían aumentarla, permiten constatar la influencia de la familia en las construcciones y significados que forman parte de la identidad individual y cultural de los adolescentes, lo cual se convierte en un insumo necesario para el diseño de prácticas y estrategias que propicien una mayor satisfacción con la alimentación.
Abstract Numerous female-headed single parent households face increased pressure when attempting to balance income generation with household responsibilities, such as family nutrition, which is critical given its greater influence on children's nutrition and diet quality (Hebestreit et al., 2017). This situation is critical in light of the fact that food is positioned as a critical domain of human well-being (Schnettler et al., 2014, 2017; Denegri et al., 2014, 2016). Satisfaction with food-related life is conceptualized as an individual's global cognitive evaluation of his or her diet (Grunert, Dean, Raats, Nielsen, y Lumbers, 2007); its formal definition is connected to other facets of life such as health, family, and social relationships (Grunert et al., 2007). According to the literature, satisfaction with food-related life is defined in terms of three primary determinants of eating behavior: the food consumed, the individual, and the diet's context (Köster, 2009). The purpose of this study is to contribute to our understanding of female-headed single-parent families and their meanings by examining the importance placed on the family as the first social space in which people construct and shape their social representations in various spheres of daily life (Moscovici, 1984). The overall objective is to investigate the meanings of satisfaction with food-related life for mothers and adolescent children in female-headed single-parent families. The specific objectives are to i) define the semantic entities of food satisfaction in relation to mothers and adolescent children, ii) identify factors that contribute to mothers' and adolescent children's food satisfaction, and iii) compare how mothers and adolescent children perceive their food satisfaction and the factors that contribute to it increasing. To accomplish these goals, a mixed case study research design was used. This entails combining quantitative and qualitative research methods in order to gain a better understanding of the research issues (Cresswell y Plano Clark, 2011). A total of 47 Chilean single-parent families with a female head of household participated in this study. It consists of a fee-paying mother that has at least one adolescent child between the ages of 10 and 17. The data collection method was an interview developed and tested in the Chilean population by Schnettler et al. (2020), based on a projective technique (Mesas y Escribano, 2018), in which mothers and adolescent children individually responded to the first words, terms, or phrases associated with the expression "being satisfied with my food-related life" with the goal of determining the meaning of satisfaction with food-related life. They were then asked to complete the sentence "I would be more satisfied with my food-related life if...". In order to identify factors that could improve their satisfaction with food-related life. The data was textually analyzed by segmenting and coding it. Subsequently, by establishing conceptual relationships, categories and supracategories were generated deductively (Krippendorff, 2004). Following that, the information expressed in the results and plotted in frequency tables is synthesized and interpreted. The Chi-square test was used to compare mothers' and adolescent children's responses (Agresti, 1990). In conclusion, the findings indicate that the meanings of satisfaction with food-related life can be ascribed to the construct's formal conceptualization. Thus, this study provides evidence that the construct is valid. There were also similarities in the meanings of mothers and adolescent children when it came to the determinants associated with food satisfaction, as well as the factors that could increase their satisfaction with food-related life. This finding is critical for establishing the family's influence on the constructs and meanings associated with adolescents' cultural identities.
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Las experiencias y relaciones personales insatisfactorias en el ámbito laboral se asocian a resultados negativos en el aspecto sexual. La disfunción sexual femenina (DSF) es la alteración de cualquiera de las fases del orgasmo. La calidad de vida laboral (CVL) es la percepción del trabajador entre las exigencias del trabajo y las técnicas de afrontamiento. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre la calidad de vida laboral y el riesgo de disfunción sexual femenina en enfermeras de un hospital público del Callao, Perú. Método: Estudio observacional, transversal y analítico realizado en enfermeras del Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión (HNDAC) de la provincia Constitucional del Callao, Perú. El riesgo de DSF fue medido con la prueba de Rosen. La CVL fue medida con el cuestionario de CVP-35. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el programa STATA versión 15. Se consideró significativo un valor de p<0,05 con un IC de 95%. Resultados: El estudio contó con la participación de 168 enfermeras que respondieron de forma completa. Las dimensiones de CVL asociadas a DSF fueron apoyo directo (p=0,01), motivación intrínseca (p=0,003), la pregunta sobre desconexión de trabajo (p=0,007), el ingreso mensual (p=0,003), el estado civil (p=0,001) y consumo de alcohol (p=0,014). No hubo asociación en el análisis multivariado. Conclusión: En el presente estudio no existió una asociación entre las dimensiones de la calidad de vida laboral y el riesgo de disfunción sexual femenina ajustado por confusores.
Unsatisfactory personal experiences and relationships in the work environment are associated with negative sexual outcomes. Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is the disturbance of any of the phases of orgasm. Quality of work life (QWL) is the worker's perception between work demands and coping techniques. Objective: To determine the association between quality of work life and the risk of female sexual dysfunction in nurses of a public hospital in Callao, Peru. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, analytical study conducted in nurses of the Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión (HNDAC) of the Constitutional province of Callao, Peru. The risk of FSD was measured with the Rosen test. CVL was measured with the CVP35 questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed with the STATA version 15 program. A value of p<0.05 with a 95% CI was considered significant. Results: The study involved 168 nurses who responded completely. The dimensions of CVL associated with DSF were direct support (p=0.01), intrinsic motivation (p=0.003), the question on work disconnection (p=0.007), monthly income (p=0.003), marital status (p=0.001) and alcohol consumption (p=0.014). There was no association in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion: In the present study there was no association between dimensions of quality of work life and confounder-adjusted risk of female sexual dysfunction.