Facial processing in bipolar disorder is mediated by clinical and biological aspects

Objective: The process of detecting faces can be considered one of the initial steps in face recognition, which is essential for human interaction. We sought to investigate whether a face perception task reliably detects subtle perceptual disturbances between patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and healthy controls. Methods: In this multisite study, we examined differences between BD patients and matched healthy controls. Participants were instructed to detect the orientation (either left or right) of a face when it was presented as a face/non-face pair on a computer screen using Bayesian entropy estimation. Data analyses compared performance between the groups. Results: Overall, BD patients exhibited more perceptual disturbances compared with controls. BD patients who took olanzapine had better performance and faster reaction times (RTs) than patients who took lithium or were medication-naive. BD patients who took lithium had better performance and faster RTs than medication-naive patients. The medication-naive BD group exhibited greater disturbances than all other groups. Conclusion: These findings highlight the reliability of the face perception task used herein and may be important for public health initiatives and follow-up studies that seek to understand the diverse effects of other variables that can affect sensory processing in this population.

A Systematic Review of Attendance Systems based on Face Recognition

In this digital era, face recognition system plays a vital role in almost every sector. Face recognition is one of the most implemented biometrics across various different fields. Classroom attendance check is a contributing factor to student participation and the final success in the courses. Every institute follows their own way for taking attendance. Some are taking attendance manually using papers or a register file or different biometric techniques. Taking attendance by calling out names or passing around an attendance sheet is time-consuming, and the latter is open to easy fraud. In this paper, the comparative analysis of various existing approaches on attendance management system based on facial recognition that are used to monitor attendance in various institutions using Fingerprint, GPS, RFID etc. is discussed with their limitations.

Glasses-free Three Dimensional Endoscopic Display System with Multi-face Detection / 中国医疗器械杂志

The glasses-free three dimensional(3D) endoscopic display system provides the surgeon with the depth information of the minimally invasive surgery scene obtained from the binocular perspective, which can effectively relieve the surgeon's posture fatigue and visual fatigue during the long-term surgery, and assist in the operation of surgical instruments more accurately to reduce the damage to the surrounding tissues of the operation area. However, the glasses-free 3D display device currently has the problem of a narrow optimal viewing zone and easy crosstalk, especially in the surgical teaching application scenario, which performs poorly. In order to overcome the limitation of the narrower field of view, we introduce deep learning algorithms to detect and locate multiple faces, fine-tune the 3D display grating of the endoscope, rearrange pixels, and change the best view area, so that more people can get the best view. The experimental results show that the face detection accuracy of the method is 97.88%, and the detection time is 135 frames/ms, which achieves high accuracy while maintaining real-time performance.

Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on emotional face perception over brain right dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex in college students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate whether modulating the activation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC) by transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS) can influence emotional perception. Meth-ods Seventy-eight undergraduates were randomly divided into four groups by simple random sampling meth-od. TDCS (1. 5 mA) noninvasive technique was used to test group 1 (n=23) for 3 minutes to intervene in DLPFC,group 2 (n=17) for 15 minutes to intervene in DLPFC,group 3 (n=20) for 3 minutes to intervene in primary visual cortex,and group 4 (n=18) for non-emotional picture test. The data were analyzed with re-peated measurement variance analysis. Results (1) The interaction between short-term(3 min) stimula-tion of tDCS and facial expression was statistically significant (F(1,22)=7. 448,P=0. 012). There was signifi- cant difference in positive face perception (before:70. 58%,period:74. 75%,P=0. 036) and no significant difference in negative face perception (before:70. 58%,period:70. 73%,P=0. 569). (2) There was no sig-nificant difference in the correlation between prolonged tDCS stimulation(15 min) and face expression recog-nition ( F (1,16)= 1. 621, P=0. 221). (3) The primary visual cortex was not affected by anodal tDCS (F(1,19)<1,P>0. 05). (4) There was no significant difference in the interaction between tDCS and facial ex-pression (F(1,17)=2. 566,P=0. 128) when visual stimulus was changed to non-expressive faces. Conclu-sions By applying tDCS technique,the present findings suggest that modulating DLPFC can influence emo-tional face perception,and support the valence-specific lateralization of emotional perception.