Cidade de Deus em 360º / City of God in 360º

Neste artigo, o filme Cidade de Deus, de Fernando Meirelles, é o disparador de uma reflexão sobre a barbárie nas periferias brasileiras. Capturado em sua trama narrativa, o espectador de classe média é incitado a deslocar-se de uma posição passiva, na medida em que é enlaçado na violência que o filme denuncia. Do ponto de vista metodológico, esta análise fílmica consiste em uma pesquisa psicanalítica sustentada no modo como Freud escuta uma obra visual em O Moisés de Michelangelo. Nesse sentido, um elemento formal da composição de Cidade de Deus - uma panorâmica de 360º - parece aludir ao genocídio da juventude negra do país. A partir de uma leitura psicanalítica, sugerimos que esse circuito de repetição indica o filicídio na cultura: o extermínio de novas gerações orquestrado por estruturas de poder com o intuito de sustentar posições de gozo. No circuito mortífero em que são tragados jovens negros brasileiros de periferia, trata-se de descrever o que se repete, regularmente, mas também as possibilidades de inscrição de uma diferença.(AU)

In this paper, the film City of God, by Fernando Meirelles, is the trigger for a reflection on barbarism in Brazilian outskirts. Captured in its narrative plot, the middle-class spectator is encouraged to move from a passive position, insofar as he is entangled in the violence that the film denounces. From a methodological point of view, this film analysis consists of a psychoanalytic research supported on the way Freud listens to a visual work in The Moses of Michelangelo. In this sense, a formal element of the City of God's composition - a 360º panoramic view - seems to allude to the genocide of the country's black youth. From a psychoanalytical reading, we suggest that this circuit of repetition indicates the filicide in culture: the extermination of new generations orchestrated by power structures in order to sustain positions of jouissance. In the deadly circuit in which young black Brazilian people from the periphery are swallowed, it is a matter of describing what is regularly repeated, but also the possibilities of inscribing a difference.(AU)

En este artículo, la película Ciudad de Dios, de Fernando Meirelles, es el detonante de una reflexión sobre la barbarie en las periferias brasileñas. Atrapado en su trama narrativa, se anima al espectador de clase media a moverse desde una posición pasiva, en la medida en que se enreda en la violencia que denuncia la película. Desde un punto de vista metodológico, este análisis fílmico consiste en una investigación psicoanalítica basada en la forma en que Freud escucha una obra visual en El Moisés de Miguel Ángel. En este sentido, un elemento formal de la composición de Ciudad de Dios -una vista panorámica de 360º- parece aludir al genocidio de la juventud negra del país. Desde una lectura psicoanalítica, sugerimos que este circuito de repetición indica el filicidio en la cultura: el exterminio de nuevas generaciones orquestado por estructuras de poder para sostener posiciones de goce. En el circuito mortal en el que son tragados los jóvenes negros brasileños de la periferia, se trata de describir lo que se repite regularmente, pero también las posibilidades de inscribir una diferencia.(AU)

Mujeres Filicidas: Análsis desde una perspectiva psicojurídica / Filicidal women: Analysis from a psycho-legal perspective

Resumen El presente escrito tiene por objetivo, identificar si existe una perspectiva psicojurídica del delito de homicidio de una madre hacia sus hijos (Filicidio) y sus características principales. Se trata de una revisión documental, en la cual se seleccionaron 67 artículos entre los años 2005-2017 en idiomas inglés y español, de bases de datos como; Science Direct, Redalyc, MedLine, PubMed, Scielo. Como resultado de esta revisión no se encontró ningún documento que contenga un enfoque desde la psicología jurídica que aborde este delito. Se propuso clasificar esta conducta punible según dos tipologías en las cuales se tiene en cuenta, la motivación de la agresora y características de la víctima, se consideran varios vacíos en las leyes, lo cual pretende trazar un camino para investigaciones desde esta área, que puedan contribuir a la prevención y mitigación de este tipo de hechos y aportar a futuras políticas publicas

Abstract This paper aims to identify if there is a psycho-juridical perspective of the crime of homicide of a mother towards her children (Filicide) and its main characteristics. It is a documentary review, in which 67 articles were selected between the years 2005-2017 in English and Spanish, databases such as; Science Direct, Redalyc, MedLine, PubMed, Scielo. As a result of this review we did not find any document that contains a legal psychology approach that addresses this crime. It was proposed to classify this punishable conduct according to two typologies in which the motivation of the aggressor and characteristics of the victim are considered, several gaps are considered in the laws, which intends to chart a way for investigations from this area, that can Contribute to the prevention and mitigation of this type of events and contribute to future public politics

Indignação: entre o fim da ingenuidade e o prenúncio da tragédia / Indignation: between the end of naivety and the beginning of tragedy

O presente trabalho consiste num exercício psicanalítico inspirado na leitura do livro Indignação de Phillip Roth (2008). Seu principal objetivo é discutir, à luz da teoria do campo psicanalítico, a organização de um campo geracional crivado de conflitos que conduzem o herói do romance a um desfecho trágico. Inspirados na teoria do campo (Baranger & Baranger, 1961-62), os autores introduzem o tema proposto a partir de duas falas dos protagonistas da trama construída por Roth, como se estivessem se apresentando em uma sessão psicanalítica. No seguimento, apresentam algumas considerações sobre a obra e seu autor e sobre o campo criado entre o leitor e o processo de leitura. Por fim, buscam explorar, estimulados pela riqueza dramática da leitura do romance, alguns aspectos psicanalíticos sobre a trajetória do herói, cujo afastamento deliberado do convívio familiar é um disfarce inconsciente para a dificuldade de enfrentar o confronto geracional. As hipóteses psicanalíticas de filicídio e simbiose pai-filho são consideradas(AU)

This paper is a psychoanalytic exercise encouraged by the reading of the book Indignation by Philip Roth (2008). In light of the psychoanalytic field theory, the authors discuss the organization of a conflictual generational field that eventually leads the novel's hero to a tragic outcome. Inspired by field theory (Baranger & Baranger, 1961-62), they start by imagining how the two main characters of the book would talk about themselves to an analyst in a psychoanalytic session. Next, some thoughts about Phillip Roth and his work are presented, as well as the field that was created between the reader and the reading process. Finally, moved by the dramatic richness of the novel, the authors investigate some of the psychoanalytical aspects about the hero´s trajectory, whose deliberate departure from his family was an unconscious disguise for the difficulty in facing the generational confrontation. The hypotheses of filicide and father-son symbiosis are considered.(AU)

El presente trabajo consiste en un ejercicio psicoanalítico inspirado en la lectura del libro Indignación, de Phillip Roth (2008). Su principal objetivo es discutir, a la luz de la teoría del campo psicoanalítico, la organización de un campo generacional minado de conflictos que conducen al héroe de la novela a un desenlace trágico. Inspirados en la teoría del campo (Baranger & Baranger, 1961- 62), los autores introducen el tema propuesto a partir de dos intervenciones de los protagonistas del argumento construido por Roth como si estuvieran presentándose en una sesión psicoanalítica. Acto seguido, plantean algunas consideraciones sobre la obra y su autor y sobre el campo creado entre el lector y el proceso de lectura. Por último, buscan explorar, estimulados por la riqueza dramática de la lectura de la novela, algunos aspectos psicoanalíticos sobre la trayectoria del héroe, cuyo alejamiento deliberado de la convivencia familiar es un disfraz inconsciente de la dificultad de enfrentar el conflicto generacional. Las hipótesis de filicidio y simbiosis padre-hijo son manejadas

Analysis of Parricide and Filicide in Korea / 대한법의학회지

Parricide, the crime of murdering a parent, accounts for about 5% of all homicides. Filicide is the crime of murdering one's own child. This study aimed to review demographic features and criminal characteristics of individuals who committed parricide and filicide in Republic of Korea (ROK). This study is based on data from the Korea Police Crime Analysis System, from 2006~2013. We assessed the diverse characteristics of both victims and perpetrators. Over the selected period, 381 parents were killed by their children and 230 children were killed by parents in the ROK. Parricides caused by schizophrenic murders accounted for 39.6% of all cases. Moreover, approximately 44.4% of the perpetrators attempted suicide following the maternal filicide. In our findings, psychiatric illness was a very important predictor in parricide, and these further suggest that young mothers with severe mental illness require careful monitoring by mental health support service.

Cuidar no como una buena madre: análisis de un niño de 5 años con serios problemas de conducta / Taking care not like a good mother: analysis of a five-year-old child with a serious conduct problem

Existen formas de maltrato infantil que culturalmente no se consideran como tales por ser aparentemente inofensivas, pero que Raskovsky (1975[1970]) llama formas atenuadas del filicidio. Aunque sus efectos varían de acuerdo con las circunstancias particulares, puede suponerse que para el aparato psíquico representan un exceso de Qή (Freud, 1895) que debe expulsar por cualquier medio: a menudo, conductas agresivas. Aquí se presenta el caso de un niño de 5 años sometido al enojo de la madre, quien lo dejaba inerme ante su tensión o la intensificaba con sus regaños, dejándolo así sin la posibilidad de metabolizar dicha tensión. En este trabajo se analiza la historia del niño y sus producciones en sesiones de observación y tratamiento siguiendo la línea de Bleichmar (1993, 1999).

There are forms of child mistreatment that culturally are not considered as such by being seemingly harmless, but Raskovsky (1975[1970]) called them attenuated forms of filicide. Although its effects vary according to particular circumstances, it may be supposed that it means an excess of Qή (Freud, 1895) for the psychic apparatus that must be drained out anyhow: often, through aggressive behavior. Here we report the case of a 5 years old boy exposed to the mother’s anger; she left him helpless against his tension states or intensified them through her scolding, leaving no chance to metabolize the tension. This paper analyzes the child history and his productions through observation ant treatment sessions following Bleichmar’s (1993, 1999) views.

A Psychiatric Review on Filicide / 대한법의학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Filicide, the murder of a child by his or her own parent, is a multifaceted phenomenon with diverse causes and characteristics. This study aimed to review the present state of knowledge regarding demographic, psychosocial, clinical, and legal characteristics of filicide. METHODS: Domestic and International database were systematically searched with keyword of "filicide" for studies published until October, 2010, in English or Korean. Of the 107 searched articles, those that were overlapped in contents or out of the scope of this review were excluded. Finally, total 88 literatures were included in this review. RESULTS: The characteristics of the parents who committed filicide varied greatly by the type of the sample enrolled in studies. The results of the review suggested that little is known about the factors that confer victimization risk to children. The legal punishment was also different by nations. CONCLUSION: Given the range of capability of filicide, mental health professionals should be alert to the possibility of filicide in a variety of parents. A systematic and more focused research to elucidate reliable predictors of filicide is needed to better prevent these tragic events.

Caracterización psiquiátrica del delito de parricidio: [revisión] / Psychiatric characterization of parricide: [review]

In Chile, legally commits parricide the one that, knowing the relationships that binds them, kills his/her father, mother or child, or any other of his/her ascendants or descendants, or spouse or couple. It is a rare crime, being around 4 percent of the homicides. The objective of this review is to characterize parricide psychiatrically, which is done basically using international literature. There are different profiles of parricides depending on the characteristics of the situation in which the crime is committed. The most frequent profile is that of a young male adult, with acute psychotic pathology, associated to drug and alcohol abuse. A second type is represented by adolescents in three situations: the severely abused child, the severely mentally ill child, and the dangerously antisocial child. To kill own children is a form of parricide as well, and there are differences between the psychiatric profiles of neonaticide, infanticide and filicide committers. Femicide is the murder of women committed by men on grounds of gender, and legally constitutes parricide. The most frequent is the intimate femicide, and it is associated with prior violence and drug and alcohol abuse. Parricide, even though it is an infrequent event, it is an important fact between psychiatric patients, being, in consequence, very relevant for the psychiatrist and mental health workers, the knowledge of this issue.

En Chile, legalmente, comete parricidio el que, conociendo las relaciones que los ligan, mate a su padre, madre o hijo, a cualquier otro de sus ascendientes o descendientes o a su cónyuge o conviviente. Es un delito poco frecuente, siendo alrededor del 4 por ciento de los homicidios. El objetivo de esta revisión es caracterizar psiquiátricamente el parricidio, lo que se realiza principalmente en base a la literatura internacional. Se describen distintos perfiles parricidas según las características de la situación en que se comete el crimen. El perfil más frecuente sería el del adulto varón, joven, con patología psicótica descompensada asociada a consumo de drogas y alcohol. Un segundo perfil parricida estaría representado por adolescentes en tres situaciones: el joven gravemente maltratado, el joven gravemente enfermo mental, y el joven peligrosamente antisocial. Dar muerte a los hijos es también una forma de parricidio y existirían diferencias en los perfiles psiquiátricos de los hechores de neonaticidio, infanticidio, y filicidio. El femicidio es el homicidio cometido por hombres en contra de mujeres por razones de género, y legalmente constituye parricidio. El más frecuente es el femicidio íntimo, y estaría asociado a violencia previa y abuso de alcohol y drogas. El delito de parricidio, aunque sea de baja frecuencia en la población general, es un hecho relativamente mayor entre los pacientes psiquiátricos, siendo para el médico psiquiatra y los trabajadores de la salud mental de suma relevancia el conocimiento de este tema.

A “via sacra” do filicídio no processo analítico / La “vía sacra” del filicide en el proceso analítico / The “via sacra” of the child’s murder on the psychoanalytical process

Os autores se propõem a repensar a vigência do pensamento freudiano a respeito da importância do inconsciente do analista e, por conseguinte, sua análise pessoal no processo analítico. Diante dessa premissa, focalizam as consequências tanáticas no exercício de sua função, quando não se dá por parte do analista a aquisição de uma “determinada condição psicológica em alto grau”. Tomam como escopo o acontecer simbólico do filicídio. Postulam que o destino de toda a transferência que seja perpetuada pelo repúdio ao feminino do analista determinará o assassinato da autonomia do analisando. Assim sendo, ratificam o caráter interminável de toda a análise e a importância de que cada analista não viva, somente, como uma injúria narcísica o seu desejo e/ou a necessidade de voltar ao divã.

Los autores se proponen a repiensar la validez del pensamiento freudiano a cerca de la importancia del inconsciente del analista y, por lo tanto, su análisis personal en el proceso analítico. Delante de esta premisa enfocan las consecuencias tanáticas en el ejercicio de su función, cuando no ocurre por parte del analista la adquisición de una “determinada condición psicologica en alto grado”. Toman como objectivo el suceder simbólico del filicide. Demandan que la destinación de toda la transferencia, de que es perpetuada por la renegación del femenino del analista, determinará el asesinato de la autonomía del paciente en análisis. De esta forma ratifican el carácter interminable de todo el análisis y la importancia de que cada analista no viva, solamente, como una injuria narcísica su deseo y/o la necesidad de volverse al diván.

The authors propose to rethink the validity of Freud’s ideas about the importance of the analyst’s unconscious and, after all, his personal analysis on the psychoanalytical process. Facing this premise, they focus on the tanatic consequences of their work, when it doesn’t happen on the analyst the acquisition of a “certain psychological condition in a high degree”. They take as a target the symbolic happening of the child’s murder. Postulate that the destination of all transference, that is perpetuated by the rejection of the analyst’s feminine, will determinate the murder of the analysand autonomy. Therefore, they enforce the endless character of every analysis and the importance that every analyst doesn’t live with the narcissic injury of his desire and/or the need to go back to the couch.

Cómo prevenir el filicidio materno / Mothers who kill: perspectives on the act and its prevention

El tema del filicidio materno siempre provoca una fuerte respuesta emocional. Ya sea que genere sentimientos de simpatía o de rechazo, en la mayoría queda el interrogante de por qué las madres se ven impulsadas a matar a sus propios hijos y qué se puede hacer para evitar estos crímenes. Este artículo se centrará en las características de las madres que cometen actos filicidas. Consideraremos el papel de la madre en la historia del filicidio. En un intento por aclarar los rasgos comunes entre las madres filicidas, se revisará la literatura reciente. Además, compararemos la investigación sobre las madres que matan a sus hijos con aquella de sus análogos masculinos. Por último, ofreceremos sugerencias que ayuden a la prevención de actos filicidas futuros.

The topic of maternal filicide inevitably provokes a strong emotional response. Whether it engenders feelings ofsympathy or disgust, most people are left wondering whymothers may be driven to kill their own children and whatcan be done to prevent these crimes. This article will focuson characteristics of mothers who commit filicidal acts.Women’s role in the history of filicide will be considered.In an attempt to clarify traits common among filicidal mothers, the recent literature will be reviewed. Inaddition, research on mothers who kill their children will be compared to that of their male counterparts. Finally, suggestions will be offered to assist in the prevention offuture filicidal acts.

Filicídio: de Medéia a Maria / Filicide: from Medea to Mary

O filicídio é a manifestação extremada da violência doméstica contra a criança. Visando estudar o tema e chamar a atenção para a sua importância, os autores apresentam a descrição de uma perícia psiquiátrico-forense realizada no Instituto Psiquiátrico Forense Dr. Maurício Cardoso, de Porto Alegre, referente a um caso de duplo filicídio, seguido de tentativa de suicídio. O contexto jurídico em relação ao delito de filicídio é brevemente apresentado, assim como uma revisão de literatura do tema. É destacado o papel da doença mental grave como fator associado a certos casos de conduta filicida e sublinhada a relevância do diagnóstico precoce e da implementação de medidas terapêuticas adequadas. Os autores assinalam a necessidade do olhar atento dos agentes de saúde mental para a identificação de casos indicativos de violência contra a criança, uma vez já ser conhecida a tendência à subnotificação desses casos.

Filicide is the extreme domestic violence against the child. To study the subject and draw attention to its importance, the authors present the description of a forensic-psychiatric investigation that was performed at Instituto Psiquiátrico Forense Dr. Maurício Cardoso, in Porto Alegre, Brazil. This investigation refers to a double filicide followed by a suicide attempt. The legal context and a literature review on the subject are briefly presented in this work. The role of severe mental disease is stressed as a factor associated with certain cases of filicide behavior. The authors report the importance of early diagnosis and the need to implement appropriate treatment. Attention by mental health professionals is necessary to identify likely cases of violence against the child, since these cases are known to be underreported.

Historias de mujeres filicidas inimputables por enfermedad mental / Histories of unimputable filicidal women due to mental illness

Objetivo: el objetivo general del presente trabajo es analizar historias de mujeres filicidas inimputables por enfermedad mental y determinar si existe una caracterización de este grupo, si el hecho tiene sentido y si se inscribe en las historias personales y familiares. Métodos: investigación de tipo cualitativo mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a mujeres filicidas del programa de inimputables del Ministerio de la Protección Social de Colombia. Desde 1997 al primer semestre de 2003, ocho casos son analizados. Se realizó entrevista, grabación de audio y posterior categorización según método deductivo e inductivo. Se presentan viñetas clínicas, datos generales y análisis de casos de tipo cualitativo. Se excluyeron mujeres imputables o en fase probatoria del proceso judicial. Las mujeres firmaron consentimiento informado, los datos obtenidos son confidenciales y no se utilizarán en los procesos, los cuales ya han sido fallados. Resultados: las pacientes de la muestra presentan las siguientes características: edad adulta (promedio 26,5 años), baja escolaridad, dependencia a figura masculina, devaluación de rol femenino, historia de maltrato y ausencia o muerte de alguno de los padres. Se presentan dos casos de filicidio múltiple y uno de neonaticidio. Las características de los menores son variables, desde hijos deseados, hijo único (1 caso), multiparidad (7 casos) hasta hijos no deseados. Las víctimas son de ambos géneros por igual. Conclusión: no existe un perfil único de la madre, del hijo o del tipo de delito.

Objective: The main objective of this work is to analyse the histories of filicidal women who are unimputable due to mental illness, and also to determine if there is a characterization in this group of women, if there is a meaning to the act, and if it fits in personal and family histories. Methods: This is a qualitative investigation by means of semi-structured interviews of filicidal women in the unimputables’ program of the Ministry of Social Protection in Colombia. Eight cases are analysed from 1997 to 2003. Personal interviews, audio taping and further categorisation by deductive and inductive methods was performed. Cases are shown with clinical vignettes, general data and qualitative analysis. Imputable women or cases not yet judged were excluded. The women signed an informed consent form, and data was kept confidential and will not be used in the legal process. Results: This sample was characterized by adult age (mean 26.5 years), low education level, dependence on a masculine figure, devaluation of the feminine role, history of childhood abuse, and death or absence of one or both parents. Two multiple filicide cases are shown and one case of neonaticide; child characteristics vary from wanted to unwanted pregnancies, and from only child to children with siblings. Victims are of both genders equally. Conclusion: There is not an only profile of mother, child, or type of crime.

A case study: Filicide.

Infanticide has been classified into two groups-neonaticide and filicide. A case study of filicide had been demonstrated by psychotic woman in Suratthani. She was investigated as throwing her own baby from the window. The psychological test revealed that she was thought – disordered and withdrawal. She also had an evidence to make an attempt on her first baby.