Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en familiares de primer grado de mujeres con síndrome de ovario poliquístico / Cardiovascular Risk Factors in First-Degree Relatives of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Introducción: El síndrome de ovario poliquístico es una entidad que, más allá de las afectaciones reproductivas que lo caracterizan, constituye un factor de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular. Esto último, adquiere mayor relevancia debido a que ha aumentado en la mujer que padece el síndrome y también en sus familiares. Objetivo: Demostrar que los familiares de primer grado de las mujeres con el síndrome de ovario poliquístico tienen mayor frecuencia de trastornos del metabolismo hidrocarbonado, dislipidemia y resistencia a la insulina. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal con 36 familiares de primer grado de mujeres con y sin síndrome de ovario poliquístico. Se les realizó un examen físico para comprobar el peso, la talla y la tensión arterial para descartar hipertensión en el momento de la inclusión. Resultados: La media del índice HOMA-IR en el grupo de estudio fue de 3,3 y en el de control 2,4. La prueba de tolerancia a la glucosa de 2 horas diagnosticó una glucosa alterada en ayunas a 9 familiares, 5 (55,6 por ciento) del grupo de estudio y 4 (44,4 por ciento), del grupo control. Hubo 7 familiares a los que se les detectó una tolerancia a la glucosa alterada, 6 (85,7 por ciento) familiares de mujeres con el síndrome y 1 (14,3 por ciento), del grupo control. Conclusiones: Los factores de riesgo cardiovasculares clásicos estudiados son más frecuentes en los familiares de mujeres con síndrome de ovario poliquístico que en los familiares de mujeres sin dicha enfermedad(AU)

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome is an entity that, beyond the reproductive affectations that characterize it, constitutes a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This aspect acquires greater relevance because the associated entity is not only increasing among the women who suffers from the syndrome, but also among their family members. Objective: To show that first-degree relatives of women with polycystic ovary syndrome present a higher frequency of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out with 36 first-degree relatives of women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome. They underwent physical examination to check their weight, height and blood pressure, in order to rule out hypertension at the time of inclusion. Results: The mean HOMA-IR index was 3.3 in the study group and 2.4 in the control group. The two-hour glucose tolerance test permitted to diagnose impaired fasting glucose in nine relatives, five (55.6 percent) from the study group and four (44.4 percent) from the control group. Seven relatives were reported with impaired glucose tolerance, six (85.7 percent) relatives of women with the syndrome and one (14.3 percent) from the control group. Conclusions: The classic cardiovascular risk factors studied are more frequent in the relatives of women with polycystic ovary syndrome than in the relatives of women without this disease(AU)

Assessment of endothelial dysfunction in young healthy first-degree relatives with family history of premature coronary artery disease using vascular doppler ultrasonography

Background: Endothelial dysfunction in young healthy first-degree relatives with family history of premature coronary artery disease was assessed in the present study using vascular doppler ultrasonography.Methods: Thirty young (10-40 years) first degree relatives of 17 patients with premature CAD without risk factors were selected for the study. Age and gender matched healthy subjects were enrolled as controls. Non- invasive assessment of endothelial dysfunction was done by vascular doppler study of brachial artery. Brachial artery diameter, velocity and blood flow were estimated in every study subject and control at rest, after stress and again at rest and after glyceryl-trinitrate (GTN) by vascular Doppler ultrasonography.Results: The percent rise in lumen diameter of brachial artery after stress i.e. reactive hyperaemia, labelled as percent rise in flow mediated dilatation (FMD), was significantly lower in family history group than in controls (8.42±3.47% vs 12.22±4.31%, p<0.05). The statistically significant difference in percent rise in FMD was observed to be consistent across different ages/genders (p<0.05). The mean percent rise in FMD among family history group with positive maternal history (8.06±3.65) was lower as compared to those with positive paternal history (8.57±3.12), but the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05).Conclusions: Apparently healthy young subjects with family history of premature CAD have impaired endothelium dependent FMD in systemic circulation. Simple, non-invasive, cost-effective vascular doppler ultrasonography is recommended as a potential screening tool to detect subclinical atherosclerosis.

Pulse wave analyzed cardiovascular parameters in young first degree relatives of type 2 diabetics- a cross-sectional study

Background First degree relatives (FDR) of type 2 diabetic (T2D) are predisposed for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) which accelerates cardiovascular aging. Pulse wave analysis (PWA) gives non-invasive measurement of central hemodynamics like central blood pressure (cBP), cardiac output (CO), stroke work (SW) and vascular stiffness like pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index at heart rate 75 (AIx@75). Objective To study PWA derived cardiovascular parameters in FDRs of T2D as compared to controls. Materials and methods We enrolled 117 FDRs of T2D and 117 matched controls for a cross-sectional study. We performed PWA using Mobil-o-Graph (IEM, Germany) by oscillometric method to derive cardiovascular parameters which were compared and correlated for significance. P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Gender, age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), physical activity were comparable between groups. FDRs of T2D had significantly higher blood pressure (brachial-systolic 125 vs 118, diastolic 80 vs 77, mean 100 vs 96 mmHg and central- systolic 113 vs 105, diastolic 82 vs 79, pulse pressure 31 vs 28 mmHg), SW (98 vs 90 g m/bt), rate pressure product (RPP- 113 vs 107), PWV (5.14 vs 4.89 m/s), AIx@75 (30 vs 27) than control. Dependant variables correlated with brachial BP more than age or anthropometric variables. Result did not differ by maternal or paternal inheritance in case group. Conclusions Young, sedentary, non-obese FDRs of T2D have adverse cardiovascular profile which is suggested to worsen before or with onset of T2DM and definitely need attention for life style modification as primary prevention.

Gastrointestinal cancer influenced by genetic effect of cancer history of first-degree relatives / 上海预防医学

[Objective] To compare the influence of first-degree relatives' cancer history on the genetic tendency of gastric and colorectal cancer. [Methods] Patients with gastric and colorectal cancer from six towns of Suzhou City were investigated by means of face-to-face survey based on the "Family History and History of Population Diseases Questionnaire"which included general conditions, family composition and cancer occurrence of all their three degree relatives. [Results] If there were first-degree relatives with history of cancer, individual risk of gastric cancer would be higher than that of colorectal cancer by 55％, with the adjusted OR (95％ CI) being 1.551 (1.021, 2.356). If there were first-degree relatives with history of digestive tract cancer, the risk of the subject would increase to 104％, with the adjusted OR (95％CI) being 2.037 (1.279, 3.246). Men with first-degree relatives who had cancer history was at91％ higher risk of developing gastric cancer than colorectal cancer, with the adjusted OR (95％CI) being1.911 (1.080, 3.381). And for history of digestive tract cancer, the risk would reach 156％, with the adjusted OR (95％ CI) being 2.559 (1.337, 4.897). The number of cancers suffered by first-degree relatives of those patients with gastric cancer was higher than that of patients with colorectal cancer, with Z =-6.873, P<0.001, while the number of digestive tract cancer was also higher, with Z =-6.137, P<0.001. [Conclusion] The history of cancer and digestive tract cancer with first-degree relatives, is more common in patients with gastric cancer than with colorectal cancer. It is necessary to focus health education on men with first-degree relatives suffering from cancer or digestive tract cancer and suggest some changes in their living habits and regular medical examinations to reduce the occurrence of gastric cancer.

Analysis of follow-up results one year after initial screening in high-risk area of nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:To observe the differences in the dynamic change of the EB virus antibody between general population and first-degree relatives (FDR) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients during follow-up study one year after initial screening and discuss the difference among the nasopharyngeal carcinoma detections. Methods: Serologic data of all subjects that participated in the fol-low-up study were collected. Changes in EB virus antibodies were investigated and correlation of these changes with gender and age level was analyzed. Differences in the nasopharyngeal cancer detection rate of different populations were also compared. Results:NA1/IgA negative conversion rate was higher in the family group than in the control group (χ2=20.28, P<0.001). This rate was also higher in both male and female family groups than in the male and female control groups (χ2=22.59, P<0.001;χ2=4.03, P<0.05, respectively). NA1/IgA positive conversion rate was lower in the family group than in the control group (χ2=7.79, P<0.05). Likewise, this rate was lower in both male and female family groups than in the male and female control groups (χ2=9.46, P<0.05;χ2=0.74, P=0.39, respective-ly). VCA/IgA negative conversion rate was higher in the family group than in the control group (χ2=1.90, P<0.001). This rate was also higher in the male and female family groups than in the male and female control groups (χ2=7.50, P<0.05; χ2=no expression, P=0.108, determined by Fish exact test, respectively). VCA/IgA positive conversion rate was higher in the family group than in the control group (χ2=0.10, P=0.70). This rate was again higher in both male and female family groups than in the male and female control groups (χ2=0.02, P=0.90,χ2=0.51, P=0.48, respectively). Ten cases from the control group manifested nasopharyngeal carcinoma;the same disease was not observed in the family group. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection rate was significantly higher in the control group than in the family group, but the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=1.05, P=0.31). Conclusion:a. Reactivation of the EB virus is not closely linked with genetic factors. b. The detection rate of NPC in FDR was lower compared with the general population after initial screening;thus, the rule of selective follow-up is not applicable for FDR.

Greater prevalence of seropositivity for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody in unaffected first-degree relatives in multicase rheumatoid arthritis-affected families

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study determined the prevalence and determinants of seropositivity for rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody, and anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin (anti-MCV) antibody in unaffected first-degree relatives (FDRs) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. METHODS: A total of 337 subjects (135 with RA and 202 FDRs) were enrolled in this case-control study. Serum RF, anti-CCP antibody, and anti-MCV antibody were assayed. Subjects in multicase families (> or = 2 affected FDRs within the same family) were identified. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors associated with RA-related autoantibodies. RESULTS: Seropositivity for RF, anti-CCP antibody, or anti-MCV antibody was detected in 14.4%, 5.0%, or 13.4% of unaffected FDRs, respectively. Anti-CCP antibody seropositivity was more prevalent in FDRs in multicase families (17.8%) than in those not in multicase families (1.3%, p < 0.0001). Significant correlations between RA-associated autoantibodies were detected in the FDR group (between RF and anti-CCP antibody: r = 0.366, p < 0.0001; between RF and anti-MCV antibody: r = 0.343, p < 0.0001; and between anti-CCP antibody and anti-MCV antibody: r = 0.849, p < 0.0001). After adjustment for age and sex, anti-CCP antibody seropositivity in FDRs was significantly associated with being in a multicase family (odds ratio, 49.8; 95% confidence interval, 5.6 to 441.6). CONCLUSIONS: The association between anti-CCP antibody seropositivity in unaffected FDRs and being in a multicase family suggests that genetic and/or environmental factors may increase the risk for RA development in unaffected FDRs.

Frecuencia y caracterización del síndrome metabólico según criterios de la Federación Internacional de Diabetes en familiares de primer grado de personas con diabetes tipo 1 / Frequency and characterization of metabolic syndrome according to the criteria of the International Federation of Diabetes in first degree relatives of persons with type 1 diabetes

Introducción: el síndrome metabólico se ha definido como la asociación de varios factores precursores de enfermedad cardiovascular y de diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de síndrome metabólico, según los criterios de la Federación Internacional de Diabetes en familiares de primer grado de diabéticos tipo 1. Métodos: se seleccionaron 96 adultos y 97 adolescentes, se les aplicó un cuestionario, y se les realizó un examen físico general. Además, se les realizaron determinaciones en ayunas de glucosa, insulina, colesterol, triglicéridos y HDL colesterol, y se calculó el índice de resistencia a la insulina. Resultados: la frecuencia del síndrome metabólico fue mayor en los adultos 17,7 por ciento (17/96) que en los adolescentes 3,09 por ciento (3/97), y la resistencia a la insulina en los adultos fue similar en los sujetos con y sin síndrome metabólico. La historia familiar de enfermedad cardiovascular, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, obesidad, dislipidemia e hipertensión arterial no está asociada con la presencia del síndrome metabólico en los familiares de primer grado de diabéticos tipo 1. Conclusiones: el síndrome metabólico, según los criterios de la Federación Internacional de Diabetes, es más frecuente en los adultos que en los adolescentes familiares de primer grado de diabéticos tipo 1, y la resistencia a la insulina en estos sujetos no está exclusivamente asociada al síndrome metabólico(AU)

Introduction: the metabolic syndrome is defined as the association of some factors causing cardiovascular disease and of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Objective: to determine the frequency of the metabolic syndrome according to the criteria of the International Federation of Diabetes in first degree relatives of persons with type 1diabetes. Methods: ninety six adults and 97 adolescents were selected to apply a questionnaire and a general physical examination. Also, assessment of fast glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol were carried out, estimating the rate of insulin-resistance. Results: the frequency of metabolic syndrome was higher in adults for a 17,7 percent (17/96) than in adolescents for a 3,09 percent (3/97) and the insulin resistance in adults was similar in those subjects with and without metabolic syndrome. The family history of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipemia and high blood pressure is not associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome in first degree relative of persons with type 1 diabetes. Conclusions: the metabolic syndrome, according the criteria of the International Federation of Diabetes, is more frequent in adult persons than in the adolescent first degree relatives of persons with type 1 diabetes and that the insulin resistance in these subjects is not exclusively associated with the metabolic syndrome(AU)

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Adolescents with Family History of Hypertension / 中华高血压杂志

Objective To explore the risk factors of cardiovascular disease in adolescents with a family history of hypertension.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 3874 adolescents ages 13-18 years,with normal BP in 3724 people.Based on family history of hypertension (FH),the cohort of adolescents were dichoto- mized as postive family history (FH~+,n=1145) and negative (FH~-,n=2579).Height,weight,waist circum- ference,hip circumference,blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose(FPG),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) were determined.Results FH~+ adolescents had signifi- cantly higher levels of body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,WHR,FPG,TC and LDL-C(P

Symptom Checklist 90 profile of heroin addicts' the closest relatives / 中国康复理论与实践

@# ObjectiveTo investigate the mental state of the heroin addicts' closest relatives. Methods102 first degree relatives of 60 heroin addicts were measured using Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90). ResultsThe SCL-90 score of somatization (1.73±0.60), depression(1.82±0.65), anxiety (1.80±0.55), mental disorder(1.56±0.49), paranoid(1.60±0.57) and count of positive items (41.41±18.87) were extremely higher than norm. ConclusionHeroin addicts'first degree relatives present some degree of somatization, depression, anxiety, mental disorder and paranoid.

A study on blood lipids and apolipoproteins in type 2 diabetic patients and their normoglycemic first-degree relatives in Chinese type 2 diabetic pedigrees / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of changes in lipids and apolipoproteins (Apo) in type 2 diabetic patients and their normoglycemic first-degree relatives (NFDR). Methods Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), ApoAⅠ, ApoB_ 100 , ApoCⅢ and ApoE were determined in 62 type 2 diabetic patients and 67 NFDR from 29 Chinese type 2 diabetic pedigrees as well as 45 normoglycemic controls without family history of diabetes (NC) in Chengdu city, China. Results (1)TG level was higher in type 2 diabetic patients 〔(1.85?1.31)mmol/L〕 as compared with those in NFDR 〔(1.39?0.91)mmol/L〕 and NC 〔(0.92?0.45)mmol/L〕, and TG level in NFDR was higher as compared with that in NC (all P

Insulin resistance and function of islet ? cell of the first-degree relatives of T2DM with normal glucose tolerance / 中国糖尿病杂志

To investigate the insulin resistance and insulin secretion of the first degree relatives of T2DM with normal glucose tolerance(NGT). The levels of FIns and HOMA-IR in the groups of the parental (n=35) and the maternal (n=58) were higher than that in the group of the paternal (n=42), bwt the IAI and △I_ 30 /△G_ 30 were lower than that in the group of paternal. This suggests the first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes have insulin resistance and impaired first phase insulin secretion in NGT.