Early effectiveness of computer navigation system-assisted transiliac-transsacral screws placement for posterior pelvic ring injuries / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the early effectiveness of transiliac-transsacral screws internal fixation assisted by augmented reality navigation system HoloSight (hereinafter referred to as "computer navigation system") in the treatment of posterior pelvic ring injuries.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was made in the 41 patients with posterior pelvic ring injuries who had been treated surgically with transiliac-transsacral screws between June 2022 and June 2023. The patients were divided into navigation group (18 cases, using computer navigation system to assist screw implantation) and freehand group (23 cases, using C-arm X-ray fluoroscopy to guide screw implantation) according to the different methods of transiliac-transsacral screws placement. There was no significant difference in gender, age, body mass index, causes of injuries, Tile classification of pelvic fracture, days from injury to operation, usage of unlocking closed reduction technique between the two groups ( P>0.05). The time of screw implantation, the fluoroscopy times, the guide wire adjustment times of each screw, and the incidence of complications were recorded and compared between the two groups. The position of the transiliac-transsacral screw was scanned by CT within 2 days after operation, and the position of the screw was classified according to Gras standard.@*RESULTS@#The operation was successfully completed in both groups. The time of screw implantation, the fluoroscopy times, and the guide wire adjustment times of each screw in the navigation group were significantly less than those in the freehand group ( P<0.05). There were 2 cases of incision infection in the freehand group, and the incision healed by first intention after active dressing change; there was no screw-related complication in the navigation group during operation and early period after operation; the difference in incidence of complications between the two groups (8.7% vs. 0) was not significant ( P=0.495). According to the Gras standard, the screw position of the navigation group was significantly better than that of the freehand group ( P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with the traditional freehand method, the computer navigation system assisted transiliac-transsacral screws internal fixation in the treatment of posterior pelvic ring injuries has advantages of improving the accuracy of screw implantation and reducing radiation damage and the time of screw implantation.

Evaluation of 10-minute post-injection 11C-PiB PET and its correlation with 18F-FDG PET in older adults who are cognitively healthy, mildly impaired, or with probable Alzheimer's disease

Objective: Positron emission tomography (PET) allows in vivo evaluation of molecular targets in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Mild cognitive impairment is an intermediate stage between normal cognition and Alzheimer-type dementia. In vivo fibrillar amyloid-beta can be detected in PET using [11C]-labeled Pittsburgh compound B (11C-PiB). In contrast, [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (18F-FDG) is a neurodegeneration biomarker used to evaluate cerebral glucose metabolism, indicating neuronal injury and synaptic dysfunction. In addition, early cerebral uptake of amyloid-PET tracers can determine regional cerebral blood flow. The present study compared early-phase 11C-PiB and 18F-FDG in older adults without cognitive impairment, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and clinical diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease. Methods: We selected 90 older adults, clinically classified as healthy controls, with amnestic mild cognitive impairment, or with probable Alzheimer's disease, who underwent an 18F-FDG PET, early-phase 11C-PiB PET and magnetic resonance imaging. All participants were also classified as amyloid-positive or -negative in late-phase 11C-PiB. The data were analyzed using statistical parametric mapping. Results: We found that the probable Alzheimer's disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment group had lower early-phase 11C-PiB uptake in limbic structures than 18F-FDG uptake. The images showed significant interactions between amyloid-beta status (negative or positive). However, early-phase 11C-PiB appears to provide different information from 18F-FDG about neurodegeneration. Conclusions: Our study suggests that early-phase 11C-PiB uptake correlates with 18F-FDG, irrespective of the particular amyloid-beta status. In addition, we observed distinct regional distribution patterns between both biomarkers, reinforcing the need for more robust studies to investigate the real clinical value of early-phase amyloid-PET imaging.

Kinetic metrics changes of FDG in key organs after chemo-immunotherapy in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer identified by total-body PET/CT dynamic imaging / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To evaluate the kinetic metrics changes of FDG in key organs after chemo-immunotherapy in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) identified by total-body PET/CT dynamic imaging, and explore its potential biological significance.Methods:From August 2020 to March 2021, 16 patients (13 males, 3 females; age: 43-67 years) with locally advanced NSCLC who underwent total-body 18F-FDG PET/CT dynamic imaging in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were retrospectively analyzed. ROIs of key organs were drawn at baseline and after chemo-immunotherapy to obtain the time-activity curves (TACs). The kinetic metrics, including K1, k2, k3 and metabolic rate of FDG (MR FDG), were fitted by the two-tissue compartment model. Paired t test or Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare the differences of FDG kinetic parameters in each organ before and after treatment. Results:Compared with baseline, SUV max of colon (3.23±1.29 vs 4.81±2.73), MR FDG ((2.77±1.96) vs 3.56(1.07, 9.89) μmol·100 g -1·min -1) of lungs, SUV max (2.16±0.27 vs 2.33±0.41), k3 ((0.008±0.002) vs (0.012±0.004) min -1) and MR FDG ((2.65±0.81) vs (3.76±1.59) μmol·100 g -1·min -1) of spleen, and SUV max (2.59±0.45 vs 4.49±2.73), k2 ((0.76±0.37) vs (1.27±0.66) min -1), k3 ((0.032±0.007) vs (0.066±0.029) min -1) and MR FDG ((5.14±1.44) vs (8.39±2.67) μmol·100 g -1·min -1) of bone marrow were increased after chemo-immunotherapy with significant differences ( t values: from -5.40 to 3.47, z=-2.02, all P<0.05). There were no significant differences of SUV max, k values and MR FDG in other organs ( t values: from -2.00 to 2.35, z values: from -1.45 to -0.05, all P>0.05). Conclusions:After chemo-immunotherapy, the activation of immune system may be manifested as the increase of FDG kinetic rate constants in spleen and bone marrow. The lung and colon may be target organs for immune-related adverse effects.

Determination of azide genotoxic impurity in linezolid API and glucose injection by UPLC-MS/MS / 中国药科大学学报

@#A UPLC-MS/MS method was established for the determination of the genotoxic impurity (R)-5-(azidomethyl)-3-[3-fluoro-4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]-2-oxazolidinone in linezolid API and its glucose injection. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) with 0.1% formic acid water-0.1% formic acid acetonitrile (60∶40) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The UPLC-MS/MS was equipped with electrospray ionization in positive ionization mode and multiple reaction monitoring mode. The results showed that the calibration curve was linear in the range of 4-12 ng/mL and the limit of quantification was 0.073 ng/mL.The average recoveries of the low, medium and high concentration (80%,100%,120% limit concentration) loading solutions were 101.14%, 100.59% and 101.47%, respectively (RSDs:0.73%, 1.10% and 0.91%, respectively).The sample solution was stable for 6 d.No genotoxic impurity of (R)-5-(Azidomethyl)-3-[3-fluoro-4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]-2-oxazolidinonewas not detected in the samples of linezolid API and its glucose injection.

Primary Malignant Melanoma of the esophagus in a 39-year-old Filipino male: A case report

@#Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus (PMME) is an exceptionally rare condition, representing a mere 0.1 to 0.2% of esophageal cancers, and accounting for just 0.1 to 0.5% of all melanomas. This case involves a 39 -year-old Filipino male who sought medical attention after an episode of choking. Subsequently, endoscopy with biopsy revealed a mass in the distal third of the esophagus, ultimately diagnosed as PMME based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. FDG-PET/CT scan revealed a hypermetabolic distal esophageal mass and a confluent upper paratracheal lymphadenopathy. He was initially treated with Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, and Ipilimumab immunotherapy. However, post-treatment FDG PET/CT scans unveiled metabolic progression of the esophageal mass with new hypermetabolic cervical lymph nodes, necessitating a shift to carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy. After two cycles, there was a notable metabolic regression of the mass and paratracheal node with metabolic resolution of the cervical lymph node. An additional 2 cycles of chemotherapy were given, aimed to further reduce the size of the tumor, however, a succeeding follow-up study revealed metabolic progression of the mass. Surgical resection of both the esophageal mass and paratracheal nodes became imperative. The aggressive characteristics, metastasis at early diagnosis, and lack of effective treatment have contributed to the poor prognosis of PMME. Total esophagectomy is the preferred method of treatment. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy may be used in advanced diseases but with variable efficacy. The utilization of FDG PET/CT scans plays a crucial role in both the initial staging and the ongoing assessment of treatment response in patients diagnosed with PMME. This advanced imaging modality offers valuable insights into the extent of the disease and aids clinicians in evaluating the effectiveness of the chosen therapeutic interventions. Given the rarity and challenges associated with PMME, a multidisciplinary approach integrating surgical, medical, and imaging strategies is essential for comprehensive patient care.

A review of existing strategies for designing long-acting parenteral formulations: Focus on underlying mechanisms, and future perspectives

The need for long-term treatments of chronic diseases has motivated the widespread development of long-acting parenteral formulations (LAPFs) with the aim of improving drug pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy. LAPFs have been proven to extend the half-life of therapeutics, as well as to improve patient adherence; consequently, this enhances the outcome of therapy positively. Over past decades, considerable progress has been made in designing effective LAPFs in both preclinical and clinical settings. Here we review the latest advances of LAPFs in preclinical and clinical stages, focusing on the strategies and underlying mechanisms for achieving long acting. Existing strategies are classified into manipulation of

Tomografía por emisión de positrones asociada con tomografía computarizada en la estadificación de los linfomas / Positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography for the staging of lymphomas

Introducción: Los estudios de imágenes son esenciales para la estadificación de los linfomas. La utilización de la imagen funcional que proporciona la tomografía por emisión de positrones con 18F-2-deoxi-2-fluoro-D-glucosa asociada a la tomografía computarizada ha cambiado fundamentalmente el concepto de estadificación y reestadificación de los linfomas. Constituye una prueba diagnóstica que ha ganado aceptación universal, sobre todo después de la publicación y adopción de las guías de Lugano. Objetivo: Analizar la importancia que tienen las imágenes que proporciona la tomografía por emisión de positrones con 18F-2-deoxi-2-fluoro-D-glucosa asociada a la tomografía computarizada en la estadificación actual de los linfomas. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, en español y en inglés, de la última década. Se utilizaron los motores de búsqueda de Pubmed, Google y SciELO. Se recolectó y organizó la información siguiendo cronológicamente la aparición de las innovaciones para facilitar la estadificación de los linfomas. Análisis y síntesis de la información: Se hace un recorrido desde la introducción de la tomografía computarizada, la tomografía por emisión de positrones y la asociación de estas, hasta su aplicación en el estudio de los linfomas. Se describe la evolución de los sistemas de clasificación para los linfomas y la utilidad del empleo de la tomografía por emisión de positrones con 18F-2-deoxi-2-fluoro-D-glucosa asociada a la tomografía computarizada en la estadificación de los linfomas. Conclusiones: Es de gran importancia que, en el momento actual, el manejo óptimo de un paciente con linfoma ávido de 18F-2-deoxi-2-fluoro-D-glucosa incluya la estadificación inicial con tomografía por emisión de positrones asociada con tomografía computarizada. Esto permitirá hacer más precisa la etapificación inicial del paciente, optimizar su tratamiento y evaluación de la terapia implementada; así como un mejor pronóstico y evitar estudios invasivos(AU)

Introduction: Imaging studies are essential for staging of lymphomas. The usage of functional imaging provided by positron emission tomography with 18F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose combined with computed tomography has fundamentally changed the concept of staging and re-staging of lymphomas. It constitutes a diagnostic test that has gained universal acceptance, especially after the publication and adoption of the Lugano guidelines. Objective: To analyze the importance of the images provided by positron emission tomography with 18F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose combined with computed tomography in current staging of lymphomas. Methods: A bibliographic review was carried out, in Spanish and in English, within the last decade. We used the search engines of Pubmed, Google, and SciELO. The information was collected and organized by chronologically following the origin of the innovations that facilitate the staging of lymphomas. Information analysis and synthesis: An analysis is carried out from the introduction of computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and the combination of both, to their application in the study of lymphomas. We described the evolution of lymphoma classification systems and the usefulness of positron emission tomography with 18F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose combined with computed tomography for the staging of lymphomas. Conclusions: At the present time, it is of great importance for a patient with lymphoma needing 18F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose to receive optimal management of his or her condition, including initial staging with positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography. This will allow to make the initial staging of the patient more precise, to optimize his or her treatment and evaluation of the implemented therapy, as well as to obtain a better prognosis, avoiding invasive studies(AU)

The application of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in inflammation and infectious disease / 生物医学工程学杂志

2-［ F］-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( F-FDG PET/CT) combining positron emission tomography with computed tomography is used to evaluate the body's glucose metabolic changes under different conditions. In addition to its established role in oncological imaging, F-FDG PET/CT has clinical utility in suspected inflammation and infection. The technique can identify the source of infection in a timely fashion ahead of morphological changes, map the extent and severity of inflammation, guide the site for tissue biopsy and assess therapy response. This article reviewed the use of F-FDG PET/CT in infection and inflammation, such as fever of unknown origin, sarcoidosis, vessel vasculitis, osteomyelitis, joint prosthesis or implant-related complications, human immunodeficiency virus-related infections, and other indications, such as inflammatory bowel disease, so as to provide reference for clinicians to select F-FDG PET/CT to help them in the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Research progress of synthetic methods of ［18F］F-DOPA / 中国药科大学学报

@#［18F］6-fluoro-3, 4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine(［18F］F-DOPA)has been used as a radiotracer for Parkinson′s disease over 30 years. The previously reported electrophilic synthesis method has low radiochemical yield(RCY), low specific activity(SA)and other defects. Recent reported nucleophilic synthesis of ［18F］F-DOPA could overcome the disadvantages. In this paper, the nucleophilic synthetic methods for ［18F］F-DOPA are reviewed.

Novel fluoronucleoside analog NCC inhibits lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus in a hepatocyte model

ABSTRACT Antiviral drug resistance is the most important factor contributing to treatment failure using nucleos(t)ide analogs such as lamivudine for chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Development of a system supporting efficient replication of clinically resistant HBV strains is imperative, and new antiviral drugs are needed urgently to prevent selection of drug-resistant HBV mutants. A novel fluorinated cytidine analog, NCC (N-cyclopropyl-4′-azido-2′-deoxy-2′-fluoro-β-d-cytidine), was recently shown to strongly inhibit human HBV in vitro and in vivo. This study was designed to evaluate the antiviral activity of NCC against lamivudine-resistant HBV. We generated a stable cell line encoding the major pattern of lamivudine-resistant mutations rtL180M/M204V and designated it "HepG2.RL1". Immuno-transmission electron microscopic examination and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect secretion of HBV-specific particles and antigens. Quantification of extracellular DNA and intracellular DNA of HepG2.RL1 cells by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed >625-fold and >5556-fold increases in the 50% inhibitory concentration of lamivudine, respectively, compared with that for the wild-type virus. The results showed that NCC inhibited DNA replication and HBeAg production in wild-type or lamivudine-resistant HBV in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, screening for antiviral compounds active against lamivudine-resistant HBV can be carried out with relative ease using hepG2.RL1 cells. NCC is a potential antiviral agent against wild-type HBV and clinical lamivudine-resistant HBV and deserves evaluation for the treatment of HBV infection.

Prognostic evaluation of different PET/CT reading methods in Hodgkin lymphoma and diffused large B-cell lymphoma / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) has been used as a crucial imaging modality for staging and prognosis evaluation in the patients with lymphoma. Since biological characteristics, treatment responses and prognosis vary in different subtypes of lymphoma, this review mainly focused on progress of 18F-FDG PET/CT evaluation in prognosis of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and diffused large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The significance in prognostic evaluation of interim 18F-FDG PET/CT in HL is well-known, but it still remains controversy in DLBCL. Moreover, the semi-quantitative method of 18F-FDG PET/CT evaluation in lymphoma has bright future.

Outcome in Patients with Fever of Unknown Origin whose ¹⁸Fluoro-Deoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography Finding is Non-Diagnostic / 감염과화학요법

Prognosis has not been known for patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO) whose ¹⁸fluoro-deoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (PET/CT) finding is non-diagnostic. A total of eight patients with FUO that underwent ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT were retrospectively identified January 2016 - June 2017 in a tertiary hospital in Korea. Of these, two patients were diagnosed with microscopic polyangitis and Kikuchi's disease and one patient was transferred to another hospital. Of five patients whose diagnoses were not confirmed, four patients received non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and/or low dose steroid and symptoms disappeared. Our study suggests that outcome of patients with FUO whose ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT finding is non-diagnostic would be favorable.

Outcome in Patients with Fever of Unknown Origin whose ¹⁸Fluoro-Deoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography Finding is Non-Diagnostic / 감염과화학요법

Prognosis has not been known for patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO) whose ¹⁸fluoro-deoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (PET/CT) finding is non-diagnostic. A total of eight patients with FUO that underwent ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT were retrospectively identified January 2016 - June 2017 in a tertiary hospital in Korea. Of these, two patients were diagnosed with microscopic polyangitis and Kikuchi's disease and one patient was transferred to another hospital. Of five patients whose diagnoses were not confirmed, four patients received non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and/or low dose steroid and symptoms disappeared. Our study suggests that outcome of patients with FUO whose ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT finding is non-diagnostic would be favorable.

Cirugía radio-fluoro guiada en los gliomas de alto grado / Radio-fluoro guided surgery in high grade gliomas

El MIBI (99mTc MIBI, methoxyisobutylisonitrile, MIBI, o sestamibi): Tiene una amplia disponibilidad al rico flujo de fotones, que mejora la detección de captación patológica por la gamma sonda, estas propiedades físicas hacen de este radiotrazador el de elección para la cirugía radioguiada. La Fluoresceína Sódica es una sustancia colorante orgánica hidrosoluble utilizada en el examen de los vasos sanguíneos del ojo. Se realiza el reporte de cinco casos diagnosticados con tumor cerebral de alto grado de malignidad, con el objetivo de demostrar que con el uso de la Cirugía Radio-Fluoro-Guiada (CRFG) se puede lograr resecciones tumorales completa sin que se añada mayor déficit, cumpliendo los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. La técnica de CRFG demuestro su utilidad en la resección tumoral total disminuyendo la cantidad de residuo tumoral, sin aumentar la complejidad de la cirugía ni los tiempos quirúrgicos. En nuestro estudio no se evidencio efectos adversos por la administración del radiofármaco y la fluoresceína.

The MIBI (99mTc MIBI, methoxyisobutylisonitrile, MIBI, or sestamibi): is a wide readiness to the rich flow of photons, which improves the detection of pathological uptake with gamma probe, these physical properties make of this radiotracer the election to radioguided surgery. The sodium fluorescein is a water-soluble organic coloring substance used in the exam of the sanguine glasses of the eye. We carried out the report of five cases diagnosed with brain tumor of high grade of malignancy, with the objective to demonstrated that use of Radio-Fluro-guided Surgery (RFGS) we can achieve gross total resections without bigger deficit, completing the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The technique of RFGS demonstrated utility in the gross total resection, diminishing the residual tumor, without increasing surgery complexity and surgical times. In our study doesn’t evidence of adverse effects for the administration of the cadiopharmaceuticals and fluorescein.

Value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in monitoring recurrence and metastasis of small intestinal adenocarcinoma / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of 18F-FDG PET-CT imaging on monitoring recurrence, metastasis and therapeutic decision-making in small intestinal adenocarcinoma patients after radical surgery. Methods Twenty-two patients were enrolled, who underwent surgical operation before received PET-CT scan. PET-CT findings were retrospectively observed to compare with the results of follow-up [postoperative pathology and (or) long-term clinical follow-up]. The roles of PET-CT on therapeutic decision-making were then investigated. Results Among 22 patients, 14 cases were finally diagnosed as recurrence and (or) metastasis, the other 8 cases as disease-free survival after long-term follow-up. According to PET-CT, 13 cases were diagnosed as recurrence and (or) metastasis (including 12 true-positive and 1 false-positive), and 9 cases were negative (including 2 false-negative). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of PET-CT were 85.7 % (12/14), 87.5 % (7/8), 86.4 %(19/22), 92.3%(12/13) and 77.8%(7/9), respectively. The therapeutic decisions were changed in 10 patients (10/22, 45.5 % ) based on PET-CT results. Conclusion 18F-FDG PET-CT has an important clinical value on the detection of recurrence and (or) metastasis of small intestinal adenocarcinoma, which is an ideal method of monitoring.

Cognitive Therapy Combined with Drug Treatment in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease: A Neuropsychological and Positron Emission Tomography Investigation, a Pilot Study

BACKGROUND: Cognitive therapy may have therapeutic benefit in patients with early Alzheimer's disease (AD). CASE REPORT: This was a 12-week, single-blind pilot study of 4 patients with AD. The cognitive therapy included exercises for orientation to time and place; memory training, including face-name association, object recall training, and spaced retrieval; visuo-motor organization using software; similarity and ruled based categorization; and behavior modification and sequencing (e.g., making change, paying bills). The regional cerebral metabolic abnormalities and the effects of treatment on cortical metabolic responses were evaluated using 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (PET). After 12 weeks, the participants showed slight improvement in some neuropsychological measures, and three of them showed increased regional cortical metabolism on brain PET studies. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive therapy may stabilize or improve cognitive and functional performance of patients with early AD and increase regional cortical metabolism of the patients' brain.

Comparative Study of Anticonvulsant Property among Different Fluoro Substituted Synthesized Benzothiazole Derivatives.

Objective: The present study is to evaluate antiepileptic activity of some fluoro benzothiazolo oxadiazolo quinazoline and sulfonamido quinazoline derivatives. Background of the Study: Epilepsy is a chronic disorder of the brain, characterized by the periodic and unpredictable occurrence of seizures. Epilepsies affect around 1–2% of the world population including the fact that the convulsions of approximately 25% of epileptics are inadequately controlled by medication. Materials and Methods: Albino mice (weighing 20-25g) of either sex were used in this study. MES seizures were induced in mice by delivering electroshock of 60ma for 0.2 seconds by means of an electro- convulsiometer transauricularly through a pair of ear clip electrodes. Both test animals and standard group received diazepam (5mg/kg) p.o strychnine nitrate (1 mg/kg) was administered. Results and Discussion: MES induced convulsion the mentioned dose was administered one hour prior to MES elicitation. It was observed that all SSBDs except ap- 7, bz-10 and s-5 shown significant anticonvulsant effect. The results are compiled in the Table 1 and graphically depicted in Figs 1 and 2 respectively. Conclusion: The present investigation revealed that the SSBDS ap-3, ap-6 and bz-9 were shown significant anticonvulsant activity against both MES and strychnine induced models.

A Novel Synthetic Compound 3-Amino-3-(4-Fluoro-Phenyl)-1H-Quinoline-2,4-Dione (KR22332) Exerts a Radioprotective Effect via the Inhibition of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species

PURPOSE: Acute side effects of radiation such as oral mucositis are observed in most patients. Although several potential radioprotective agents have been proposed, no effective agent has yet been identified. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of synthetic compound 3-amino-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-1H-quinoline-2,4-dione (KR22332) as a radioprotective agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cell viability, apoptosis, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential changes, and changes in apoptosis-related signaling were examined in human keratinocyte (HaCaT). RESULTS: KR22332 inhibited irradiation-induced apoptosis and intracellular ROS generation, and it markedly attenuated the changes in mitochondrial membrane potential in primary human keratinocytes. Moreover, KR22332 significantly reduced the protein expression levels of ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein, p53, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha compared to significant increases observed after radiation treatment. CONCLUSION: KR22332 significantly inhibited radiation-induced apoptosis in human keratinocytes in vitro, indicating that it might be a safe and effective treatment for the prevention of radiation-induced mucositis.

A Novel Synthetic Compound 3-Amino-3-(4-Fluoro-Phenyl)-1H-Quinoline-2,4-Dione (KR22332) Exerts a Radioprotective Effect via the Inhibition of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species

PURPOSE: Acute side effects of radiation such as oral mucositis are observed in most patients. Although several potential radioprotective agents have been proposed, no effective agent has yet been identified. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of synthetic compound 3-amino-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-1H-quinoline-2,4-dione (KR22332) as a radioprotective agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cell viability, apoptosis, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential changes, and changes in apoptosis-related signaling were examined in human keratinocyte (HaCaT). RESULTS: KR22332 inhibited irradiation-induced apoptosis and intracellular ROS generation, and it markedly attenuated the changes in mitochondrial membrane potential in primary human keratinocytes. Moreover, KR22332 significantly reduced the protein expression levels of ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein, p53, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha compared to significant increases observed after radiation treatment. CONCLUSION: KR22332 significantly inhibited radiation-induced apoptosis in human keratinocytes in vitro, indicating that it might be a safe and effective treatment for the prevention of radiation-induced mucositis.

Research progress in the diagnostic application of FDG PET/CT imaging in paraneoplastic neurological syndromes / 中国肿瘤临床

Para-neoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) is a series of rare illnesses affecting the nervous system and associated with several malignant tumors. PNS is manifested by various clinical symptoms, which conventionally precede the diagnosis of tumors in months or even years. Although anti-neuronal antibodies can indicate the presence of cancer, numerous false positive and false nega-tive cases are detected. Therefore, the clinical diagnosis of PNS has become a challenge. Position emission tomography/computed to-mography (PET/CT) is an image-fusion method containing anatomical and functional information and can be used to obtain whole-body images by a single scan. Fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging can reveal potential malignant lesions in the whole body and diagnose specific types of cancer. This technology can also be applied to assess functional abnormality in the brain and moni-tor its response to treatment. Furthermore, the mechanism, clinical manifestation, and diagnosis of PNS are introduced in this study. Re-cent applications of FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of PNS are reviewed to improve diagnostic accuracy.