Follicular Proliferative Lesion Arising in Struma Ovarii

Malignant struma ovarii is extremely rare and difficult to diagnose histologically, particularly in cases of follicular carcinoma. This case study is intended to describe three cases of follicular proliferative lesion arising in struma ovarii that we experienced. The first case was clearly malignant given the clinical picture of multiple recurrences, but there was little histological evidence of malignancy. Our second case featured architectural and cellular atypia and necrosis and was diagnosed as malignant despite the absence of vascular and stromal invasion. Our third case exhibited solid microfollicular proliferation without any definite evidence of malignancy (even the molecular data was negative); however, we could not completely exclude malignant potential after conducting a literature review. In cases such as our third case, it has been previously suggested that a diagnostic term recognizing the low-grade malignant potential, such as "proliferative stromal ovarii" or "follicular proliferative lesion arising in the stromal ovarii" would be appropriate.

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Thyroid Follicular Proliferative Lesions / 대한내분비외과학회지

The differential diagnosis of follicular proliferative lesions is sometimes very difficult because these types of lesions share common morphological features. Due to this, even the histological diagnosis of these lesions is also difficult or impossible. Bearing this in mind, some helpful diagnostic methods of fine needle aspiration cytology will be discussed.