CiteSpace knowledge map of research hotspots and frontiers of Polygalae Radix / 中国中药杂志

In this study, the Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) were searched comprehensively for the literature about the research on Polygalae Radix. After manual screening, 1 207 Chinese articles and 263 English articles were included in this study. Excel was used to draw the line chart of the annual number of relevant publications. CiteSpace 6.1.R3 was used for the visual analysis of author cooperation, publishing institutions, keyword co-occurrence, keyword clustering, and bursts in the research on Polygalae Radix. The results showed that the number of articles published in Chinese and English increased linearly, which indicated the rising research popularity of Polygalae Radix. WANG J and LIU X were the authors publishing the most articles in Chinese and English, respectively. Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were the research institutions with the largest number of Chinese and English publications in this field, respectively. The institutions publishing the relevant articles in English formed a system with the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences as the core. According to the keywords, the research hotspots of Polygalae Radix included variety selection and breeding, quality standard, extraction and identification of active chemical components, prescription compatibility, processing, clinical medication rules, and pharmacological mechanism. The research frontiers were the molecular mechanisms of Polygalae Radix and its active components in exerting the protective effect on brain nerve, regulating receptor pathways, alleviating anxiety and Alzheimer's disease, as well as data mining and clinical medication summary. This study has reference significance for the topic selection and frontier identification of the future research on Polygalae Radix.

Exploring Technology Frontiers for Neuroblastoma Treatment from Perspective of Patent Citation Network / 肿瘤防治研究

Objective To explore the technology frontiers for neuroblastoma treatment from the perspective of patent citation network. Methods Through patent analysis for neuroblastoma treatment, highly cited patents and highly cited papers in the citation network were taken as the research objects. The title and abstract of the citing patents were analyzed by text clustering to identify the technology frontiers. Through social network analysis, the core patents were identified from the indices of degree centrality, betweenness centrality, closeness centrality, and eigenvector centrality. Results A total of 6240 patent applications for neuroblastoma treatment were found, including 71304 patent citations and 88698 journal-article citations. Four technology frontiers were identified based on patent citation network, namely, drug target, drug design, tumor-indication expansion, and gene-expression regulation. Three technology frontiers were identified based on journal-article citation network. They were drug target, drug design, and tumor-indication expansion. Conclusion The development of technology for neuroblastoma treatment continues to be active. Drug target and drug design are the most important technology frontiers. This study could provide certain reference for neuroblastoma treatment from the perspective of information science.

Teaching reform and practice of "food enzymology and enzyme engineering" based on cutting-edge researches / 生物工程学报

Food enzymology and enzyme engineering is an important professional course of food science. The course includes the basic theory of enzymology, enzyme engineering technology and the application of enzymes in food industry. Considering the knowledge gap between the teaching contents and the cutting-edge researches, the team constantly adjusted and optimized the course contents to enable students to keep up with state-of-the-art progress by carefully mining the cutting-edge researches. Taking cutting-edge researches as the breakthrough point, we explored the problem-based learning (PBL) teaching model under the guidance of outcome-based education (OBE) concept, and highlighted the importance of the teacher-student and student-student interactions to improve students' enthusiasm and participation. A diversified assessment system was established to evaluate the performance of students in the learning process. The teaching reform consolidated the basic knowledge and expanded the academic frontiers, and fostered students' ability in analyzing problems, designing solutions and achieving team communication. The course may give new insights into the teaching reform of food enzymology and enzyme engineering and other related courses.

Visual analysis of research hotspots and frontiers on randomized controlled trials of acupuncture and moxibustion in the past 10 years / 中国针灸

Retrieved the literature on randomized controlled trials (RCT) of acupuncture and moxibustion from 2011 to 2020 in the Web of Science (WOS) database, and explored research hotspots and frontiers in the field of acupuncture and moxibustion by visually analyze to countries, institutions, authors, keywords, cited literature, etc. using CiteSpace V5.6.R2. A total of 1147 articles were included. China has the largest number of publications, and the top 3 publications are Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University and Kyung Hee University. The hot research interventions in acupuncture and moxibustion include acupuncture, electroacupuncture, and bee acupuncture. The hot research topics include nerve regeneration, spasms, nausea, pain, obesity, cancer, etc. The research frontiers include acupuncture analgesia, diversification of acupuncture and its clinical effects, brain effects of acupuncture and acupuncture clinical mechanisms. It is believed that the cooperation between countries and institutions should be strengthened in the future, and deeper research should be carried out on the research content that is both hot spot and frontier.

Fronteiras do Conhecimento e Saúde Coletiva / Frontiers of Knowledge and Public Health

Resumo O ensaio aborda, de forma breve, um tema bastante atual: fronteiras e limites, em seus desdobramentos para o campo da saúde coletiva. Ressalta, a partir de dezenove resumos, palavras-chave que exemplificam o encaminhamento do tema. Destaca, também, a questão das diferentes "culturas" que permeiam o campo da saúde coletiva e o papel da fragmentação do conhecimento na atualidade, em especial no campo das ciências sociais.

Abstract This essay briefly addresses a decidedly current theme, namely frontiers and boundaries and how these are featured in the field of public health. Based on nineteen abstracts, the essay highlights key words that exemplify the way the theme is addressed, as well as the question of "different cultures" that permeate the field of public health and the role that the fragmentation of knowledge plays today, especially in the area of the social sciences.

Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Pharmaceutical Field ：Visualization Analysis of Literature Based on Web of Science / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the research status，hotspots and frontiers of the artificial intelligence （AI） technology  applicated in pharmaceutical field， and to provide ideas for the development of related research in China. METHODS： Using bibliometric method， relevant journals and proceeding papers from 1998 to 2017 were searched from Web of Science database （“Article” and “Proceeding Paper” as retrieval words）. Using analysis and retrieval results of ISI Web of Knowledge and its function of creating citation report， CiteSpace 5.2.R1 software was employed to draw knowledge map； quantitative statistics and qualitative analysis was conducted to summarized the research volume， co-citation， main research countries/areas， main research  institutions， main researchers， research hotspots and research frontiers in this field. RESULTS： A total of 3 674 related literatures were retrieved， and the number of global published literatures in this field increased rapidly from 1998 to 2017； the dominant nations included America， China， Britain and Germany because of their large number of publications，but China showd an obvious lack of international cooperation and excellent core teams. From the researcher’s point of view， the research in this field was in a state of “partially concentrated and overall dispersed” and lacked team cooperation. The research hotspots contained important core of AI technology （machine learning algorithms） and its application in pharmaceutical field （drug discovery and design）， the classification of disease or adverse drug reaction， the establishment and optimization of pharmaceutical mode， drugs screening or pharmacodynamics prediction， the estbalishment of pharmaceutical database， etc. The recent research frontiers included “molecular docking” “machine learning” “Meta analysis” “precision medicine” “targeted therapy”， etc. CONCLUSIONS： AI applicated in pharmaceutical field is a hot research field with strong timeliness， and its application in the development of pharmaceutical industry is the general trend. However， there is still a gap between the current research level in this field in China and the international frontier research. In order to adapt to the international trend of the combination of AI technology and pharmacy， pharmacists in China should strengthen their cooperation with researchers in AI fields while doing well the basic work of experimental research and clinical trials，etc.

Organic Synthesis: New Vistas in the Brazilian Landscape

ABSTRACT In this overview, we present our analysis of the future of organic synthesis in Brazil, a highly innovative and strategic area of research which underpins our social and economical progress. Several different topics (automation, catalysis, green chemistry, scalability, methodological studies and total syntheses) were considered to hold promise for the future advance of chemical sciences in Brazil. In order to put it in perspective, contributions from Brazilian laboratories were selected by the citations received and importance for the field and were benchmarked against some of the most important results disclosed by authors worldwide. The picture that emerged reveals a thriving area of research, with new generations of well-trained and productive chemists engaged particularly in the areas of green chemistry and catalysis. In order to fulfill the promise of delivering more efficient and sustainable processes, an integration of the academic and industrial research agendas is to be expected. On the other hand, academic research in automation of chemical processes, a well established topic of investigation in industrial settings, has just recently began in Brazil and more academic laboratories are lining up to contribute. All these areas of research are expected to enable the future development of the almost unchartered field of scalability.

Hotspots in studies on medical information education based on data source of core journals / 中华医学图书情报杂志

The hotspots and frontiers in studies on medical information education were identified with key words cluster algorithm and burst words detection algorithm by making use of CiteSpaceⅢwith 540 papers on medical in-formation education published in core journals of medical information education from 2007 to 2016 as sample data, which showed that the 7 hotspots and frontiers in studies on medical information education from 2007 to 2016 in medical information education field of China and can thus provide support for keeping abreast of its development trend and working out its development strategies.

Knowledge mapping-based analysis of hot spots and frontiers in studies on domestic hospital libraries / 中华医学图书情报杂志

Objective To study the hot spots and frontiers in studies on domestic hospital libraries by visualization analysis.Methods A total of 2820 CNKI-covered papers on hospital libraries from 2005 to 2015 were analyzed u-sing CiteSpace 3.8.Results The clustering map of key words in papers on hospital libraries was plotted, the fre-quency of key words and centrality were listed, and the burst terms were mapped.Conclusion The hot spots in studies on hospital libraries are readers service, network and resources development.Subject service and digital li-brary are the frontiers.Review of hospital class plays an important role in promoting the construction of hospital li-braries.Service of hospital libraries is focused on the construction of key subjects in hospitals.

La distribución gratuita de condones a trabajadoras sexuales en Ecuador: efectos en el comportamiento de compra / Free distribution of condoms to female sex workers in Ecuador: effects on purchase behavior

Los condones son considerados un método eficaz para evitar la propagación de infecciones de transmisión sexual. En Ecuador, un factor común en las políticas públicas de salud sexual es la entrega gratuita de condones a trabajadoras sexuales (TS). Esto ocurre junto con el asesoramiento sobre otras medidas preventivas y la importancia de las pruebas de detección del VIH. Este estudio busca determinar si la distribución gratuita de condones afecta la compra de los mismos y su uso consecuente. A través de una encuesta apli-cada a 2.566 trabajadoras sexuales en ocho ciudades del Ecuador, se analiza el comportamiento de compra de condones. Los datos corresponden a las encuestas realizadas por el Proyecto de Prevención de Fronteras (PPF) en Ecuador en 2006. Dado que el acceso a las políticas públicas y a los condones gratuitos no es aleatorio, existen riesgos de sesgos de selección muestral. Para ello utilizamos un procedimiento de estimación Heckman en dos etapas. En la primera se analiza la probabilidad de comprar condones, y en la segunda, la cantidad de condones comprados. Se encuentra que por cada condón recibido gratuitamente, la TS compra uno más. Este resultado muestra la efectividad de las políticas de distribución cuando son acompañadas de componentes de asesoramiento e información.

Condoms are considered an effective method to prevent the spread of sexually transmitted infections. In Ecuador, a common factor in sexual health public policy is the provision of free condoms to female sex workers. This occurs together with advice on other preventive measures and the importance of HIV screening. The present study seeks to determine whether he distribution of free condoms affects their purchase and subsequent use. A survey to assess condom purchase behavior was completed by 2566 female sexual workers (FSW) in eight cities in Ecuador. The Frontiers Prevention Project (FPP) conducted surveys during 2006. There is a risk of sample selection bias as access to public policy and free condoms is not random: we therefore used a Heckman estimation procedure in two stages. The probability of purchasing condoms and the quantity of condoms purchased were analyzed. We find that for each condom received for free, FSW purchased one more. This result shows the effectiveness of distribution policies when they are accompanied by advice and information.

Research frontiers in foreign medical informatics / 中华医学图书情报杂志

The research frontiers in foreign medical informatics were analyzed according to the co-occurrence net-work map, hotspots density map and cluster tree map that were plotted for the PubMed-covered scientific papers on medical informatics from 2010 to 2014 , which showed that the research frontiers in foreign medical informatics were the natural language processing and data mining of electronic health records, medical decision-making assistant system, computer-aided drug therapy, clinical decision-making support, health service attitude, health service quality, health service model, medical records system and its linkage, information system and its integration.

La termografía basal como herramienta diagnóstica en el síndrome de dolor regional complejo tipo 2 / Basal thermography as diagnostic tool in the complex regional pain syndrome type 2

Presentamos nuestra experiencia con la termografía para el diagnóstico del síndrome de dolor regional complejo (SDRC) tipo 2 a predominio unilateral. Describimos los resultados en catorce pacientes en los cuales encontramos diferencias significativas de temperatura cuando comparamos el lado afectado con el sano o menos sintomático, con una correlación directa con el tiempo de evolución. Nuestros hallazgos muestran que la termografía puede ser un método útil para el diagnóstico del SDRC tipo 2 con un tiempo de evolución prolongado.

We present our experience with thermography for diagnosis of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) type II with unilateral predominance. We describe the results in fourteen patients, in which we found significant differences when comparing the sick side with the healthy or less affected one, with parallel increases with disease’s time of evolution. Our findings show that thermography can be a useful diagnostic method for long - term evolution Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type 2.

Transfronteirização e financiamento dos serviços de saúde: uma reflexão a partir de Foz do Iguaçu-PR / Partnership between cities of different countries and health care funding: a reflection based on Foz do Iguaçu city

A fronteira é uma área fragilizada; o trânsito livre de pessoas na região faz com que ela seja altamente vigiada, tanto para a segurança quanto o contrabando e tráfico. Essa facilidade de acesso no transito entre os países, traz um número de pessoas que fazem um trajeto longo, muitas vezes com risco de vida eminente, em busca de assistência médica, inexistente no seu país de origem. O pagamento dessa fatura é de responsabilidade do país que realizou o atendimento, assim como a estatística. Os gestores estaduais e municipais tentam contornar essa situação da melhor maneira possível, sem causar perdas financeiras no seu orçamento. A partir da experiência internacional de parcerias entre cidades de fronteira (transfronteirização), esta dissertação tem como eixo principal analisar o caso do município de Foz do Iguaçu, onde a problemática da política brasileira de saúde nas fronteiras se revela em sua potência máxima. O trabalho apresenta a situação do financiamento da saúde na fronteira oeste do Estado do Paraná, propondo um termo de cooperação na assistência e no financiamento.

The frontier is a fragile area. Free traffic of people in this frontier region makes it highly monitored as to safety and as to restrain smuggling and drugs trafficking. Facility of access within coutries, brings in a great number of people who travel a long way, many times, facing great eminent death hazard, in search of medical care that does not exist in their home country. When they are assisted, payment is due to the country responsible for health care Managers try to overcome this situation and avoid financial losses. Inspired by European experience of partnerships between neighbor towns of different countries, this thesis analyzesthe situation in Foz do Iguaçu city, where the problem of Brazilian health politics in the frontier is revealed at its maximum. The work presents the health financing situation in the West frontier of Parana State, proposing a cooperation term for health care and health financing, which would allow treatment for this population by Brazilian health system, providing adequate financial and other increased resources to the municipalities.