Avaliação dos perfis de cultura organizacional em hospitais da Faixa de Gaza / Assessment of organizational culture types in Gaza Strip hospitals

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os perfis de cultura organizacional e suas dimensões nos hospitais governamentais e não governamentais da Faixa de Gaza da Palestina. Trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal descritiva que envolveu 400 participantes de hospitais governamentais e não governamentais no período de junho a dezembro de 2018. A população de estudo incluiu todas as categorias de trabalhadores dos hospitais como médicos, enfermeiras, paramédicos e administradores. Cerca de 60% da amostra era do sexo masculino e 40% do feminino. A faixa etária da maior parte dos participantes situava-se entre 20 e 40 anos. Destes, 78,2% possuíam bacharelado ou pós-graduação, enquanto 17,9% possuíam apenas diploma de graduação ou níveis menores de formação. O tamanho amostral dos participantes foi diverso de acordo com os tipos e capacidades dos hospitais. O maior número de participantes foi de hospitais governamentais com 82,5%, enquanto 17,5% eram de hospitais não governamentais. Os perfis de cultura organizacional mais comuns nos hospitais da Faixa de Gaza foram a cultura de clãs e de hierarquia. Os hospitais não governamentais apresentaram médias superiores aos governamentais em todos os perfis de cultura organizacional. É recomendável o uso de uma abordagem abrangente da cultura organizacional de modo a estudá-la e perceber sua direção e tendência antes de se estabelecer novos procedimentos ou iniciativas.

Abstract The aim of the study was to describe the organizational culture types and their dimensions at the governmental and non-governmental hospitals in the Gaza Strip of Palestine. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study that involved 400 participants of the governmental and non-governmental hospitals in the period between June and December 2018. The target population included all the working staff categories at the hospitals as physicians, nurses, paramedics, and administrators. About 60% of the sample was male and 40% was female. Most of the participants' age was between 20-40 years. Of these, 78.2% were having bachelor's or higher degrees and 17.9% were having diplomas or lesser degrees. Participants' sample sizes were diverse according to the types and capacities of their hospitals. The highest number of participants was from governmental hospitals with 82.5%, while 17.5% was from non-governmental hospitals. The highest determined types of management in Gaza Strip hospitals were clan and hierarchy-oriented cultures. The non-governmental hospitals had higher means than the governmental ones in all the organizational culture types. The comprehensive approach of organizational culture is desired to study the organizational culture type and realize its direction and trend before establishing new procedures or initiative programs.

The single nucleotide polymorphism rs2305957 G/A is not associated with recurrent pregnancy loss.

Background: This study was conducted in order to investigate the association between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2305957 G/A and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in a group of Palestinian women residing in Gaza strip. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was carried out during the period (May to August, 2015). A total of 380 females, 190 RPL patients and 190 control women without previous history of RPL, aged 20–35 years were included in the study. The SNP was analyzed by tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system PCR (T-ARMS-PCR). Results: No statistically significant difference existed between RPL cases and controls in terms of the allelic and genotypic distribution of rs2305957 G/A. Conclusions: SNP rs2305957 G/A does not represent a risk factor for RPL in the investigated population.

Predictors of Acute Diarrhoea among Hospitalized Children in Gaza Governorates: A Case-Control Study.

This study aims to determine the predictors of acute diarrhoea among hospitalized children in the Gaza Governorates. The case-control design included 140 children (70 cases and 70 controls) in a stratified cluster sample from Naser Medical Complex and Alnasser Pediatric Hospital. An interview questionnaire was used, and face and content validations were performed. Multiple logistic regression was used for the multivariate analysis of risk factors of diarrhoea in children aged less than five years. Results showed a significant association between diarrhoea and family income, residence, complementary feeding, and age of weaning (p<0.05). Children living in villages had lower odds of having diarrhoea by 53.2% than children living in cities. Children of families with incomes between US$ 485 and 620 had lower odds of having diarrhoea by 80.8% than children of families with incomes less than US$ 485. Moreover, children who did not receive complementary feeding had lower odds of having diarrhoea by 59.0%. We found that, for one month increase in weaning age, the odds of diarrhoea decreased by 1.06 times (adjusted OR=1.05, 95% CI 1.0180- 1.100). The study concludes that urban residence, lower family income, complementary feeding, and lower age of weaning are risk factors of diarrhoea among children aged less than five years in the Gaza Strip. The results of the study suggest that children of low-income families and those who were not naturally breastfed may warrant more attention for prevention and/or treatment of diarrhoea.

Prevalence of Smoking among Patients Attending Cardiac Clinic in Gaza Strip.

The aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of tobacco smoking among patients attending private clinic and to examine the socio-demographic correlates of smoking in Gaza City. A retrospective study was carried out. The case records of all patients attending private chest clinic Abu Tawelia in Gaza City from 2006-2014 were included. A total number of 1034 records of patients was included. The sample consisted of 514 males (49.85%) and 518 females (50.15%). The patients age ranged from 18 to 90 years with mean age of 54.7 years. Overall, the smoking prevalence was of 19.2%. Males smoked more than females (16.3% vs. 2.9% of total sample). Most current smokers smoked cigarettes (82.5%), but the use of Shisha was also common (17.5%). Mean smoking years was 26.16. Smoking prevailed in patients with age ranging from 28 to 58 years (48.5%). A bit less than 40% of smokers has started before 20 years of age. Health-promotion activities should be established to decrease the prevalence of smoking and prevent future adverse health outcomes.