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Objective To study the difference of CD4+ T cell count among different genotypes of HIV infected people in Xi'an from 2017 to 2021. Methods A total of 1 623 newly diagnosed AIDS patients in the AIDS prevention and control information system in Xi'an from 2017 to 2021 were selected. The genotypes of all the patients were sequenced, and the differences of CD4+T cell counts among different genotypes were analyzed. Results From 2017 to 2021, the main genotype of HIV infected people in Xi'an was CRF01_ AE（921/1623）、CRF07_ BC（145/1623）、CRF08_ BC (557/1623), the gene cluster is mainly CRF01_ AE (cluster 1) (185/ 1623) and CRF01_ AE (cluster 2) (1438/1623), where CRF01_ The average CD4+ T cell count of AE genotype was (146.26 ± 11.63)/μ L，CRF07_ The average CD4+ T cell count of BC genotype was (254.69 ± 15.49)/μ L，CRF08_ The average CD4+ T cell count of BC genotype was (217.96 ± 12.89)/μ L，CRF01_ The average number of CD4+ T cells in AE (cluster 1) was (185.58±12.79)/ μ L，CRF01_ The average number of CD4+ T cells in AE (cluster 2) was (179.90 ± 15.96)/ μ 50. There was significant difference in CD4+ T cell count among patients with different gene subtypes and gene clusters (P<0.05). Conclusion From 2017 to 2021, the main genotype of HIV infected people in Xi'an was CRF01_ AE, the gene cluster is mainly CRF01_ AE (Cluster 2), there were significant differences in CD4+T cell counts among patients with different gene subtypes and gene subsets, which could serve as a reference target for AIDS treatment in this Municipality.
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@#Microbial secondary metabolites have always been one of the important sources of discovery and development of new drugs due to their remarkable biological activities. The explosion of genome sequences has revealed that Streptomyces harbor an immensely untapped biosynthetic potential. However, the number of active secondary metabolites with new skeletons or structural units found from Streptomyces is much lower than that of biosynthetic gene clusters(BGCs), mainly due to the fact that many BGCs are either expressed weakly or transcriptionally silent under conventional laboratory conditions. Beginning with the bioinformatics tools for BGCs prediction, this review focuses on the classical approaches to activate silent BGCs of Streptomyces in native and heterologous hosts. Moreover, several new strategies including transcriptional factors decoy, reporter-guided high-throughput selection and muliplexed CRISPR-TAR were detailed, which provide methodological references for mining new secondary metabolites from Streptomyces.
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Objective To study the aberrant DNA methylation of H19 and MEST in infertile male sperm.Methods Routine semen analysis and morphological analysis were performed on 15 control individuals and 33 oligoastheno-teratozoospermias.Sperms were purified by density gradient centrifugation and DNA was extracted and treated with bisulfite.After PCR,the purified PCR products were cloned into pMD (R)18-T vector and proceed to chemical transformation,restriction enzyme reaction.For each sample,positive clones were selected for sequencing analysis and DNA methylation analysis.Results Five control individuals had high degree of H19 and methylation rate was 100.0％,while the methylation rate of 93.0％ in 10 oligoastheno-teratozoospermias was significantly lower.Significant difference was found in methylation rate between the control individuals and oligoastheno-teratozoospermias (P ＜ 0.01).As to MEST,10 control individuals had a low degree of MEST and the methylation rate was 1.6％,while the methylation rate in 23 oligoastheno-teratozoospermias was 4.8％.No significant difference was found in the methylation rate between control individuals and oligoastheno-teratozoospermias (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Male infertility is associated with aberrant methylation of H19 differentially methylated region,and it may be a biomarker of human spermatogenesis defect.
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Compounds of polyketide origin possess a wealth of pharmacological effects, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, anticancer and immunosuppressive activities. Many of these compounds and their semisynthetic derivatives are used today in the clinic. Most of the gene clusters encoding commercially important drugs have also been cloned and sequenced and their biosynthetic mechanisms studied in great detail. The area of biosynthetic engineering of the enzymes involved in polyketide biosynthesis has recently advanced and been transferred into the industrial arena. In this work, we introduce a computational system to provide the user with a wealth of information that can be utilized for biosynthetic engineering of enzymes involved in post-PKS tailoring steps. Post-PKS tailoring steps are necessary to add functional groups essential for the biological activity and are therefore important in polyketide biosynthesis.
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Células Clonales , Familia de MultigenesRESUMEN
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental pollutants with high toxicity. It is a potent way to remove these pollutions by microbe degradation and conversion, and many bacteria have been found performing this function. Here the bacterial catabolic enzymes and genes participating in upper pathway of PAHs degradation were revealed, the genetic properties were illuminated, and the gene evolution of PAHs catabolism was further discussed. It would contribute to elucidating PAHs degrading mechanisms in bacteria and provide theoretical evidence for achieving efficient bioremediation.