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1.
China Occupational Medicine ; (6): 671-676, 2023.
Artículo en Chino | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1013305

RESUMEN

{L-End}Objective To analyze the characteristics of hearing loss and the influencing factors of high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL) among noise-exposed workers in an urban rail transit enterprise over five consecutive years. {L-End}Methods A total of 1 268 noise-exposed workers, who exposed to the average noise intensity of <85.0 dB(A), in an urban rail transit enterprise was selected as the research subjects using a judgment sampling method. The pure-tone audiometry results from 2019 to 2023 were collected to analyze the result of hearing loss. The influencing factors of HFHL (average hearing threshold ≥40.0 dB at high frequencies in both ears) were analyzed using the generalized estimating equations (GEE). {L-End}Results The detection rates of threshold elevations at frequencies of 0.5-6.0 kHz increased with increasing frequency from 2019 to 2023 (all P<0.01), with the highest detection rate at 6.0 kHz. The detection rate of speech frequency hearing loss (hearing threshold weighted value≥26.0 dB in the better ear) was 0.1%, 0.0%, 0.4%, 0.2%, and 0.2%, respectively. The detection rate of HFHL from 2019 to 2023 was 2.4%, 2.8%, 2.8%, 2.1%, and 2.8%, respectively. The GEE analysis results showed that the risk of HFHL of the workers in 2022 and 2023 was lower than that in 2019 (all P<0.01), with the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals [OR (95%CI)] of 0.57 (0.41-0.81) and 0.65 (0.48-0.87), respectively. The risk of HFHL was higher among vehicle maintenance worker than train drivers (P<0.05), with OR (95%CI) of 2.37 (1.18-4.77). The risk of HFHL increased with age and length of service among the workers (all P<0.05), with the OR (95%CI) of 2.05 (1.22-3.46) and 1.69 (1.12-2.54), respectively. No interaction was found between type of job and age, type of job and length of service, or age and length of service in the risk of HFHL among the research subjects(all P<0.05). {L-End}Conclusion Noise exposure below the national occupational exposure limits can lead to hearing loss in noise-exposed workers of urban rail transit enterprises, possibly affecting the hearing threshold at 6.0 kHz first. The influencing factors for HFHL in workers of rail transit are age, length of service, and type of job. There is a dose-effect relationship with age and length of service.

2.
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology ; (12): 368-373, 2018.
Artículo en Chino | WPRIM | ID: wpr-737964

RESUMEN

Objective Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) may be resistant to one or multiple anti-TB drugs.We used generalized estimation equations to analysis the risk factors of drug-resistant TB and provide information for the establishment of a warning model for these non-independent data.Methods The drug susceptibility test and questionnaire survey were performed in sputum positive TB patients from 30 anti TB drug-resistance surveillance sites in Zhejiang province.The generalized estimation model was established by the GENMOD module of SAS,with resistance to 13 kinds of anti-TB drugs as dependent variables and possible influencing factors,such as age,having insurance,HBV infection status,and history of anti-TB drug intake,as independent variables.Results In this study,the probability of drug resistance at baseline level was 20.26%.Age,insurance,whether being co-infected with HBV,and treatment history or treatment withdrawal were statistically significantly correlated with anti-TB drug resistance.The prediction equation was established according to the influence degree of the factors mentioned above on drug resistance.Conclusion The generalized estimation equations can effectively and robustly analyze the correlated binary outcomes,and thus provide more comprehensive information for drug resistance risk factor evaluation and warning model establishment.

3.
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology ; (12): 368-373, 2018.
Artículo en Chino | WPRIM | ID: wpr-736496

RESUMEN

Objective Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) may be resistant to one or multiple anti-TB drugs.We used generalized estimation equations to analysis the risk factors of drug-resistant TB and provide information for the establishment of a warning model for these non-independent data.Methods The drug susceptibility test and questionnaire survey were performed in sputum positive TB patients from 30 anti TB drug-resistance surveillance sites in Zhejiang province.The generalized estimation model was established by the GENMOD module of SAS,with resistance to 13 kinds of anti-TB drugs as dependent variables and possible influencing factors,such as age,having insurance,HBV infection status,and history of anti-TB drug intake,as independent variables.Results In this study,the probability of drug resistance at baseline level was 20.26%.Age,insurance,whether being co-infected with HBV,and treatment history or treatment withdrawal were statistically significantly correlated with anti-TB drug resistance.The prediction equation was established according to the influence degree of the factors mentioned above on drug resistance.Conclusion The generalized estimation equations can effectively and robustly analyze the correlated binary outcomes,and thus provide more comprehensive information for drug resistance risk factor evaluation and warning model establishment.

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