RESUMEN
Background: Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), which is expressed in liver, muscle and adipose tissue, is closely related to fat metabolism. Furthermore, HDAC3 expressed in intestinal epithelial cells is a critical factor that regulates host-commensal flora relationship and maintains intestinal homeostasis. Aims: To investigate the relationship between HDAC3 expression in terminal ileum and obesity and intestinal flora. Methods: Eight SPF C57BL/6 mice and eight germ-free C57BL/6 mice aged six weeks were randomly placed on a standard chow or a high-fat chow, respectively, for 5 weeks. Changes in body weight were recorded weekly, and the terminal ileum was obtained for detection of HDAC3 protein and mRNA expressions by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. Results: Increase of body weight of mice in SPF high-fat diet group was much more than that in SPF normal diet group (P0.05). No significant differences were found in HDAC3 protein and mRNA expressions between germ-free high-fat diet group and germ-free normal diet group (P>0.05). Conclusions: Expression of HDAC3 in terminal ileum might be regulated by intestinal flora and participates in the occurrence of obesity.
RESUMEN
Abstract The present study aims to evaluate the longitudinal effects of induced experimental infections in gnotoxenic animals on the expression of inflammatory chemokines and their receptors in periradicular tissues. The null hypothesis tested was that Enterococcus faecalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum had no effect on CCR5, CCL5, CXCL10, CCL2/MCP-1, CXCR2 and CCR1 expression. Two groups of five animals (n = 5) aged between 8 and 12 weeks were used in this study. The animals were anaesthetized, and coronary access was performed in the first molar on the right and left sides. Microorganisms were inoculated into the left molar, and the right molar was sealed without contamination to function as a control. Animals were sacrificed 7 and 14 days after infection, and periapical tissues were collected. The cytokine mRNA expression levels were assessed using real-time PCR. The chemokine mRNA expression levels demonstrated that the experimental infection was capable of inducing increased chemokine expression on day 7 compared to that on day 14, except for CCR5 and CCL5, which showed no changes. The gnotoxenic animal model proved to be effective and allowed evaluation of the immune response against a known infection. Additionally, this study demonstrates that gene expression of chemokines and their receptors against the experimental infection preferentially prevailed during the initial phase of induction of the periradicular alteration (i.e., on day 7 post-infection).