Passagens pela História da Gestalt: de Mach/Ehrenfels a Wertheimer, Koffka e Köhler / Passages through Gestalt History: from Mach/Ehrenfels to Wertheimer/Koffka/Köhler / Pasajes por la Historia de la Gestalt: de Mach/Ehrenfels a Wertheimer, Koffka y Köhler

O artigo pretende fazer a leitura de textos que marcaram a história da teoria da Gestalt nas suas fases iniciais de desenvolvimento. Assim, procura redescobrir as origens do termo a partir de conceitos como Tongestalt, de Ernst Mach, e Gestaltqualitäten, de Christian von Ehrenfels, para alcançar as raízes filosóficas da psicologia da Gestalt. Em seguida, focando sobre a base da psicologia da Gestalt, a pesquisa se dedica aos fatores da Gestalt descritos por Max Wertheimer como leis gerais da teoria da Gestalt, à introdução da Gestalt theory nos Estados Unidos por Kurt Koffka a partir da apresentação do ponto de vista da Gestalt sobre a teoria da percepção e ao esclarecimento sobre o conceito de insight por Wolfgang Köhler por meio da abordagem exaustiva da perspectiva do leigo. Logo, o texto tenta ser capaz de dar mostras da evolução do conceito de Gestalt ao longo do tempo e ao mesmo tempo conectar uma variedade de definições e facetas da Gestalt.

The article intends to read texts that marked the history of Gestalt theory in its early stages of development. Thus, it seeks to rediscover the origins of the term from concepts such as Ernst Mach's Tongestalt and Christian von Ehrenfels's Gestaltqualitäten in order to reach the philosophical roots of Gestalt psychology. Next, focusing on the basis of Gestalt psychology, the research focuses on the Gestalt factors described by Max Wertheimer as general laws of the Gestalt theory, the introduction of Gestalt theory into the United States by Kurt Koffka from the presentation of the point of view of Gestalt over the theory of perception, and the clarification on the concept of insight by Wolfgang Köhler by the means of an exhaustive approach in layman's terms. So the text tries to be able to show off the evolution of the concept of Gestalt over time and at the same time to connect a variety of definitions and facets of Gestalt.

El artículo pretende leer textos que marcaron la historia de la teoría de la Gestalt en sus primeras etapas de desarrollo. Así, busca redescubrir los orígenes del término a partir de conceptos como Tongestalt de Ernst Mach y Gestaltqualitäten de Christian von Ehrenfels para llegar a las raíces filosóficas de la psicología de la Gestalt. A continuación, centrándose en la psicología de la Gestalt, la investigación se concentra en los factores de la Gestalt descritos por Max Wertheimer como leyes generales de la teoría de la Gestalt, la introducción de la Gestalt-theorie en Estados Unidos por Kurt Koffka a partir de la presentación del punto de vista de la Gestalt sobre la teoría de la percepción y la clarificación acerca del concepto de insight por Wolfgang Köhler por medio de un enfoque exhaustivo en términos legos. Por lo que el texto trata de poder dar muestras de la evolución del concepto de Gestalt a lo largo del tiempo y al mismo tiempo conectar una variedad de definiciones y facetas de Gestalt.

Gestalt contact styles in OCD patients: a controlled study

Abstract Background Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a challenging disease in terms of remission rates and treatment approaches. All theoretical approaches are needed for a better understanding. Compared to other theories, it has not been examined sufficiently from the perspective of gestalt theory in the literature. Objective To examine and compare the Gestalt Contact Styles of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and the Control Group and to examine the relationship between Gestalt Contact Styles and OCD symptoms. Methods 50 OCD patients were compared with the healthy control group. All patients were evaluated with the Yale Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), the Padua Inventory (PI), and the Gestalt Contact Styles Scale-Revised Form (GCSS-RF). For the control group, GCSS-RF was applied. Results The scores of the OCD patients for GCSS-RF "Retroflection" and "Deflection" subscales were significantly higher than the Control Group. Statistically significant high scores were found between the subscales of Padua Inventory "contamination obsessions and washing compulsions", "obsessional thoughts", "obsessional impulses" and "checking compulsions" subtypes and Gestalt contact styles in the Patient Group in a symptomatological examined manner. With these findings, in terms of Gestalt Contact Styles, it is seen that the difference between Patient and Control Groups is significantly different. There was no significant relationship between the Yale-Brown total score of the Patient Group and the GCSS-RF subscales. Discussion In conclusion, the findings of the study showed significant differences in terms of Gestalt Contact Styles (Retroflection, Contact, Deflection, Desensitization, Confluence) in Patient and Control Groups and OCD symptoms. These results are important to Gestalt Therapists in terms of shedding light on the therapeutic intervention to be done for an OCD patient and contributing to the literature.

Computer-aided Facial Analysis in Diagnosing Dysmorphic Syndromes in Indian Children

Objective: To assess the utility of computer-aided facial analysis in identifying dysmorphicsyndromes in Indian children. Methods: Fifty-one patients with a definite molecular orcytogenetic diagnosis and recognizable facial dysmorphism were enrolled in the study andtheir facial photographs were uploaded in the Face2Gene software. The results provided bythe software were compared with the molecular diagnosis. Results: Of the 51 patients, thesoftware predicted the correct diagnosis in 37 patients (72.5%); predicted as the first in thetop ten suggestions in 26 (70.2%). In 14 patients, the software did not suggest a correctdiagnosis. Conclusions: Computer-aided facial analysis is a method that can aid indiagnosis of genetic syndromes in Indian children. As more clinicians start to use thissoftware, its accuracy is expected to improve.