CD10 expression pattern in prostatic adenocarcinoma: Elucidation of differences between Gleason’s grades

CD10, a transmembrane endopeptidase, has been shown to be lost as an early event in prostate cancer. We aimed at evaluating the pattern of expression of CD10 in various Gleason’s grades of prostatic adenocarcinoma in comparison with nodular hyperplasia of prostate. This retrospective study included 30 cases of nodular hyperplasia and 30 of prostatic adenocarcinoma of various Gleason’s grades. Immunohistochemical staining for CD10 was performed on all cases and positivity evaluated as percentage of cells as well as location (membranous or cytoplasmic or both). Of prostatic adenocarcinomas, grade 3 was seen in 10 foci, grade 4 in 28 and grade 5 in 22 foci. CD10 positivity in carcinoma was lower than in nodular hyperplasia, with the lowest positivity in grade 5. The pattern of expression of CD10 also changed from membranous in grade 3 to cytoplasmic in grade 5. Loss of CD10 expression appears to be associated with increasing tumour grade in carcinoma prostate and this can potentially be useful in stratification of such patients.

A Study of Immunohistochemical Expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Prostatic Lesions

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a 170-kDa tyrosine kinase transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in normal tissues in many organs and different types of tumours. In prostate, EGFR is expressed mainly in epithelial cells, phosphorylation of EGFR (pEGFR) which is assessed by immunohistochemical methods could be useful prognostic marker for prostate cancer cases. Tumours may affect the surrounding non-malignant tissue and pEGFR immunoreactivity in the morphologically normal prostate tissue can be used to retrieve prognostic information. In this study the membranous and cytoplasmic expression of EGFR is checked in both the basal and luminal cells. Intensity of the staining and the pattern of the staining were noted in benign, in-situ and malignant lesions and it was found that the staining intensity of the luminal cells increase with a subsequent decreased staining in the basal layer as the lesion progress towards malignancy. Subsequently the staining intensity and patterns were correlated with the Gleason grade for triaging of the cases into different prognostic groups.

Diagnostic efficiency and result of prostate biopsy for patients with t-PSA between 4.0 and 10 ng/ml / 军事医学

Objective To investigate the diagnostic efficiency and result of prostate biopsy for patients with t -PSA between 4.0 and 10 ng/ml.Methods This analysis was based on 20 qualified research papers from such lectronic databases as PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane from January 2010 until September 2017.Data extracted was analyzed using classic Meta-analysis with R software .The random or fixed effect model analysis was used to estimate the rate.Heterogeneity was analyzed using I 2 statistic.Results Totally 5481 patients were included in the 20 research papers. The positive rate of prostate biopsy was 20.6％, with t-PSA between 4.0 and 10 ng/ml, which was higher than the rate in the data from CUA Guide(2014).The difference was statistically significant .Conclusion Patients should be subjected to prostate biopsy if their t-PSA ranges 4.0 from 10 ng/ml regardless of the rate of f/t-PSA.The Gleason grade is relatively low when PSA is in the gray area , and the risk is also low.

Relação entre escore de Gleason e fatores prognósticos no adenocarcinoma acinar de próstata / The relation between Gleason score and prognostic factors in acinar adenocarcinoma of prostate

INTRODUÇÃO: O adenocarcinoma de próstata corresponde a uma das neoplasias malignas mais frequentes em homens, comprometendo principalmente da sexta a oitava décadas. Algumas características histopatológicas do tumor, como grau de diferenciação, invasão capsular e escore de Gleason, podem ser correlacionadas com o prognóstico da doença. OBJETIVOS: Estimar a associação entre o escore de Gleason e fatores prognósticos em casos de adenocarcinoma prostático. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: O estudo avaliou 118 espécimes de prostatectomia radical provenientes do Laboratório de Patologia da ULBRA entre 2003 e 2008. Em cada caso foram determinados os seguintes dados: idade, lateralidade, estadiamento, escore total e padrões primário e secundário de Gleason, grau de diferenciação, presença de invasão capsular, angiolinfática e perineural e extensão extraprostática. Foram usados os testes do qui-quadrado e o teste exato de Fischer para verificar a associação entre as variáveis, considerando um nível de significância menor que 5 por cento. RESULTADOS: A idade média correspondeu a 63,86 anos. Observou-se a predominância do escore 6 de Gleason (55 casos - 46,61 por cento), de bilateralidade (72 casos - 61,02 por cento) e do estádio T2c (57 casos - 48,31 por cento). O escore de Gleason esteve associado a idade (0,001), lateralidade (p < 0,001), invasão capsular (p < 0,005), invasão angiolinfática (p < 0,001), invasão perineural (p < 0,05), extensão extraprostática (p < 0,001) e estadiamento (0,001). Foi encontrada uma associação significativa entre invasão capsular e idade (p < 0,01) e invasão perineural (p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: No adenocarcinoma prostático, a determinação do escore de Gleason corresponde a um dos principais fatores histológicos a serem descritos, apresentando relação significativa com outros critérios anatomopatológicos, como extensão, invasão perineural e angiolinfática e estadiamento.

INTRODUCTION: The prostate adenocarcinoma corresponds to one of the most frequent malignant neoplasias affecting 60 to 80 year old men. Some histopathological characteristics of the tumor, such as degree of differentiation, capsular invasion and Gleason score, may be correlated with the prognosis of the disease. OBJECTIVES: To assess the association of Gleason score and prognostic factors in cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study evaluated one hundred and eighteen specimens of radical prostatectomy from the laboratory of pathology of ULBRA between 2003 and 2008. In each case, the following data were recorded: age, laterality, staging, total score, primary and secondary patterns of Gleason, degree of differentiation, presence of capsular, angiolymphatic and perineural invasion and extraprostatic extension. Chi-square test and Fischer's exact test with significance < 5 percent were used. RESULTS: The mean age was 63.86. There was a prevalence of Gleason score 6 (55 cases - 46.61 percent), bilaterality (72 cases - 61.02 percent) and staging T2c (57 cases - 48.31 percent). Gleason score was associated with age (0.001), laterality (p < 0.001), capsular invasion (p < 0.005), angiolymphatic invasion (p < 0.001), perineural invasion (p < 0.05), extraprostatic invasion (p < 0.001) and staging (0.001). There was a significant association among capsular invasion, age (p < 0.01) and perineural invasion (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In prostate adenocarcinomas, the determination of Gleason score corresponds to one of the main histological factors to be described, showing significant relation with other anatomopathological criteria, such as extension, perineural and angiolymphatic invasion and staging.

Comparison of pathological features of prostate cancer between mass screening patients and clinical patients / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the role of the mass screening by comparing the pathological features of prostate cancer between mass screening patients and clinical patients.Methods 107 cases of prostate cancer(including 51 patients from clinical diagnosis and 56 patients from mass screening) and 7 cases of prostate intraepithelial neoplasia(PIN,from mass screening) were analyzed using the Gleason’s grade system.Results ① Gleason’s grade of prostate cancer in mass screening group was lower than that in clinical diagnosis group(?2 =48.22,P

p27Kip1 Expression and Apoptotic Index in Prostatic Adenocarcinoma

p27kip1, a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor, has been recognized as a negative regulator of cell cycle. To investigate the role of p27kip1 on progression of cancer and apoptotic pathway, we analyzed p27kip1 expression using immunohistochemical stain in 40 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma and apoptotic index by TUNEL method in 30 cases of prostatic adenocarinoma. Both were correlated with Gleason grade and Gleason score. Loss of p27kip1 expression was more frequent in prostatic adenocarcinomas of higher score (Gleason score 7 to 10) (60.7%) than in those of lower score (Gleason score 4 to 6) (33.3%) (p0.05). These results suggest that loss of p27kip1 expression and increased apoptotic index may be the morphologic markers to predict the behavior of prostatic adenocaricnoma. The role of p27kip1 on apoptotic pathway seems to be meager in this study and needs further study.

Study on the Expression of E-cadherin and Cathepsin B in the Prostatic Carcinomas with the Evaluation of the Gleason Grade / 대한암학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the expression of E-cadherin and cathepsin-B in prostatic carcinomas and correlate with the Gleason grades. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expressions of E-cadherin and cathepsin B were examined by the immunohistochemical technic using the antibodies against the E-cadherin and cathepsin B on the paraffin block sections of 56 prostatic carcinomas with evaluation of Gleason grading. RESULTS: E-cadherin expression in normal epithelium was membranous intercellular expression and those of prostate carcinomas were aberrant expressions such as negative expression or cytoplasmic presentation. The expressivity of the E-cadherin according to the progression of the Gleason grading revealed negative membranous expression and tendency of gradual increase of aberrant expression. The normal prostate and BPH revealed expression of cathepsin B mostly in the basal layers of acini as cytoplasmic reaction and the stromal macrophages and microvessel wall also showed positive expression. The prostatic carcinoma showed cytoplasmic positivity in the cancer cells and the expression rate was increased from Gleason grade 2 to Gleason grade 4. But the Gleason grade 5 tissue revealed decreased or negative expression. The Gleason grade 4, especially in the invasive cells and invasive edges, revealed the most intense and frequent expression of cathepsin B and this findings were consistent with the nonnal function of the cathepsin B as a protease degrading the extracellular matrix proteins. CONCLUSION: E-cadherin expression was aberrant after Gleason grade 6 related with high histologic grades. It is suggested that the E-cadherin expression could tell the potential cancer progression as a tumor suppression factor. The cathepsin B was most strongly expressed in basal cells of the benign prostatic acini and the cancer nests of Gleason grade 4, which tells the possibility that cathepsin B could be a marker of basocellular differentiation and of assessing stromal invasion of prostatic carcinomas.

Flow Cytometric DNA Analysis of Prostate Adenocarcinoma :Correlation with histologic grade and DNA ploidy

Nuclear DNA content of 32 cases of prostate adenocarcinoma diagnosed 1986-1991 was determined by flow cytometry, with the use of paraffin-embedded archival tissue. The present study was done to define the relationship between clinical stage, histopathological grade, and DNA ploidy. Aneuploidy was found in 10(31.3%) cases including 7 cases of near-tetraploidy. Among diploid tumors, 36.4% were localized disease(stage A and B), 13.6% were characterized by invasion outside the prostate(stage C), and 50.0% showed distant metastasis(stage D). Among aneuploid tumors, 10.0% were stage B, 50.0% stage C, and 40.0% stage D. The degree of glandular differentiation was characterized by the Gleason score and the percentage of sampled tissue involved by carcinoma was graded by Dhom's method. Apparent correlation was found between Gleason grade and Dhom grade(P<0.05). All 13 tumors with a Gleason grade I(score of 2 to 5) were diploid. Four of 9 tumors with a Gleason grade II(score of 6 to 7) were aneuploid(near-tetraploidy 33.3%, aneuploidy 11.1%) and 60.0%, of tumors with a Gleason grade III(score of 8 to 10) were aneuploid(near-tetraploidy 40.0%, aneuploidy 20%). The percentage of aneuploid cases increased with advanced clinical stage, but the relationship between aneuploidy versus clinical stage was not significant. However, it can be concluded that DNA ploidy correlates well with Gleason grade(p<0.05), which may have predictive prognostic value for prostate adeno-carcinomas.