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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study was to explore the impact of metformin and metformin/gliptin combination therapy on the serum concentrations of vitamin B12, ferritin, and folic acid in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: This study included 118 patients, classified into two groups: 59 patients using only metformin and 59 patients using a combination of metformin/gliptin. Among the latter group, 35 patients used vildagliptin/metformin, and 24 used sitagliptin/metformin. The study recorded the demographic data such as the age and gender of the patients, as well as their initial and 1-year follow-up blood parameters. RESULTS: Folic acid decreased significantly in the metformin group but not in the metformin/gliptin group. Vitamin B12 and ferritin decreased significantly in both groups. The decrease in vitamin B12 and ferritin was not significantly different between the two groups. The decrease in fasting plasma glucose was more significant in the metformin/gliptin group than in the metformin group. CONCLUSION: After 1 year, both groups taking metformin and metformin/gliptin showed low serum ferritin and vitamin B12 levels. Therefore, vitamin B12 levels in patients using these drugs should be closely monitored. Ferritin levels can be used to indicate whether glycemic control has been achieved.
RESUMEN
Aim To evaluate the reno-proteetion of saxagliptin combined with metformin in mice with T2DM anrl its relationship with redox balance.Meth¬ods C57BL/6J mice were fed with high fat diet and injected with low dose STZ intraperitoneally to establish T2DM mouse model.Then they were randomly divided into T2DM group, glibenclamide group ( Gli group), metformin group ( Met group) , saxagliptin group ( Sax group) and saxagliptin + metformin group ( S + M group) , and normal control group ( NC group) with 8 mice in each group.Eight weeks after intervention the mice were weighed.Blood, urine and renal tissue sam¬ples were collected to measure GHbA,c, FBG, Alb, 8-OHdG, 8-iso-PG, SOD, GSH, GSSG and Ucr.The pathological morphology of renal tissues in each group was observed.Results Saxagliptin combined with metformin reduced significantly the levels of Alb/Ucr ( UACR) , 8-0HdG/Ucr( UOCR) , 8-iso-PG/Ucr( UP- CR) , increased the activity of SOD and GSH/GSSG ratio, and improved the pathological changes of renal tissues, which were superior to those in Met group and Sax group.Conclusions Saxagliptin combined with metformin have a synergistic protective effect on the kidneys of type 2 diabetic mice.The mechanism is partly related to alleviating oxidative stress and impro¬ving redox balance in vivo.