G6PD Regulates Cyclin E1 and CDK2 to Promote Cell Proliferation and Its Prognostic Value in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has been proved to be a metabolic disease with high

Research progress of glucose 6 phosphorus dehydrogenase in malignant tumor / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, G6PD) is the rate-limiting enzyme of pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), which mainly maintains the balance of NADPH and intracellular redox reaction. Reducing G6PD activity or PPP dysfunction can prevent normal cell proliferation, and severe lack of G6PD can damage embryonic development and delay organ growth. At present, many studies have proved that abnormal activation of G6PD can lead to the enhancement of cell proliferation and adaptability of various types of cancer, and it is easy to cause drug resistance and increase the difficulty of clinical treatment. It has become an urgent need for clinical treatment to study the mechanism of G6PD in cancer cells and identify new potential drug therapeutic targets.

Effect of Qingzao Jiufei Tang on Enzymatic Activity and Regulatory Factor of Key Enzyme G6PD in Pentose Phosphate Energy Metabolism Pathway in Lung Cancer / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To discuss the effect of Qingzao Jiufei Tang on enzymatic activity and regulatory factor of glucose 6-phosphatedehydrogenase(G6PD) in pentose phosphate energy metabolism pathway in lung cancer. Method::Fifty male C57BL6J mice were randomly divided into five groups. Animal models were induced through axillary injection with Lewis cells. The Qingzao Jiufei Tang group was given drugs (11, 5.5, 2.8 g·kg-1·d-1) two weeks before modeling, the cyclophosphamide(CTX) group was intraperitoneally injected with CTX (50 mg·kg-1), and the model group was intraperitoneally injected with the same volume of saline after molding. At 14 d after modeling, the mice were sacrificed, and the tumor tissues were collected. The enzymatic activity of G6PD, content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) method. Expressions of gp91phox and p22phox mRNA were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR) method. Result::Compared with the model group, the enzymatic activity of G6PD in high-dose group, medium-dose group and low-dose group were reduced obviously (P<0.05, P<0.01). Content of ROS, mRNA expressions of gp91phox and p22phox in high-dose group, medium-dose group and low-dose group were reduced obviously (P<0.01). Conclusion::Qingzao Jiufei Tang may inhibit the expression of G6PD by inhibiting the expression of gp91 phox, p22phox oxidase, and then reduce content of ROS, so as to reduce the energy metabolism and hyperplasia of lung cancer cells.

Recent trends of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency among saudi population in Riyadh city / Tendências recentes da deficiência de glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase entre a população saudita na cidade de Riade

G6PD deficiency is associated with erythrocyte deficiency in the X-chromosome enzyme. It causes a hematologic syndrome called hemolytic anemia that connects G6PD deficiency with X-linked condition. In the Middle East, including Saudi Arabia, G6PD deficiency is the most dominant genetic blood disorders. It results in higher rates of mortality and morbidity due to its incurable long-lasting nature and prevalence of physical and psychological incapacities. In this study, an attempt was made to evaluate the prevalence of G6PD deficiency among the Saudi population in Riyadh city. A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted at King Saud University Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The population of the study comprised randomly chosen males and females who visited the hospital from January 2017 to January 2018. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, and descriptive analysis was used to find the frequency of G6PD-deficient patients. Out of the 209 patients, 62.2% were males (n=130) and 37.8% were females (n=79). Twenty males and 6 females were found to have G6PD deficiency, with the male to female ratio being 1:3. Out of the total 130 male participants, 20 patients were found to be enzyme deficient and 6 patients of 79 female patients were found to be G6PD deficient. There were 38.4% (n=10) patients with G6PD level <4 units/gram hemoglobin, 26.9% (n=7) patients had G6PD levels of 4.1­7.0 units/gram hemoglobin, and 34.6% (n=9) patients had >7 units/gram hemoglobin. Among the G6PD patients, 23.07% patients were severely anemic, and 5 (19.2%) patients were reported to have high bilirubin. The present study revealed the G6PD prevalence to be 12.4% among the Saudi population; this value is significantly higher than that found in France, Spain, India, and Singapore. In the Saudi population, males are more vulnerable to G6PD-deficient than females. Hence, attention should be paid to G6PD-deficient patients while prescribing antimalarial medication. Such patients may be advised to avoid certain foods to minimize the risk of having hemolytic episodes.

A deficiência de G6PD está associada à deficiência de eritrócitos na enzima do cromossomo X. Causa uma síndrome hematológica chamada anemia hemolítica que conecta a deficiência de G6PD à condição ligada ao X. No Oriente Médio, incluindo a Arábia Saudita, a deficiência de G6PD é o distúrbio genético do sangue mais dominante. Isso resulta em maiores taxas de mortalidade e morbidade devido à sua natureza incurável e duradoura e à prevalência de incapacidades físicas e psicológicas. Neste estudo, foi feita uma tentativa de avaliar a prevalência de deficiência de G6PD entre a população saudita na cidade de Riade. Um estudo retrospectivo transversal foi realizado na cidade médica da Universidade King Saud, em Riade, na Arábia Saudita. A população do estudo compreendeu homens e mulheres escolhidos aleatoriamente que visitaram o hospital entre janeiro de 2017 e janeiro de 2018. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas com o SPSS e a análise descritiva foi utilizada para determinar a frequência de pacientes com deficiência de G6PD. Dos 209 pacientes, 62,2% eram do sexo masculino (n = 130) e 37,8% eram do sexo feminino (n = 79). Verificou-se que 20 homens e 6 mulheres apresentavam deficiência de G6PD, sendo a proporção homem/mulher de 1:3. Do total de 130 participantes do sexo masculino, 20 pacientes apresentaram deficiência de enzima e 6 de 79 pacientes do sexo feminino apresentaram deficiência de G6PD. Havia 38,4% (n = 10) pacientes com nível de G6PD < 4 unidades/grama de hemoglobina, 26,9% (n = 7) pacientes tinham níveis de G6PD de 4,1-7,0 unidades/grama de hemoglobina e 34,6% (n = 9) pacientes tinham > 7 unidades/grama de hemoglobina. Entre os pacientes com G6PD, 23,07% eram severamente anêmicos e cinco (19,2%) pacientes relataram ter alta bilirrubina. O presente estudo revelou que a prevalência de G6PD é de 12,4% na população saudita; esse valor é significativamente maior que o encontrado na França, Espanha, Índia e Cingapura. Na população saudita, os homens são mais vulneráveis à deficiência de G6PD do que as mulheres. Portanto, deve-se prestar atenção aos pacientes com deficiência de G6PD durante a prescrição de medicamentos antimaláricos. Esses pacientes podem ser aconselhados a evitar certos alimentos para minimizar o risco de episódios hemolíticos.

Newborn Screening for G6PD Deficiency: A 2-year Data from North India.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) defi ciency is the most common erythrocyte enzymopathy, being present in more than 400 million people worldwide that may lead to neonatal jaundice or hemolytic crisis due to drugs or infections. In our study, we aimed to study the frequency of G6PD defi ciency in neonates and the proportion of defi cient neonates, who developed neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in the study population. The study was an observational one, conducted at the Division of Genetics of Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, over a 2-year period from January 2011 to December 2012. A total of 6,000 newborns delivered during that period underwent newborn screening on 24-72 h of birth. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was presented in 13.3% of the study population. Of female neonates, 16% demonstrated G6PD defi ciency. This is worth noting for an X-linked recessive trait. Thus, in view of a high gene frequency for a disorder that is manageable with just elimination of few drugs and foodstuff, we stress the need for a newborn screening program for G6PD deficiency.

Neonatal screening program for G6PD deficiency in India: Need and feasibility.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a common genetic disorder affecting approximately 400 million people worldwide. In India, 390,000 children are born annually with this disorder causing significant morbidity and mortality in childhood. A National Neonatal Screening program for presumptive screening of all neonates using modified Formazan ring test method could be introduced. The test requires blood sample obtained using simple heel prick in the first 48 hours of life, and can be carried out using basic laboratory equipment and reagents. The screening program could be introduced in all institutional deliveries at tertiary hospitals in the major metropolitan cities and then gradually scaled up to cover institutional deliveries over the entire country. After field trials, the program can be expanded to cover home deliveries as well. Increased funding for the health sector under the National Rural Health Mission can provide the required financial support to the program.