RESUMEN
Objective: To explore the effect of total saponins of Glycyrrhiza inflata and its decoction on intestinal flora in rats with liver injury. Methods: Model of rats with liver injury was induced by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride, which were randomly divided into four groups, including total saponins group (Sap group), water decoction group (Dec group), bifendate group (Bif group) and physiological saline group (NS group), then they were given drugs by oral admission. At the same time, a blank control was used (Control group), and the rats were given physiological saline by oral admission. Finally, the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the serum of each group of rats were measured; The rat feces were collected for 16 S rRNA sequencing of intestinal flora. Results: Compared with the control group, the levels of ALT and AST in the serum of the model group were significantly increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the levels of ALT and AST in the serum of the rats in each administration group were significantly reduced (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the NS group, the intestinal flora in Bif group did not change significantly, while the Sap group and the Dec group showed different community composition. Total saponins significantly increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Bacteroidales_S24-7 compared with water decoction. However, the intestinal flora of the Sap group and the Dec group were still different from the intestinal flora of the control group, and did not completely return to the normal state. Conclusion: Total saponins of G. inflata and its decoction may play different roles in regulating the composition of intestinal flora in rats with liver injury, and then improve the pathological condition of liver injury.
RESUMEN
Licorice is one of the most common herbs in traditional Chinese medicine, and classified as top grade in Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing. There are three different original plants of licorice stipulated in Chinese Pharmacopeia, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Glycyrrhiza glabra L., and Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. However, previous investigation showed that the pharmacodynamic effects of the three licorices were quite different. It is very difficult to identify them by the classical identification methods. In order to establish a fast and effective identification method, we collected 240 licorice plants from 21 populations of 7 provinces, and amplified their ITS and psbA-trnH sequences. ITS sequences with a full length of 616 bp and psbA-trnH sequences with a full length of 389 bp were obtained separately. Using DNAMAN to analyze these sequences, 4 variable sites were found in ITS sequences and 2 ITS haplotypes were determined, and 3 variable sites were found in psbA-trnH sequences and 4 psbA-trnH haplotypes were determined. With the combination analysis of ITS and psbA-trnH sequences, the molecular identification method of original licorice was established. Using this method, 40 samples of licorice slices collected from 4 main herbal material markets in China were identified successfully. Furthermore, the contents of 2 triterpenes, 18α-glycyrrhizic acid and 18β-glycyrrhizic acid, and 4 flavonoids, liquiritin, isoliquiritin, liquiritigenin, and isoliquiritigenin in these licorice pieces were examined by HPLC and the results were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. This study provides a new method in identification of licorice, which may serve as a guideline for quality control of licorice slices.
RESUMEN
Total 149 strains of endophytic bacteria were isolated from different healthy organisms of Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. from Xinjiang. The fermented liquids of these strains were screened by TLC and analysed by HPLC, and the glycyrrhizinic acid monoammonium salt was taken as standard control at the same time. Only one endophtytic bacterial stain of Bacillus subtilis could produce Glycyrrhizinic acid monoammonium salt analogue.