"Best practices of occupational therapy in schools" - uma resenha crítica e aportes para terapeutas ocupacionais no setor da educação / "Best practices of occupational therapy in schools" - a critical review and contributions for occupational therapists in the education sector

Resumo O presente texto é resultado de um seminário do Grupo de Pesquisa "Cidadania, Ação Social, Educação e Terapia Ocupacional", ocorrido em 2019, entre os integrantes da linha "Escola, Terapia Ocupacional e Inclusão Radical", que se debruçaram sobre o livro "Best practices of Occupational Therapy in Schools". Editado em 2013, esse livro teve grande circulação nos Estados Unidos da América, compondo parte dos esforços da American Occupational Therapy Association para ofertar e ampliar subsídios teórico-práticos que garantissem tanto a inserção como a qualificação da atuação dos terapeutas ocupacionais em serviços e ações junto ao setor da educação. Consideramos que compartilhar uma síntese desse material, bem como as reflexões críticas que foram fomentadas pelo seu estudo, em diálogo contextualizado no cenário brasileiro, possa inspirar novas proposições para terapeutas ocupacionais que têm se dedicado a esse setor, mas também colocar em debate os riscos que transposições lineares podem causar, uma vez que determinados modelos e abordagens respondem a contextos situados, histórica e politicamente. Explicitadas nossas diferenças, que a circulação das propostas desse livro possa, sobretudo, contribuir para alavancar novas e eficientes estratégias para ampliarmos o número de profissionais envolvidos com o setor da educação.

Abstract This text is the result of a seminar by the Research Group "Citizenship, Social Action, Education and Occupational Therapy", which took place in 2019, among the members of the "School, Occupational Therapy and Radical Inclusion" line, who have investigated the book "Best Practices of Occupational Therapy in Schools". Published in 2013, this book was widely read in the United States of America, as part of the efforts of the American Occupational Therapy Association to offer and expand theoretical and practical subsidies that would guarantee both the insertion and the qualification of performance of the occupational therapists in services and actions tied to the education sector. We believe that sharing a synthesis of this material, as well as critical reflections that were fostered by your study, in a contextualized dialogue in the Brazilian scenario, may inspire new proposals for occupational therapists who have dedicated themselves to this sector, but also discuss the risks that model transpositions can cause, since certain models and approaches respond to historically and politically situated contexts. With our differences explained, we wish that the circulation of the proposals in this book may, above all, contribute to leverage new and efficient strategies to expand the number of professionals involved in the education sector.

Updated key points of the 2019 EASL guidelines for drug-induced liver injury and its practice in China / 临床肝胆病杂志

To further understand the 2019 EASL Guidelines for drug-induced liver injury (DILI), this article outlined the updated key points of the guidelines and analyzed these points with reference to the reality of China, including the type of DILI, DILI induced by herbs and dietary supplements, prospective versus retrospective studies, diagnosis and causality assessment, risk factors, special phenotypes of DILI, management of DILI induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors, indication for the withdrawal of antitubercular agents, new biomarkers for DILI under clinical research, and therapeutic drugs for DILI. It is pointed out that the new version of the EASL guidelines redefined the diagnosis of acute and chronic DILI, provided detailed management strategies for DILI induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors and criteria for the withdrawal of antitubercular agents, and summarized several special phenotypes of DILI, with an emphasis on DILI induced by herbs and dietary supplements. Therefore, these guidelines have a good reference value for the diagnosis and treatment of DILI in China.

Research Reporting Guidelines in Dentistry: A Survey of Editors

Abstract The use of reporting guidelines has an important role in the development of health research, improving the quality and precision of the publications. This study evaluated how dental journals use reporting guidelines. All editors of dental journals registered on the 2013 Journal Citation Reports list (n=81) were invited to participate. The data were collected by a self-reported web-based questionnaire. Information about the profile of journal/editor and on the use of reporting guidelines by journals was gathered. Information/recommendations about the use of reporting guidelines were collected from the websites of all journals. Data were descriptively analyzed and frequencies were summarized. Thirty-four (42%) editors completed the questionnaire. Most journals are members of Committee on Publication Ethics (64.7%) and/or follow the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors recommendations (20.6%), while 26.5% are not members of any editorial group. Most editors are unfamiliar with the EQUATOR Network (55.9%), do not work full time (85.3%) and 88.2% have some income/payment. Most of them received educational training for this position (55.9%). The CONSORT Statement was endorsed by 61.8% of journals. Information from websites showed that 44.4% journals do not recommend any reporting guideline, 51.9% mention CONSORT Statement in the website and 28.4% only recommend the use of CONSORT Statement. There is clearly room for improving the use of reporting guidelines in dental journals. Broadening the understanding and the endorsement/adherence/implementation of reporting guidelines by journals may promote quality and transparence of published dental research.

Resumo O uso de guias de reporte tem um papel importante no desenvolvimento das pesquisas na saúde, melhorando a qualidade e a precisão das publicações. Esse estudo avaliou como periódicos de odontologia usam os guias de reporte. Todos editores de periódicos de odontologia registrados na lista do 2013 Journal of Citation Reports (n=81) foram convidados a participar. Dados foram coletados através de um questionário online autoaplicável. Informações sobre o perfil do periódico/editor e do uso de guias de reporte pelos periódicos foram coletados. Informações/recomendações sobre o uso de guias de reporte foram também coletados dos sites de todos os periódicos. Dados foram analisados descritivamente e frequências foram sumarizadas. Trinta e quatro (42%) editores completaram o questionário. Maioria dos periódicos é membro do Committee on Publication Ethics (64,7%) e/ou seguem as recomendações do International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (20,6%), enquanto 26,5% dos periódicos não são membros de nenhum grupo editorial. A maioria dos editores não é familiar com o EQUATOR Network (55,9%), não trabalha em tempo integral como editor (85,3%) e 88,2% recebem algum pagamento. A maioria deles recebeu treinamento para a posição de editor (55,9%). O CONSORT Statement foi endossado por 61,8% dos periódicos. Informações oriundas dos sites demonstraram que 44,4% dos periódicos não recomendam nenhum guia de reporte, 51,9% mencionam o CONSORT Statement no site e 28,4 apenas recomenda o CONSORT Statement. Existe um espaço claro para melhora no uso de guias de reporte em periódicos de odontologia. Um maior entendimento e endosso/aderência/implementação de guias de reporte por periódicos de odontologia pode promover a qualidade e transparência das pesquisas odontológicas publicadas.

Approach of Turkish ophthalmologists to micronutrition in age-related macular degeneration / Abordagem dos oftalmologistas turcos em relação a micronutrição na degeneração macular relacionada à idade

Purpose: To evaluate the knowledge and behaviors of ophthalmologists in Turkey concerning micronutrition support in patients with age related macular degeneration (ARMD). Methods: This study involved 1,845 ophthalmologists. A scientific poll was sent to all participants by email. The survey covered the following: demographic features, subspecialty knowledge about micronutrition preference for prescribing micronutrition to age related macular degeneration patients, and the reason for this preference. If a participant indicated that he or she prescribed micronutrition, the participant was also asked to indicate the source of the treatment and supplemental treatments. Results: Of 1,845 ophthalmologists, 249 responded to the survey. Of the respondents, 9% (22) never, 43% (107) sometimes, 37% (92) frequently, and 11% (27) always used micronutrition. The most frequent prescribing subgroup was general ophthalmology (22%), followed by the retina-uvea subspecialty (13.9%). The micronutrition prescribing ratio was 54.8% in retina-uvea specialists when the "frequent" and "always" responses were combined. There was no statistically significant difference between subgroups with respect to prescribing micronutrition. Among the ophthalmologists prescribing micronutrition, 57.1% of them did not use the Age-Related Eye Disease Study-1 (AREDS) criteria, and only 31.3% prescribe micronutrition according to AREDS criteria. The results for the general ophthalmologist and retina-uvea specialist subgroups were similar, 56.3% vs 20.2%, and 54.1% vs 36.1%, respectively. Micronutrition was not recommended for the following reasons: expensive (55.4%), low patient expectancy (40%), no effect (30%), and low patient drug compliance (25.4%). Moreover, 55.2% of the clinicians recommended physical activities, dietary changes, and smoking cessation; 7.3% did not recommend these behavioral changes. Conclusion: This survey demonstrated that micronutrition preference in ...

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento e comportamento dos oftalmologistas na Turquia sobre o suporte micronutricional em pacientes com degeneração macular relacionada à idade (DMRI). Métodos: Este estudo continha 1.845 oftalmologistas, e uma pesquisa científica foi enviado a todos os participantes por e-mail. O levantamento abrangeu as seguintes informações: características demográficas, conhecimento na subespecialidade sobre a preferência micronutricional para a prescrição micronutrientes a pacientes com degeneração macular relacionada à idade, e a razão por trás dessa preferência. Se um participante respondeu que prescreveu micronutrientes, foi solicitado que indicasse a origem do tratamento, bem como tratamentos suplementares. Resultados: Duzentos e quarenta e nove de 1.845 oftalmologistas responderam à pesquisa. Destes oftalmologistas 9% (22) nunca haviam usado micronutrição, 43% (107), utilizava eventualmente, 37% (92) usavam com frequência, e 11% (27) sempre usou. O subgrupo de prescrição mais frequente era composto por oftalmologistas gerais (22%), seguido por subespecialistas em retina e/ou úvea (13,9%). A frequência de prescrição de micronutrientes foi de 54,8% dentre os subespecialistas em retina e/ou úvea quando resultados de resposta foram combinados em "frequente" e "sempre." Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os subgrupos com relação à prescrição de micronutrientes. Entre os oftalmologistas que prescreviam micronutrição, 57,1% deles não usavam os critérios The Age-Related Eye Disease Study-1 (AREDS) e 31,3% deles prescreviam de acordo com critérios AREDS. A utilização dos critérios teve distribuição semelhante entre os oftalmologistas gerais e os especialistas, 56,3% vs 20,2%, e 54,1% vs 36,1%, respectivamente. A micronutrição não era recomendada pelas seguintes razões: preço (55,4%), baixa expectativa de paciente (40%), nenhum efeito (30%), e baixa aderência do paciente à droga (25,4%). Além disso, 55,2% ...

Caracterização imuno-histoquímica e molecular dos pacientes com suspeita clínica de Síndrome de Lynch / Immunohistochemical and molecular characterization of patients with clinical suspicion of Lynch Syndrome

Suspeita-se da Síndrome de Lynch (SL) a partir da história pessoal e familial do indivíduo. Posteriormente, os dados histopatológicos, imuno-histoquímicos e moleculares podem ser utilizados para aprimorar o diagnóstico da doença. Entretanto, um grande desafio no diagnóstico da Síndrome de Lynch é a baixa acurácia dos critérios clínicos utilizados. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a frequência de SL em pacientes submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico por câncer colorretal e com história familial de câncer. Avaliar quais dos critérios clínicos e/ou moleculares seriam mais informativos no diagnóstico desta Síndrome na população brasileira. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: Estudaram-se 458 casos de câncer colorretal (CCR), do Serviço de Coloproctologia do Departamento de Gastroenterologia do Hospital das Clínicas - FMUSP, de janeiro de 2005 a dezembro de 2008. História familial (HF) positiva para CCR ocorreu em 118 pacientes. Promoveu-se a revisão das lâminas para critérios histopatológicos de MSI (diretrizes de Bethesda), avaliação imuno-histoquímica (IHC) para as proteínas MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, através do complexo avidina-biotina-peroxidase e instabilidade de microssatélites (MSI) (BAT-25, BAT-26, NR-21, NR-24 e MONO-27). Realizada a análise da mutação somática para o BRAF em todos os casos com MSI positiva. RESULTADOS: Dos 118 pacientes com HF, 61 (51,69%) preencheram pelo menos um dos critérios de Bethesda revisados. 36 eram do sexo feminino (59%), média de idade de 53,2 anos. Nove (14,7%) pacientes apresentaram todos os critérios de Amsterdam I. Cinquenta e dois tumores localizaram-se no cólon esquerdo. Os componentes histopatológicos de MSI incluíram: linfócitos intratumoral (47,5%), característica expansiva do tumor (29,5%) e o componente mucinoso (27,8%) (componentes histopatológicos de MSI instável) em 44 (72%). A IHC estava alterada em oito (13%) e a MSI em 12 pacientes (20%). Houve associação entre os critérios de Amsterdam I e MSI e na IHC com MLH1 e PMS2. Houve associação entre...

Lynch Syndrome is suspected due to the personal and familial history of the individual. Subsequently, histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular data can be used to improve diagnosis of the disease. However, a major challenge in the diagnosis of Lynch Syndrome is the low accuracy of clinical criteria. OBJECTIVES: To assess the frequency of Lynch Syndrome in patients with familial cancer history submitted to colorectal cancer resection. To assess what clinical and / or molecular criteria would be the most informative in the diagnosis of this syndrome in Brazilian population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 458 colorectal cancer (CRC) cases were studied, from the Coloproctology Unit of the Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clinicas - USP, from January 2005 to December 2008. Positive family history (FH) for CRC occurred in 118 patients. The pathologic slides were reviewed for histological criteria for MSI (Bethesda guidelines), immunohistochemical analysis (IHC) for MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2 proteins, through the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex, and microsatellite instability (MSI) (BAT-25, BAT-26, NR-21, NR-24 and MONO-27). BRAF somatic mutation was analyzed in all cases with positive MSI. RESULTS: Of the 118 patients with HF, 61 (51.69%) met at least one of the revised Bethesda criteria. Thirty-six were female (59%), and the mean age was 53.2 years. Nine (14.7%) patients presented all Amsterdam criteria I. Fifty-two tumors were located in the left colon. MSI histopathological components included: intratumoral lymphocytes (47.5%), expansive characteristics of the tumor (29.5%) and mucinous component (27.8%) (Histological unstable components of MSI) in 44 (72%). IHC was abnormal in eight (13%) and MSI in 12 patients (20%). There was an association between the Amsterdam criteria I and MSI; and between IHC with MLH1 and PMS2. There was an association with the revised Bethesda criteria with: sex, mucinous histology and Crohn's like...

Updated key points of the 2019 EASL guidelines for drug-induced liver injury and its practice in China / 临床肝胆病杂志

To further understand the 2019 EASL Guidelines for drug-induced liver injury (DILI), this article outlined the updated key points of the guidelines and analyzed these points with reference to the reality of China, including the type of DILI, DILI induced by herbs and dietary supplements, prospective versus retrospective studies, diagnosis and causality assessment, risk factors, special phenotypes of DILI, management of DILI induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors, indication for the withdrawal of antitubercular agents, new biomarkers for DILI under clinical research, and therapeutic drugs for DILI. It is pointed out that the new version of the EASL guidelines redefined the diagnosis of acute and chronic DILI, provided detailed management strategies for DILI induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors and criteria for the withdrawal of antitubercular agents, and summarized several special phenotypes of DILI, with an emphasis on DILI induced by herbs and dietary supplements. Therefore, these guidelines have a good reference value for the diagnosis and treatment of DILI in China.