Therapeutic effects on rheumatoid arthritis treated with -deep needling and bloodletting techniques / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the difference in the therapeutic effects on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) between the combined -deep needling and bloodletting technique and the regular needling technique.@*METHODS@#A total of 70 patients were randomized into an observation group (35 cases) and a control group (35 cases, 4 cases dropped-out). Dazhui (GV 14), Shenzhu (GV 12), Zhiyang (GV 9), Jinsuo (GV 8), Ganshu (BL 18), Shenshu (BL 23), Zhibian (BL 54), Weizhong (BL 40), Taixi (KI 3) and Tianzong (SI 11), etc. were selected in the two groups. Additionally, in the observation group the -deep needling technique was adopted at Tianzong (SI 11) and Zhibian (BL 54), the bloodletting technique at the local swollen area and the even-needling technique at the rest acupoints. In the control group, the even-needling technique was applied to all of the acupoints. Acupuncture treatment was given once every two days, 3 times a week and for 12 weeks totally. The numbers of tender points at the knee joint, the numbers of swollen sites at the knee joint, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score and the American health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) score were observed in the two groups before and after treatment, as well as the changes in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria was adopted to evaluate the therapeutic effects of the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the numbers of tender points, the numbers of swollen sites, VAS score and HAQ score were all improved as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all 0.05). The standard-reaching rates of ACR 20 and ACR 50 in the observation group were 94.3% (33/35) and 31.4% (11/35) respectively, which were better than 67.7% (21/31) and 6.5% (2/31) in the control group (<0.01, <0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The acupuncture with the -deep and bloodletting techniques and the acupuncture with regular needling technique are all effective on RA. The therapeutic effects of the acupuncture treatment with the -deep and bloodletting techniques are better than that with regular needling technique.

Marcadores tempranos de patologías de la articulación temporomandibular en pacientes con artritis reumatoidea / Early markers of temporomandibular joint pathology in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Evaluar, en pacientes con artritis reumatoidea, los síntomas y signos clínicos de la ATM desde el punto de vista odontológico y reumatológico, interrelacionando los hallazgos realizados con reactantes de fase aguda -como eritrosedimentación- y con marcadores de la enfermedad -como el Health Assessment Questionaire (HAQ) y el Score Disease Activity. Determinar cuáles son los predictores más importantes de la enfermedad, a fin de facilitar el diagnóstico y el manejo temprano de patologías de la ATM en la artritis reumatoidea (DAS28). Materiales y métodos: se evaluaron 190 articulaciones de pacientes con artritis reumatoidea -considerando dos por paciente- y 22 controles. La evaluación de la ATM fue realizada mediante inspección clínica, cuestionarios y radiografías. La artritis reumatoidea fue testeada clínica, serológica y radiográficamente. Para evaluar las ATMs, se utilizó el score de Rohlin y Petersson y, para las manos, el de Larsen. Para la diferencia de porcentajes (p) se empleó la prueba de las diferencias proporcionales y la asociación se determinó con el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson (r). Resultados: se hallaron anormalidades radiográficas en 167 (87,89 por ciento) de las 190 ATM evaluadas. El 57,37 por ciento de los pacientes con artritis reumatoidea referían dolor en la ATM. El 58,95 por ciento presentaba menos de 20 piezas dentarias. El 70,53 por ciento tenía la apertura bucal máxima disminuida. Existió una asociación altamente significativa (A/S=0,000) entre las cefaleas de los pacientes con artritis reumatoidea y el grupo control; una asociación no significativa (N/S) entre los resultados del DAS28, el HAQ y la ERS (eritrosedimentación) con las erosiones de la ATM; y A/S=0,62 entre las erosiones de la mano y las de la ATM. Conclusión: se determinó que existe una alta prevalencia de problemas articulares en los pacientes con AR. Las erosiones en la mano se correlacionan con las de la ATM. Por todo esto, se sugiere la evaluación...

Acompanhamento da capacidade funcional de pacientes com artrite reumatoide por três anos / Monitoring the functional capacity of patients with rheumatoid arthritis for three years

Objetivo Quantificar a modificação da capacidade funcional em um período de três anos em um grupo de pacientes com artrite reumatoide (AR), utilizando os inventários HAQ e EPM-ROM. Métodos Quarenta pacientes com AR em tratamento com metotrexato (MTX) como fármaco antirreumático modificador da doença (DMARD) foram acompanhados por até três anos. O estado funcional foi avaliado no início e no final do período por HAQ e EPM-ROM. Resultados Trinta e dois pacientes foram recuperados, com escore HAQ inicial de 1,14 ± 0,49 (média ± DP) e EPM-ROM de 5,8 ± 2,75. Após um período médio de três anos, o HAQ foi de 1,13 ± 0,49 e EPM-ROM em 6,81 ± 3,66. No subgrupo de sete pacientes submetidos a cirurgia ortopédica, o HAQ diminuiu de 0,84 ± 0,72 para 1,64 ± 0,56; e o EPM-ROM, de 5,8 ± 1,80 para 8,3 ± 0,74. No subgrupo de pacientes não operados, o HAQ variou de 1,2 ± 0,45 para 1,07 ± 0,70; e o EPM-ROM, de 5,7 ± 3,06 para 6,4 ± 3,90. Conclusão Em um grupo de pacientes com AR medicados apenas com MTX como DMARD, houve pouca mudança nas pontuações HAQ e EPM-ROM durante o período médio de três anos. Observou-se agravamento da capacidade funcional no grupo de pacientes operados, em comparação com os não operados. Este fato nos alerta para a necessidade do uso de esquemas terapêuticos mais abrangentes e de maior disponibilidade de cirurgias musculoesqueléticas, em tempo hábil, em pacientes com AR. .

Objective To quantify modification of functional capacity in a three-year period in a group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using HAQ and EPM-ROM inventories. Methods Forty patients with RA on methotrexate (MTX) as disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) were followed for up to three years. The functional status was assessed at the beginning and end of the period by HAQ and EPM-ROM. Results Thirty-two patients were retrieved, with initial HAQ score of 1.14 ± 0.49 (mean ± SD) and EPM-ROM score of 5.8 ± 2.75. After an average period of three years, the HAQ score was 1.13 ± 0.49 and EPM-ROM score, 6.81 ± 3.66. In the subgroup of seven patients submitted to orthopedic surgery, HAQ score decreased from 0.84 ± 0.72 to 1.64 ± 0.56 and the EPM-ROM score, from 5.8 ± 1.80 to 8.3 ± 0.74. In the subgroup of non-operated patients, HAQ score varied from 1.2 ± 0.45 to 1.07 ± 0.70 and EPM-ROM score, from 5.7 ± 3.06 to 6.4 ± 3.90. Conclusion In a group of RA patients in use of only MTX as DMARD, there was little change on HAQ score and EPM-ROM scores over the average period of three years. Worsening functional capacity was observed in the group of operated patients in comparison to the not operated ones. This fact alerts us to the need for use of broader therapeutic regimens availability of musculoskeletal surgeries in a timely manner in patients with RA. .

Avaliação prospectiva da qualidade de vida em uma coorte de pacientes com artrite reumatoide inicial / Prospective evaluation of the quality of life in a cohort of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis

INTRODUÇÃO: Poucos estudos avaliaram, de forma prospectiva, os instrumentos de aferição de qualidade de vida, tanto genéricos quanto específicos, em pacientes com artrite reumatoide (AR) inicial. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar uma população de pacientes com AR inicial (menos de 12 meses de sintomas da doença no momento do diagnóstico) acompanhada prospectivamente quanto ao padrão de respostas aos questionários de qualidade de vida Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) e o Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 Health Survey (SF - 36). PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 40 pacientes com diagnóstico de AR inicial no momento do diagnóstico, acompanhados prospectivamente por três anos, em uso de esquema terapêutico padronizado. Registrados os dados demográficos e clínicos e aplicados os questionários HAQ e SF-36 na avaliação inicial e aos 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 e 36 meses de acompanhamento. Comparações feitas pelo teste t de Student, t pareado e Wilcoxon (nível de significância de 5 por cento). RESULTADOS: A idade média foi de 45 anos e predominou o sexo feminino (90 por cento). A média do escore do HAQ inicial foi 1,89, com declínio progressivo até 0,77 no terceiro ano (P < 0,0001). A maioria dos elementos do SF-36 apresentaram significativa melhora durante os três anos de seguimento, com exceção de estado geral e vitalidade. CONCLUSÃO: Nessa população de pacientes com AR inicial no momento do diagnóstico, observou-se alterações importantes impacto na qualidade de vida no momento do diagnóstico, conforme avaliado pelos questionários HAQ e SF-36. O tratamento precoce da AR parece se associar à melhora da qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde relatada pelo paciente.

INTRODUCTION: Few studies have prospectively assessed the tools used to measure quality of life, both generic and specific, in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to characterize a population of patients with early RA (less than 12 months after symptom onset at the time of the diagnosis) prospectively followed for the pattern of responses to questionnaires addressing quality of life, the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 Health Survey (SF-36). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty patients with early RA at the time of diagnosis, treated with a standard treatment regimen, were prospectively followed for 3 years. Demographic and clinical data were recorded, and HAQ and SF-36 questionnaires were applied at baseline and after 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months. Paired Student t test and Wilcoxon test were used for comparisons (significance level of 5 percent). RESULTS: The mean age was 45 years, with a prevalence of the female gender (90 percent). The average score of the initial HAQ was 1.89, with a progressive decline to 0.77 in the third year (P < 0.0001). Most domains of the SF-36 questionnaire presented significant improvement during the three years of follow-up, except for general health and vitality. CONCLUSION: In this population of patients with early RA at the time of diagnosis, the results showed significant impact on quality of life at the time of diagnosis, as measured by HAQ and SF-36 questionnaires. The early treatment of RA seems to be associated with improved health-related quality of life reported by patients.

Avaliação da capacidade funcional e da qualidade de vida de pacientes com artrite reumatoide / Assessing the functional status and quality of life of patients with rheumatoid arthritis

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o impacto da artrite reumatoide (AR) sobre a capacidade funcional para o trabalho e a qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde (CVRS), de pacientes portadores desta afecção. MÉTODO: Realizou-se um estudo descritivo transversal com uma amostra de 53 pacientes de um centro de reumatologia público de Montevidéu. Utilizando-se uma série de instrumentos foram avaliados a dor, a repercussão funcional, a CVRS e os níveis de atividade: EVA-D (Escala Visual Analógica-Dor), EVA-G (Escala Visual Analógica - Estado Geral), HAQ (Health Assessment Questionnaire), SF-12 (Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 12), DAS 28 (Disease Activity Score). A análise estatística foi feita empregando coeficientes de remitência linear, teste t e ANOVA, buscando estudar a associação entre as variáveis independentes e a CVRS. O intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) foi utilizado para verificar a correspondência entre a informação prestada pelo paciente e a observação do médico com relação ao bem-estar geral. RESULTADOS: Foram constatados níveis altos de atividade (41,5 por cento atividade grave, 26,5 por cento baixa atividade ou remitência), dor grave (60 por cento) e uma repercussão importante sobre o estado geral (média EVA-G 40, intervalo 0-100). Mais de 70 por cento dos pacientes apresentaram níveis de HAQ de moderado a grave. A média do PCS (Physical Component Summary) do SF-12 foi de 31,5 pontos (intervalo 15,2 - 59,5; DP= 10,1) e o MCS (Mental Component Summary) foi de 37,9 pontos (intervalo 15,7 - 66,4; DP = 14,6). Foram fatores determinantes das medidas de CVRS a evolução acima de um ano e o nível de atividade. CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo demonstra o grande transtorno que a AR representa para os pacientes em razão da dor, do comprometimento do estado geral, da capacidade funcional, da situação de trabalho e CVRS física e emocional. Destaca-se a necessidade de implementar mudanças na abordagem terapêutica dessa população especialmente vulnerável.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the impact of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) on functional working status, and health-related quality of life (HRQL) of patients. METHODS: This is a descriptive study with 53 patients from a public rheumatology center in Montevideo, Uruguay. A series of instruments were used to assess pain, functional impairment, HRQL, and activity level: P-VAS (Pain Visual Analogue Scale), G-VAS (Global Status Visual Analogue Scale), HAQ (Health Assessment Questionnaire), SF-12 (Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 12), and DAS 28 (Disease Activity Score). Linear regression coeficients, t test, and ANOVA were used to investigate the associations among several independent parameters and the HRQL. Correlations between the assessments of general well-being made by physicians and patients were studied using the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). RESULTS: High levels of disease activity (41.5 percent, severe activity; 26.5 percent, low activity or remission), severe pain (60 percent), and impact on global health status (median G-VAS 40, range: 0-100) were observed. More than 70 percent of the patients had HAQ rates indicating moderate to severe disability. The SF-12 PCS (Physical component Summary) had mean scores of 31.5 points (range 15.2- 59.5; SD=10.1) while those of the MCS (Mental Component Summary) were 37.9 points (range: 15.7 - 66.4; SD=14.6). One or more years of disease evolution and the level of activity were determining factors of HRQL scores. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that RA is associated with higher disease burden, reflected on pain, impact on global health, and functional and working status, as well as the physical and emotional dimensions of the HRQL. The need for changes in the treatment of this psychologically vulnerable group of patients is paramount.

Validity of Estimating EuroQol (EQ5D) from a Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) / 대한류마티스학회지

OBJECTIVE: Assessment of health-related quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has become important in health research. Health economists have used linear regression equations to mathematically transform changes in HAQ scores into EQ5D data, which can be used to calculate quality adjusted life years (QALYs). We aimed to examine whether a given approach is justified. METHODS: A total of 223 patients with RA were recruited from the Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases at Hanyang University. They completed the HAQ and EQ5D and a correlation analysis was performed between the two instruments. We compared HAQ and EQ5D score changes for patients who completed the EQ5D and HAQ at first and second visits (n=159). Predicted EQ5D was estimated from the HAQ using the calculating method of Bansnack et al. The mean difference between the predicted EQ5D from the HAQ and observed health utility score at the first visit and change during the study were tested by the paired t-test. RESULTS: In the cross-sectional study, EQ5D scores were moderately inversely correlated with HAQ (r=-0.716, p<0.001). However, the predicted EQ5D from the HAQ was significantly different from the observed EQ5D (p=0.001; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.020~0.079). The change in EQ5D was also inversely correlated with the change in the HAQ (r=-0.615, p<0.001), and change in the predicted EQ5D scores corresponded well with changes in observed health utility scores (p=0.155; 95% CI (-0.0873~0.0140). CONCLUSION: Changes in predicted EQ5D corresponded with observer changes in EQ5D, suggesting that it may be better to use predicted EQ5D form HAQ to identify change in the quality of life.

Comorbilidad y mortalidad en una cohorte de pacientes cubanos con artritis reumatoide / Morbidity and mortality present in a group of Cuban patients presenting with rheumatoid arthritis

La esperanza de vida en la artritis reumatoide (AR) es inferior a la de poblaciones control y existe estrecha relación con la comorbilidad. Identificar la frecuencia de la comorbilidad, mortalidad y variables relacionadas con su incremento. La muestra fue de 172 enfermos que cumplieron criterios del Colegio Americano de Reumatología, vistos en la Sección de Reumatología del Hospital Universitario Cmdte Manuel Fajardo en un período de 6 años. Se midieron 13 variables a 136 pacientes y se compararon con las de los fallecidos en dicho período, se realizaron medidas de tendencia central, dispersión, porcentajes, comorbilidad y relación con la mortalidad. El 65,1 por ciento de los casos tuvo comorbilidades (media de 1,58 por paciente), las más frecuentes fueron: hipertensión arterial (26,7 por ciento), diabetes mellitus (9,3 por ciento) y enfermedad tiroidea (8,7 por ciento). Hubo 9 fallecidos y una tasa de mortalidad de 5,2 por ciento; las causas de muerte mßs frecuentes fueron la enfermedad cardiovascular y el sangrado digestivo. En los fallecidos, las cifras más altas se hallaron en las variables: edad media (65,2 vs. 55,9), bajo nivel cultural (88,8 vs. 36,7 por ciento), velocidad de sedimentación globular (77 ± 29,9 vs. 49,8 ± 30,7) cuestionario autoaplicado para medir incapacidad (1,7 ± 0,74 vs. 0,9 ± 0,65) y comorbilidad (2,67 vs. 1,57). Más de la mitad de los pacientes tuvo comorbilidades, la mortalidad fue baja. El bajo nivel cultural, la velocidad de sedimentación globular, el cuestionario autoaplicado para medir incapacidad y el número de comorbilidades se relacionaron estrechamente con la mortalidad.

Life expectancy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is lower than that of control-populations, and there is a close relationship with morbidity. Objectives: to identify frequency of morbidity, mortality, and variables related to its increase. Sample included 172 sick persons fulfilled criteria of American College of Rheumatology, seen in Rheumatology Service of Comandante Manuel Fajardo University Hospital during 6 years. In 136 patients 13 variables were measured and were compared with that of deceased in such period and we applied measures of central trend, dispersion, percentages, morbidity, and relationship with mortality. The 65.1 percent of cases had morbidities (mean of 1.58 by patient), where the more frequent included: high blood pressure/26.7 percent, diabetes mellitus/9.3 percent, and thyroid disease/8.7 percent. There were 9 deceased and a mortality rate of 5.2 percent; the more frequent causes were: cardiovascular disease, and digestive bleeding. In deceased ones, higher figures were present in following variables: mean age (65.2 percent versus 55.9 percent), low cultural level (88.8 versus 36.7 percent), globular sedimentation speed (77 ± 29,9 versus 49.8 ± 40.7), self-applied questionnaire to measure inability, and the number or morbidities was closely related to mortality.

Factor reumatoide: asociación con la erosión radiológica y actividad de la artritis reumatoide / Rheumatoid factor: association with the radiological erosion and with the rheumatoid arthritis activity

Objetivo: Definir la relación del factor reumatoide (FR) con la erosión articular radiológica, la actividad de la enfermedad y la discapacidad funcional de la artritis reumatoide (AR). Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal con 209 pacientes con AR establecida, de estos, 74 con AR de corta evolución (= 2 años). Se evaluaron los indicadores siguientes: FR por aglutinación del látex (FR-A), FR por inmunoturbidimetría automatizada (FR-T), velocidad de eritrosedimentación (VSG), proteína C reactiva (PCR), índice de actividad de la enfermedad (Disease Activity Score 28, DAS28), índice de discapacidad funcional (Health Assessment Questionnaire score, HAQ) y la presencia de erosiones radiológicas. Resultados: El 77 por ciento de los pacientes positivos de FR-A y el 73 por ciento de los positivos para el FR-T presentaron erosiones radiológicas, opuestamente al 38 por ciento de los negativos para el FR-A (p<0,001) y al 14 por ciento de los negativos para el FR-T (p<0,001). Las cifras medias del FR-A de los pacientes según los 4 grados de afectación articular (máximo: > 6 articulaciones erosionadas; mínimo: 0 erosión, < 6 articulaciones inflamadas) fueron de: 484; 162; 57 y 17 UI/mL (p<0,001); y las del FR-T de: 277; 185; 22 y 33 UI/mL (p<0,01). El valor predictivo positivo (VPP) para la erosión del FR-A >512 UI/mL fue de 92 por ciento y el del FR-T >97 UI/mL fue de 96 por ciento. Los valores medios del DAS28 en los pacientes positivos de FR-A y FR-T fueron de 5,04 y 4,94, respectivamente, mientras que, en los negativos fueron de 4,26 y 3,97 (p<0,001 para ambos); y los del HAQ de 1,31 y 1,29 en los positivos de FR-A y FR-T, respectivamente, mientras que en los negativos de 0,99 y 0,89 (p<0,01 para ambos). Se encontró correlación entre las cifras del FR por ambos métodos y las de VSG, PCR, DAS28 y HAQ (p<0,05 o p<0,01). Conclusiones: Niveles altos del FR se corresponden con un grado mayor de inflamación y destrucción articular en la AR.

Objective: to define the relation of the rheumatoid factor with the radiological articular erosion, the activity of the disease and the functional disability of rheumatoid artritis (RA). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 209 patients with RA. Of them, 74 with RA of short evolution (= 2 years). The following indicators were evaluated: RhF by latex agglutination (RhF-A), RhF by automated immunoturbidimetry (RhF-T), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS 28), functional disability index (Health Assessment Questionnaire score, HAQ), and the presence of radiological erosions. Results: 77 percent of the RhF-A positive patients and 73 percent of the RhF-T positive patients presented radiological erosions in contrast with 38 percent of the RhF-A negative patients (p<0.001) and with 14 percent of the RhF-T negative cases (p<0.001). The mean RhF-A figures of the patients according to the 4 grades of articular affectation (maximum: > 6 eroded articulations; minimum: 0 erosion; < 6 swollen articulations) were 484, 162, 57 and 17 UI/mL (p<0.001), whereas those of RhF-T were 277, 185, 22 and 33 UI/mL (p<0,01). The positive predictive value (PPV) for the erosion of RhF-A >512 UI/mL was 92 percent, and that of RhF-T >97 UI/mL was 96 percent. The mean values of DAS28 in the RhF-A and RhF-T positive patients were 5.04 and 4.94, respectively. In the negative, these values were 4.26 and 3.97 (p<0.001 for both). The HAQ values were 1.31 and 1.29 in the RhF-A and RhF-T positive patients, respectively, while in the negative they were 0.99 and 0.89 (p<0.01 for both). Correlation was found between the RhF figures by both methods and those of ESR, CRP, DAS28 and HAQ (p<0.05 or p<0.01). Conclusions: High levels of RhF correspond with a higher degree of inflammation and articular destruction in the rheumatoid arthritis.

Health-Related Quality of Life in Korean Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis / 대한류마티스학회지

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQOL), to examine the correlation among each measurement, and to identify the predictor for HRQOL in Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: The HRQOL and clinical and laboratory parameters were assessed by Short Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36), EuroQol5 Dimensions (EQ-5D), time trade off (TTO) and standard gamble (SG) using computer software, Centers for Epidemiologic StudiesDepression (CES-D), social support, self-efficacy scale, Korean Health Assessment Questionnaire (KHAQ), functional class, radiologic classification, morning stiffness, Ritchie index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and c-reactive protein (CRP) respectively from 100 outpatients with RA. And the data of the SF-36 and EQ-5D in RA patients were compared with those in 228 healthy controls. RESULTS: Of the 100 subjects with RA, 93 (93 %) were women with mean age of 51.7+/-9.8 years. The mean years of disease onset were 11.16+/-9.23. The mean scores of SF-36 global health (GH), mental component summary (MCS) and physical component summary (PCS) were 51.5+/-20.6, 61.6+/-26.6, and 47.1+/-24.1, respectively. The mean EQ-5D utility and visual analog scale (VAS) score were 0.58+/-0.3 and 61.7+/-20.5, respectively. The mean scores of the TTO and SG were 0.56+/-0.58 and 0.51+/-0.39. The SF-36 and EQ-5D scores in RA patients were significantly lower than those in healthy controls. The mean scores of 8 KHAQ disability index and visual analog pain scale were 0.83+/-0.65 and 50.0+/-23.7, respectively. The mean scores of CES-D, self-efficacy scale, social support, and social network were 9.67+/-6.76, 68.2+/-15.2, 2.37+/-0.19, and 2.19+/-0.55, respectively. The KHAQ mean score was negatively correlated with the scores of SF-36 GH, MCS, PCS, EQ-5D utility, EQ-5D VAS score, social support, social network (r=-0.62, r=-0.47, r=-0.64, r=-0.60, r=-0.39, r=-0.26, r=-0.36, respectively, all p's<0.001), and self-efficacy scale (r=-0.24, p=0.02), and positively correlated with the CES-D (r=0.61, p<0.001). In multivariate models, the predicting variables of SF-36 GH were KHAQ and self-efficacy scale. The predicting variables of SF-36 MCS were age, KHAQ, and self-efficacy scale and the predicting variables of SF-36 PCS were age, income, KHAQ, and self-efficacy scale. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that HRQOL in Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis is significantly lower than healthy control. The age, HAQ, CES-D, self-efficacy scale were meaningful variables that was significantly correlated with HRQOL. Therefore, the efforts to improve HRQOL may be designed to improve the self-efficacy and the depression in addition to conventional treatment.