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Background: Prenatal estimation of birth-weight is of utmost importance to predict the mode of delivery. This is also an important parameter of antenatal care. This study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of estimated fetal weight by ultrasound, compared with actual birth weight.Methods: This was a prospective and comparative study comprising 110 pregnant women at term. Patients who had their sonography done within 7 days from date of delivery were included. Fetal weight was estimated by Hadlock 2 formula, the software of which was preinstalled in ultrasound-machine. The estimated fetal weight was compared to the post-delivery birth-weight. The Pearson's correlation coefficient was used and the accuracy of sonographic fetal weight estimation was evaluated using mean error, mean absolute error, mean percentage error, mean absolute percentage error and proportion of estimates within 10% of actual birth weight.Results: Mean estimated and actual birth weights were 3120.8±349.4 gm and 3088.2±404.5 g respectively. There was strong positive correlation between estimated fetal weight and actual birth weight (r = 0.58, p<0.001). The mean percentage error and mean absolute percentage error of ultrasound fetal weight estimations were 1.96±11.8% and 8.7±8.2% respectively. The percentage of estimates within ±10% of the actual birth weight was found to be 67.3%. In 23% of the cases, ultrasound overestimated the birth weight. In 13% of the cases, ultrasound underestimated the birth weight.Conclusions: There was strong positive correlation between actual and sonographically estimated fetal weight. So, ultrasonography can be considered as useful tool for estimating the fetal weight for improving the perinatal outcome.
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Background: Accurate estimation of fetal weight is of paramount importance in the management of labour and childbirth. In developing countries including India, estimation of fetal weight by clinical method is important as ultrasound is not available in all health care settings. In view of this, the present study was conducted to estimate the fetal weight assessed by clinical and ultrasound method and correlating with the birth weight.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate fetal weight clinically by using Johnson’s formula and sonographically based on Hadlock’s formula in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in collaboration with Department of Radiodiagnosis, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal from October 2016 to March 2018. The study consisted of 525 pregnant women between 37 to 40 weeks of gestation in whom delivery was anticipated within one week of fetal weight estimation by clinical and ultrasound method and correlating it with the baby’s birth weight measured immediately after delivery. Analysis was done using Chi-square and Student’s t-test and p-value of <0.05 was taken as significant.Results: Both methods showed positive correlation with birth weight but clinical method (r=0.925) had stronger correlation compared with ultrasound method (r=0.508).Conclusions: Fetal weight estimation using Johnson’s formula had stronger correlation with the birth weight than ultrasound method and hence, useful for developing countries and all health care workers may be sensitized about the method.
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Objective:This study was to estimate the fetal weight in term pregnancy by clinical methods and ultrasound and to compare the results with actual birth weight (ABW). Material and Methods:This study was conducted at a tertiary care center, Alluri Sita Ramaraju Academy of Medical Sciences. It was a prospective study covering 100 pregnant women at term gestation. Results:Estimated birth weight by abdominal girth × symphysis fundal height (AG × SFH) formula was closest to the ABW(P= 0.060), as compared to the estimated birth weight by Johnson's formula (P = 0.000) and Hadlock's formula (P = 0.000). Therefore, of the three formulae studied, AG × SFH formula had better predictive value as compared to Johnson's and Hadlock's formulae. The accuracy of AG × SFH (Insler's formula) for estimating the fetal weight at term was found to be comparable to Hadlock's formula (P= 0.104). Conclusion: Clinical estimation of birth weight definitely has a role in the management of labor and delivery. AG × SFH is a simple, easy, cost-effective, and universally applicable method to predict fetal birth weight which can be used even by paramedics like midwives and also in centers where ultrasound is not available.
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Objective To explore the predictive accuracy of two estimated fetal weight ( EFW ) standards ( INTERGROWT H and Hadlock) and Doppler parameters for late-onset fetal growth restriction ( FGR) . Methods A prospective cohort of women with singleton pregnancies who attended research scans and had a livebirth at the obstetrics and gynecology hospital of Fudan University during 32 - 41 weeks of gestation was involved . The markers of ultrasound examinations (including growth measurements ,umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery parameters) were obtained every two weeks . The INTERGROWT H -EFWc and Hadlock-EFWc data were obtained from the last ultrasonography ( within 7 days before delivery) and were used to predict later-onset FGR in a single model or in combined models with other Doppler parameters by logistic regression analyses ,respectively . According to delivery gestation of age and Chinese birth weight (BW) standards ,all cases were divided into a control group ( non-FGR ,BW ≥ 10th ％ ) and a FGR group ( Late-onset FGR ,BW < 10th ％ ) . ROC curve analyses were performed to compare the predictive accuracy for the late-onset FGR between the Hadlock-EFWc and INTERGROWT H-EFWc . Results A total of 820 eligible women were identified and 676 had finished the follow-up and were enrolled in this prospective cohort study . Among them ,116 neonates were assigned to the late-onset FGR group ,and 560 as control group ( non-FGR) . The cut-off value of the INTERGROWT H-EFWc was percentile 27 .5 ,at which had a sensitivity and specificity of 71 .4％ and 83 .7％ . The corresponding sensitivity and specificity were 87 .3％ and 82 .8％ at a cut-off value of percentile 22 .6 of the Hadlock-EFWc . The Hadlock-EFWc had a higher predictive accuracy for the late-onset FGR than the INTERGROWT H-EFWc ,their AUC were 0 .930 ( 0 .908 - 0 .953 ) and 0 .847 ( 0 .807 - 0 .888 ) ,respectively . The accuracy of Doppler single-parameter ( umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery) for late-onset FGR were low ( AUC < 0 .7) ,but the accuracy of combined model- Ⅰ and Ⅱ were high ( AUC 0 .865 and 0 .936 ,respectively) ,similar to their corresponding EFWc models ,respectively . Conclusions The INTERGROWT H-EFWc could predict effectively for late-onset FGR ,however ,its predictive accuracy is lower than that of the Hadlock-EFWc . The predictive accuracy of Doppler parameters for late-onset FGR are poor ,routine monitoring of non-selected populations is not recommended .
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Introducción: el bajo peso al nacer trae consigo un aumento de la morbilidad y mortalidad del recién nacido, identificar los grupos de riesgo que aportan el mayor número, orientará a la búsqueda de posibles soluciones.Objetivos: caracterizar el comportamiento del bajo peso al nacer en el municipio de Güira de Melena en el período de enero de 2000 a diciembre de 2012.Métodos: se realizó una investigación observacional descriptiva, con todos los recién nacidos del municipio Güira de Melena en el período de enero de 2000 a diciembre de 2012. Se obtuvo una muestra de 309 bajo peso de un universo de 5 072 recién nacidos. Los datos fueron recolectados de los archivos de registro de nacimientos. Para el análisis de los resultados se utilizó el programa estadístico EPIDAT versión 3.0 para Windows, los cuales se expresaron de forma porcentual para su mejor comprensión.Resultados: del total de nacidos vivos, 309 fueron bajo peso para 6,1 porciento, el grupo con edad materna mayor de 35 años exhibió la mayor frecuencia. Se encontró que 217 fueron restricción del crecimiento intrauterino, lo que arrojó el 70,2 porciento, la edad superior a 35 años fue la de mayor aporte, 86,3 porciento; la morbimortalidad del bajo peso fue mayor en los de peso extremo.Conclusiones: las edades extremas en la etapa reproductiva de la mujer fueron las que mayores índices de bajo peso aportaron, la restricción del crecimiento intrauterino el tipo de bajo peso que predominó y dentro de este aquellos que se encontraron por debajo del tercer percentil para su edad gestacional.
Introduction: low weight at birth brings about an increase of morbimortality of the new born child. Identifying the risk groups that supply the highest number of these cases will lead the search for possible situations.Objectives: to characterize the behavior of low weight at birth in the municipality of Güira de Melena in the period from January 2000 to December 2012.Methods: an observational descriptive research was carried out including all the new born children in the municipality of Güira de Melena in the period from January 2000 to December 2012. A sample of 309 low weights was taken from a universe of 5072 new born children. The data was collected from the birth register files and statistics EPIDAT program with 3.0 versions were reported in tables in perceptual form for their best understanding.Results: from the total number of new born children alive, 309 were low weight representing 6.1 percent. Mothers older than 35 years showed the highest frequency. From the total number of low weight 217 were found to be intra uterine slow growth for 70.2 percent. Ages higher than 35 years old supplied 86.3 percent of the cases. The morbimortality of low weight was greater in children with extreme weight.Conclusions: the limit reproductive stages of women were the ones that supplied higher rates of low weight. The intra uterine slow growth was the most outstanding type of low weight at birth, and within it, those which were found under the third percentage for their gestational age.