Utilização de serviços de saúde por imigrantes haitianos na grande Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil / Use of health services by Haitian immigrants in Cuiabá-Mato Grosso, Brazil

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a utilização de serviços de saúde por imigrantes haitianos residentes na grande Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com uma amostra probabilística de 452 imigrantes haitianos residentes em Cuiabá e Várzea Grande, entrevistados entre dezembro de 2014 e fevereiro de 2015. Foram avaliadas as características sociodemográficas e de saúde, hábitos de vida e a utilização dos serviços de saúde. Na análise dos dados foram calculados o teste de Qui-quadrado e a Regressão de Poisson para investigar os fatores associados à utilização dos serviços de saúde. Verificou-se que 45,6% dos entrevistados utilizaram algum serviço de saúde no Brasil, sendo maior a prevalência entre as mulheres, aqueles com maior renda, maior tempo de residência no Brasil, melhor entendimento da língua portuguesa e que autoavaliaram sua saúde como ruim. Os principais serviços utilizados foram Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) e atendimento de urgência e emergência públicos. Conclui-se que os imigrantes foram assistidos pelo SUS em acordo com o princípio constitucional do direito à saúde no Brasil.

Abstract This paper aims to analyze the use of health services by Haitian immigrants in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. This is a cross-sectional study with a random sample of 452 Haitian immigrants in Cuiabá and Várzea Grande, interviewed between December 2014 and February 2015. Sociodemographic and health characteristics, lifestyle factors, and the use of health services were evaluated. Data analysis included Chi-square test and Poisson regression to investigate the factors associated with the use of health services. We found that 45.6% of respondents used some health service in Brazil, with a higher prevalence of use among women, those with higher income, longer residence time in Brazil, better understanding of the Portuguese language, and with poor self-reported health. The PHC Unit (UBS) and public urgent and emergency care were the primary services used. We conclude by saying that the SUS assisted the immigrants under the Brazilian constitutional principle of the right to health.

Caracterización de la vaginosis bacteriana en mujeres haitianas / Characterization of bacterial vaginosis in Haitian women

Introducción: el flujo vaginal es uno de los motivos más frecuentes de consulta en un servicio de Ginecología y la vaginosis bacteriana, una de sus principales causas. Objetivo: caracterizar la vaginosis bacteriana en mujeres haitianas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio epidemiológico, observacional, descriptivo y transversal en el Hospital Fort Michelle, Haití, durante el primer semestre de 2009 en un universo de 230 mujeres mayores de 20 años con flujo vaginal, del cual se seleccionó una muestra de 65 pacientes que resultaron positivas de la enfermedad, aplicados los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Resultados: el 41,7% del universo de estudio fue positivo de infección. Los factores de riesgo más frecuentes fueron promiscuidad, inicio precoz de las relaciones sexuales, no uso del preservativo y soltería. En cuanto a la etiología de la infección vaginal, predominó la vaginosis bacteriana (67,7 %), el 46,1% de las pacientes tenía entre 20 y 30 años, el 69,2 % no tenía estabilidad conyugal, el 81,5 % inició las relaciones sexuales antes de los 21 años, el 53,8 % no utilizaba ningún tipo de protección, el 61,5 % refirió promiscuidad y el 84,6 % algún tipo de antecedente ginecológico, con predominio de la inflamación pélvica crónica (30,8 %). El 46,2 % refirió varios síntomas, con predominio de la colporrea como síntoma aislado (24,6 %). Conclusiones: se detectó una alta incidencia de vaginosis bacteriana entre las pacientes con infección vaginal y predominio de factores de riesgo conocidos.

Introduction: vaginal discharge is one of the most frequent reasons for consultation in a Gynecology and bacterial vaginosis isone of its main causes. Objective: to characterize the bacterial vaginosis in Haitian women. Methods: an epidemiological, observational, descriptive and transversal study was conducted at Fort Michelle Hospital inHaiti, from the first half of 2009. The universe of this study was 230 women older than 20 years with vaginal discharge. We selected a sample of 65 patients that were positive for the disease after it was applied the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: 41.7 % of this study universe was positive of infection. The most common risk factors were promiscuity, early onset of sexual intercourse, none condom use and singleness. Regarding the etiology of vaginal infection, bacterial vaginosis prevailed (67.7 %), 46.1 % of the patients aged 20-30 years, 69.2 % had no marital stability, 81.5 % had their first sexual intercourse earlier than age 21, 53.8 % did not use any protection, 61.5% reported promiscuity, and 84.6 % had some form of gynecological history, with a predominance of chronic pelvic inflammation (30.8 %). 46.2 % reported various symptoms, mostly colporrhagia as an isolated symptom (24.6 %). Conclusions: there was a high incidence of bacterial vaginosis among patients with vaginal infection and prevalence of known risk factors.