RESUMEN
Se presenta una propuesta de estrategia docente del módulo de ASIS, que partió de una investigación anterior en la que se evaluaron conocimientos y habilidades adquiridos por los residentes venezolanos de MGI del estado Trujillo. Para ello se revisó el plan de estudios de la especialidad y del módulo Análisis de la situación de salud (ASIS), y se aplicó una entrevista a expertos que de conjunto con la aplicación de métodos teóricos permitieron la contrastación de la información y la elaboración de la estrategia. Los expertos plantearon que las formas organizativas de enseñanza y el tiempo planificado afectan el logro del objetivo, que es insuficiente la vinculación teórico-práctica y deficiencias en el sistema evaluativo. Se presenta como producto final una estrategia metodológica sustentada en la utilización de diversas formas organizativas de enseñanza, un sistema de tareas docentes y en cambios en el sistema de evaluación
A teaching strategy for the Health Situation Analysis (HSA), which stemmed from a previous research on the knowledge and skills acquired by the Venezuelan Comprehensive General Medicine residents in Trujillo state, was submitted in this paper. To this end, the review of the specialty curriculum and the HAS module, together with the administration of interviews to experts and the implementation of theoretical methods allowed contrasting the information collected with the drawing up of the strategy. The experts stated that the organizational forms of teaching and the time schedule were against the attainment of the objective, the linking of theory and practice was inadequate, and the evaluation systems had failures. The end product presented here is a methodological strategy supported on the use of several organizational forms of teaching, on a teaching task system and on a set of changes in the evaluation system
Asunto(s)
Medicina General , Especialización , Planificación EstratégicaRESUMEN
A avaliação da atenção à hipertensão arterial pelas equipes de Saúde da Família do Recife (PE) foi realizada por meio de uma avaliação normativa da estrutura e do processo de trabalho e da análise de alguns elementos contextuais. Para tanto, foram entrevistados os médicos e enfermeiros de uma amostra aleatória representativa que abrangeu 72 equipes e os coordenadores do programa de hipertensão, além da análise de documentos oficiais. Para definição do grau de implantação, foi utilizado um sistema de escores que permitiu classificá-lo em excelente (90-100 por cento das atividades implantadas); satisfatório (70-79 por cento); insatisfatório (50-69 por cento); e crítico (<50 por cento). Foi detectada uma importante fragilidade na atenção ao hipertenso. A ausência de coordenação geral do programa de hipertensão no nível central e a insipiência das coordenações nos distritos sanitários contribuíram para o baixo desempenho encontrado. O grau de implantação foi considerado insatisfatório, sendo identificados problemas relativos à adequação da área física, deficiência de insumos, inadequada qualificação profissional na atenção ao hipertenso e um insipiente uso da informação para o planejamento das ações.
The implementation analysis of the arterial hypertension care by the Family Health teams in Recife city (Pernambuco, Brazil) was based on a normative evaluation of the structure and work process and analysis of some context elements. An interview was applied to a randomized sample of doctors and nurses of 72 Family Health teams and the hypertension programme coordinator, and official documents were analyzed. A score system was used to classify the performance of the implementation level in excellent (when 90-100 percent of activities were implemented); adequate (70-79 percent); inadequate (50-69 percent); and critical (<50 percent). The results show a significant weakness in the arterial hypertension care by the Family Health teams in Recife. The absence of specific programme coordination is related to the low performance observed. The implementation level was considered inadequate and some problems were identified due to the poor infrastructure, deficient inputs, low professional qualification for hypertension care and insipient use of information for planning the actions.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Hipertensión/terapia , Brasil , Salud de la Familia , Grupo de Atención al Paciente , Atención Primaria de SaludRESUMEN
O coquinho-azedo (Butia capitata Mart. Becc.) é uma palmeira nativa dos cerrados brasileiros e seus frutos são fonte de alimento para seres humanos e animais. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram identificar e quantificar os microorganismos nas sementes dessa espécie, utilizando análises "blotter test" e meio Batata-dextrose-ágar (BDA). Amostras foram colhidas em Abóboras, distrito de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais (MG) e, em um esquema fatorial 2 x 2, as sementes com e sem endocarpo foram analisadas pelo "blotter test" e BDA, empregando-se o delineamento inteiramente casualisado, com 10 repetições. Essas sementes apresentaram microflora diversificada e a retirada do endocarpo não interferiu na análise microbiológica do coquinho-azedo. Mais espécies de microorganismos foram recuperadas na análise no meio BDA, com predominância de fungos Fusarium spp. e Penicillium spp., independentemente da análise. Portanto, a maior parte da microflora identificada nesse trabalho foi fúngica e o melhor teste foi o crescimento em BDA.
Coquinho-azedo (Butia capitata Mart. Becc.) is a Brazilian Cerrado native palm tree. Its fruit is used as food to human and animals. This record aim was to identify the microorganisms in the seeds of this species, using the "blotter test" and potato-dextrose-agar (PDA) medium. Samples were collected in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais State. In a factorial scheme 2 x 2, seeds with or without endocarp, were analysed by blotter test" and BDA, using a randomly designed with ten replications. These seeds presented a diversified microorganism population and endocarp removing did not interfere in coquinho-azedo microbiological analysis. Greater numbers of microorganism species were recovered in PDA medium, and mostly were Fusarium spp. and Penicillium spp. This study concluded that predominantly B. capitata microorganism population was fungus and PDA was better medium.
RESUMEN
Goto mentioned that we should consider the Continuing Education Unit (CEU) system, or the additional training after graduation which fulfills the conditions for the practitioner of acupuncture and moxibustion to function as a national health care provider. There he entertained another proposal that it was necessary to also consider some special education before the graduation. Moreover, he proposed considering the license renewal nature as appeal into society. Yamada said that the essence of an acupuncture and moxibustion therapy was to alleviate the general malaise. That is, a home practitioner of acupuncture and moxibustion in stead of a family physician. It was said that the establishment of the CEU system required that a consorted effort of acupuncture colleges, the industry, and the academia. Kitakouji introduced their CEU system developed with the cooperation of the Meiji College of Oriental Medicine Teaching Hospital and the Acupuncture and Moxibustion Center. The content of trainings after the graduation is set to teach how to communicate and work accordingly with the physicians. Ogawa suggested that we should make a new advanced licensure system (license to practice). Yamaoka introduced the after graduation training program at the Foundation for Oriental Medicine Research, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital. Following are the the contents of training- (1) Moxibustion Technique and Care, (2) Approach from the point of the Whole Person Medicine (Chronological Health Analysis), etc.