Necessidade e dinâmica da força de trabalho na Atenção Básica de Saúde no Brasil / Needs and dynamics of the Primary Healthcare workforce in Brazil

Resumo A Atenção Básica e a Força de Trabalho em Saúde podem ser consideradas os grandes desafios do SUS, principalmente nas duas últimas décadas. Este artigo teve como objetivo descrever o crescimento e a distribuição regional das profissões de nível superior cadastradas em UBS. Estudo descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa, sobre as catorze profissões de nível superior nas cinco regiões brasileiras, de 2008 a 2013. Entre as categorias profissionais com as maiores taxas de crescimento nacional estão os professores de educação física, os nutricionistas, os terapeutas ocupacionais, os fisioterapeutas e os farmacêuticos. No Norte, a fisioterapia, o serviço social e a fonoaudiologia se destacaram com as maiores taxas de crescimento; no Nordeste, a educação física, a fisioterapia e a terapia ocupacional; no Centro-Oeste, os destaques são a nutrição e a fisioterapia; no Sudeste, nutrição e farmácia; e a educação física apresentou crescimento proeminente no Sul. As maiores perdas ocorreram nas profissões biólogo e médico veterinário, em todas as regiões. De modo geral, as categorias profissionais que podem compor o NASF apresentaram crescimento superior aos enfermeiros e médicos.

Abstract Primary care and the healthcare workforce can be considered the greatest challenges of SUS (Sistema Único de Saúde), principally in recent decades. This article aims to describe the growth and regional distribution of the professions requiring higher education registered in the primary healthcare units. This descriptive study with a quantitative approach is concerned with the 14 accredited professions in the five major regions of Brazil from 2008 to 2013. The data was collected from the national database of the Ministry of Health. Among the professional categories with the greatest rates of national growth are physical education teachers, nutritionists, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, and pharmacists. In the North region of Brazil, physiotherapy, social work, and speech therapy stand out as having the greatest growth rates; in the Northeast, physical education, physiotherapy, and occupational therapy; and in the Center-West, nutrition and physiotherapy; in the Southeast, nutrition and pharmacology; and physical education showed prominent growth in the South. The major losses occurred in the professions of biologist and veterinary doctors in all regions. In general, the professional categories that comprise the Family Health Support Nuclei, NASF, demonstrate greater growth rates than nurses and doctors.

Frequência de taxa tuberculínica entre os trabalhadores do Hospital Antônio Pedro / Frecuencia de la tasa de tuberculosis entre los trabajadores del Hospital Antonio Pedro / Frequency of tuberculin rate among workers of the Hospital Antônio Pedro

Objective: describing the frequency of positivity rate of tuberculosis among the workers of a university hospital in the municipality of Niterói, in Rio de Janeiro, in the period from January 2008 to March 2011. Also, identifying in which sectors where the conversion of tuberculin evidence has occurred. Method: this is a transversal and retrospective study, of descriptive type, developed from a database provided by PCTH (Hospital Tuberculosis Control Program) of the referred university hospital in Niterói - RJ. Results: from the total of 663 employees, 261(39%) have presented a positivity rate in tuberculosis test, being 45% of them of male gender. The nutrition sector and the emergency sector were the ones that have presented the higher positivity rates in tuberculosis test, with, respectively, 12% and 13%. Both have had 10% of conversion rate of its professionals in three years. Conclusion: this survey indicates that there are risks of tuberculosis infection in healthcare units with incidence of tuberculosis cases.

Objetivo: descrever a frequência da taxa de positividade tuberculínica entre os trabalhadores de um hospital universitário do município de Niterói, RJ no período de janeiro de 2008 a março de 2011; - identificar os setores onde ocorreu conversão na prova tuberculina. Método: trata-se de um estudo transversal, retrospectivo, de tipo descritivo, desenvolvido a partir de um banco de dados fornecido pelo PCTH (programa de controle da tuberculose hospitalar) do referido hospital. Resultados: do total de 663 funcionários, 261(39%) apresentaram taxa de positividade na prova tuberculínica, sendo 45% do sexo masculino. Os setores que apresentaram maiores taxas de positividade na prova tuberculínica foram o serviço de nutrição (12%) e emergência (13%) onde a taxa de conversão entre os profissionais foi de 10% no período de 3 anos. Conclusão: este estudo indica que há risco de infecção tuberculosa em unidades de saúde com incidência de casos de tuberculose.

Objetivo: describir la tasa de frecuencia de positividad de tuberculosis entre los trabajadores de un hospital universitario de la ciudad de Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, en el período comprendido entre enero de 2008 y marzo de 2011; - identificar los sectores donde se produjo la conversión en la prueba tuberculina. Método: se trata de un estudio transversal y retrospectivo, de tipo descriptivo, desarrollado a partir de una base de datos proporcionada por PCTH (programa de control de tuberculosis hospitalaria) del referido hospital. Resultados: del total de 663 empleados, 261 (39%) mostraron positividad en la prueba tuberculina, siendo 45% hombres. Los sectores con las mayores tasas de positividad tuberculina fueron los servicios de nutrición (12%) y de emergencia (13%), donde la tasa de conversión entre los profesionales fue de 10% en 3 años. Conclusión: este estudio indica que hay riesgo de infección por tuberculosis en los centros de salud con la incidencia de la tuberculosis.

Exploration on a New Mode of training aid on healthcare talents of Western China by first class hospital / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective To promote professional training aid on healthcare talents in western China,this paper aims to explore methods and to evaluate the effectiveness of a new training system for underprivileged medical professionals from hospitals of western China.Methods Questionnaires and interviews were conducted to 115 trainees and their employers took part in the Counterpart Support Project.A retrospective analysis was done to evaluate key indicators of the trainees' professional competence.Results More than 90％ of the trainees have seen great improvement on basic healthcare knowledge,clinical skills,and diagnosis and treatment practice.About 80％ the participating hospitals have enjoyed varied degrees of growth in outpatient visits,surgical volume,number of inpatient and operational efficiency.(Increase level from 0％ to 50％) Conclusions Within the frist 3 years of implementation,this new model has been proven effective to enhance participants' overall professional competence,and by tapping into the significant resource of first class hospitals,this model will help greatly promoting the development of healthcare talents in Western China.