RESUMEN
Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance rates are increasing in both hospital and community settings, creating a favorable environment for the development of superbacteria. Therefore, local studies are necessary for the proper management of current antimicrobial arsenals and for addressing the current bacteriological scenario. Aim: The aim of this study is to profile bacterial epidemiology in a hospital in Curitiba, Brazil and associate it with the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy. Methodology: Data from 2019 to 2021 were collected by the Center for Epidemiology and Hospital Infection Control (CEHIC), and this was a quantitative single-center study. Results: The most commonly detected microorganisms were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, and Enterobacter cloacae. A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae had the lowest mean sensitivity coefficients, while S. aureus was the most sensitive. Erythromycin was the least effective antimicrobial agent, while daptomycin was the most effective. Conclusion: These results are consistent with the literature and can be used to optimize empiric therapies, as there are already important therapeutic failures associated with antimicrobial resistance.
Introdução: As taxas de resistência antimicrobiana estão em ascensão tanto em ambientes hospitalares como comunitários, criando um cenário propício para o desenvolvimento de superbactérias e, assim, torna-se necessário estudos locais para uma gestão adequada dos arsenais antimicrobianos atuais e frente ao cenário bacteriológico atual. Objetivo: O escopo desse estudo visa traçar o perfil epidemiológico bacteriano num hospital em Curitiba, Brasil e associá-lo à eficácia da terapia antimicrobiana. Metodologia: Os dados de 2019 a 2021 foram recolhidos pelo Centro de Epidemiologia e Controle de Infecções Hospitalares (CECIH), sendo este um estudo unicêntrico quantitativo. Resultados: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, e Enterobacter cloacae foram os microrganismos mais comuns detectados. A. baumannii e K. pneumoniae tinham as médias de coeficiente de sensibilidade mais baixas, enquanto S. aureus era o mais sensível. A eritromicina era o agente antimicrobiano menos eficaz, enquanto a daptomicina era o mais eficaz. Conclusão: Estes resultados estão de acordo com a literatura e podem ser utilizados para otimizar as terapias empíricas, visto que já há falhas terapêuticas importantes associadas a resistência antimicrobiana.
Introducción: Las tasas de resistencia antimicrobiana están en aumento tanto en el ámbito hospitalario como en el comunitario, creando un escenario propicio para el desarrollo de superbacterias, por lo que son necesarios estudios locales para una gestión adecuada de los actuales arsenales antimicrobianos y hacer frente al escenario bacteriológico actual. Objetivo: El alcance de este estudio pretende trazar el perfil epidemiológico bacteriano en un hospital de Curitiba, Brasil y asociarlo a la eficacia de la terapia antimicrobiana. Metodología: Los datos de 2019 a 2021 fueron recogidos por el Centro de Epidemiología y Control de Infecciones Hospitalarias (CECIH), siendo un estudio cuantitativo unicéntrico. Resultados: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis y Enterobacter cloacae fueron los microorganismos más frecuentes detectados. A. baumannii y K. pneumoniae presentaron los coeficientes medios de sensibilidad más bajos, mientras que S. aureus fue el más sensible. La eritromicina fue el agente antimicrobiano menos eficaz, mientras que la daptomicina fue el más eficaz. Conclusión: Estos resultados concuerdan con la literatura y pueden ser utilizados para optimizar las terapias empíricas, pues ya existen importantes fracasos terapéuticos asociados a la resistencia antimicrobiana.
RESUMEN
Objective: To sum up the experience of healthcare-acquired infection control against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan by a medical team from Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, so as to provide reference for the contain strategy of sudden infectious diseases in China. Methods: The whole process of prevention and control of HAI was implemented through methods such as management organization construction, institutional establishment and implementation, personnel training, occupational exposure planning, and introduction of hightech methods. Results: There were a total of 136 members in the medical team, including 30 doctors, 100 nurses, and 6 administrative staffs. None of them were infected with COVID-19, achieving zero infection among medical staff. Conclusion: Although the task of assisting Wuhan was tight in time, and materials and heavy, under the leadership of the team leader and the cooperation of all the staff, all measures were implemented, the training covered all the staff, and high-tech means were introduced to optimize the control strategy, achieving the goals of zero infections among medical staffs and zero cross infections among patients.