Facial representation of paroxysmal hemicrania and associated temporomandibular disorder: a case report / Hemicrania paroxística com representação na face e associação com disfunção temporomandibular: relato de caso

ABSTRACT Paroxysmal Hemicrania is a trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia described as a severe and strictly unilateral pain, which occurs in paroxysms at orbital, supraorbital and/ or temporal region. A 45-year-old woman presented to an orofacial pain specialist reporting severe, burning, throbbing, strictly right-sided headache associated to ipsilateral autonomic symptoms and orofacial pain. The pain was perceived on the maxillary region followed by pain spread to the head. Interdisciplinary evaluation, along with absolute responsiveness to indomethacin and normal Brain Magnetic Resonance imaging, led to the diagnosis of primary Episodic paroxysmal hemicrania with facial representation and myofascial pain of masticatory muscles. Dentists should be aware of paroxysmal hemicrania with facial representation and the possibility of temporomandibular disorder coexistence, in order to avoid misdiagnosis and inadequate management. Paroxysmal hemicrania may be first perceived on the face and may be associated with interparoxysmal pain. In these cases, efficient anamnesis and clinical evaluation followed by interdisciplinary approach is needed.

RESUMO A Hemicrania Paroxística é uma cefalalgia autonômica trigeminal descrita como uma dor severa e estritamente unilateral, que ocorre em paroxismos na região orbital, supraorbital e/ou temporal. Uma mulher de 45 anos de idade apresentou-se a um especialista em dor orofacial, referindo uma cefaleia intensa, ardente, latejante, estritamente do lado direito, associada a sintomas autonómicos ipsilaterais e dor orofacial. A dor era sentida na região maxilar, seguida de dor que se estendia à cabeça. A avaliação interdisciplinar, aliada à resposta absoluta à indometacina e à normalidade em ressonância magnética cerebral, levou ao diagnóstico de hemicrania paroxística episódica primária com representação facial e dor miofascial dos músculos mastigatórios. Os médicos dentistas devem estar atentos à hemicrania paroxística com representação facial e à possibilidade de coexistência de Disfunção Temporomandibular, de modo a evitar diagnósticos incorretos e um tratamento inadequado. A hemicrania paroxística pode ser percebida inicialmente na face e pode estar associada à dor interparoxística. Nesses casos, é necessária uma anamnese e avaliação clínica eficientes, seguidas de abordagem interdisciplinar.

Paroxysmal Hemicrania-Trigeminal Neuralgia (PH-Tic) syndrome with no structural lesion in a Brazilian woman: the first case-report / Síndrome de Neuralgia Paroxística Hemicrânia-Trigêmea (PH-Tic) sem lesão estrutural em mulher brasileira: primeiro relato de caso

Introduction: In Brazil there is only one case report of a patient diagnosed with Paroxysmal Hemicrania-Trigeminal (PH-Tic) syndrome reported, however it was observed in a patient with Chiari I malformation. Objective: Here, we describe the first case of primary PH-Tic syndrome in the country. Method: Case report. CARE guideline was used to guide the structuring of this article. This case report was approved by the ethics committee and has been registered under the protocol number 70705623.7.0000.5440 on "Plataforma Brasil". Results:A 72-year-old woman with a five-month history of headaches was admitted at our headache outpatient clinic. The pain was sharp, intense, localized in the periorbital and left temporal regions. Blood counts, liver, renal and thyroid function were normal, as well as brain magnetic resonance imaging. Despite using carbamazepine, the patient had pain in only the left side of the face. Indomethacin was added until the dose of 100 mg a day and resulted in improvement of headache frequency. Conclusion: PH-Tic should be hypothesized in patients with short-lasting headaches associated with facial pain that partially improve with carbamazepine or indomethacin.

Introdução: No Brasil há apenas um relato de caso de paciente com diagnóstico de síndrome Paroxística Hemicrania-Trigeminal (PH-Tic), porém foi observado em um paciente com malformação de Chiari I. Objetivo: Descrevemos aqui o primeiro caso de síndrome PH-Tic primária no país. Método: Relato de caso. A diretriz CARE foi utilizada para orientar a estruturação deste artigo. Este relato de caso foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética e registrado sob o número de protocolo 70705623.7.0000.5440 na "Plataforma Brasil". Resultados: Uma mulher de 72 anos com história de cefaleias há cinco meses foi internada em nosso ambulatório de cefaleias. A dor era aguda, intensa, localizada nas regiões periorbital e temporal esquerda. Os hemogramas, as funções hepática, renal e tireoidiana estavam normais, assim como a ressonância magnética cerebral. Apesar do uso de carbamazepina, o paciente apresentava dor apenas no lado esquerdo da face. A indometacina foi adicionada até a dose de 100 mg ao dia e resultou em melhora da frequência da cefaleia. Conclusão: O PH-Tic deve ser hipotetizado em pacientes com cefaleias de curta duração associadas a dores faciais que melhoram parcialmente com carbamazepina ou indometacina.

Guideline on the preventive treatment of chronic migraine, chronic tension type headache, hemicrania continua and new daily persistent headache on behalf of the Colombian Association of Neurology / Guía de la Asociación Colombiana de Neurología para el tratamiento preventivo de la migraña crónica, cefalea tipo tensión crónica, hemicránea continua y cefalea diaria persistente de novo

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: Chronic daily headache is a high impact entity in the general population. Although chronic migraine and tension-type headache are the most frequent conditions, it is necessary to consider hemicrania continua and new daily persistent headache as part of the differential diagnoses to perform a correct therapeutic approach. OBJECTIVE: To make recommendations for the treatment of chronic daily headache of primary origin METHODOLOGY: The Colombian Association of Neurology, by consensus and Grade methodology (Grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation), presents the recommendations for the preventive treatment of each of the entities of the daily chronic headache of primary origin group. RESULTS: For the treatment of chronic migraine, the Colombian Association of Neurology recommends onabotulinum toxin A, erenumab, topiramate, flunarizine, amitriptyline, and naratriptan. In chronic tension-type headache the recommended therapeutic options are amitriptyline, imipramine, venlafaxine and mirtazapine. Topiramate, melatonin, and celecoxib for the treatment of hemicrania continua. Options for new daily persistent headache include gabapentin and doxycycline. The recommendations for inpatient treatment of patients with chronic daily headache and the justifications for performing neural blockades as a therapeutic complement are also presented. CONCLUSION: The therapeutic recommendations for the treatment of chronic daily headache based on consensus methodology and Grade System are presented.

RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN: La cefalea crónica diaria es una entidad de alto impacto en la población general. Aunque la migraña crónica y la cefalea tipo tensión son las condiciones más frecuentes, es necesario considerar la hemicránea continua y la cefalea diaria persistente de novo como parte de los diagnósticos diferenciales para realizar un enfoque terapéutico correcto. OBJETIVO: Hacer recomendaciones para el tratamiento de la cefalea crónica diaria de origen primario METODOLOGÍA: La Asociación Colombiana de Neurología, mediante consenso y metodología GRADE (Grading of Reccomendations, Assesment, Development and Evaluation), presenta las recomendaciones para el tratamiento preventivo de cada una de las entidades del grupo de la cefalea crónica diaria de origen primario. RESULTADOS: Para el tratamiento de la migraña crónica, la Asociación Colombiana de Neurología recomienda onabotulinum toxina A, erenumab, galcanezumab, fremanezumab, topiramato, flunarizina, amitriptilina y naratriptan. En cefalea tipo tensional crónica las opciones terapéuticas recomendadas son amitriptilina, imipramina, venlafaxina y mirtazapina. Para el tratamiento de la hemicránea continua topiramato, melatonina y celecoxib. Las opciones para cefalea diaria persistente de novo incluyen gabapentin y doxiciclina. Se presentan adicionalmente las recomendaciones para el tratamiento intrahospitalario de los pacientes con cefalea crónica diaria y las justificaciones para la realización de bloqueos neurales como complemento terapéutico. CONCLUSIÓN: se presentan las recomendaciones terapéuticas para el tratamiento de la cefalea crónica diaria basado en metodología de consenso y sistema GRADE.

Análise de custo-efetividade da toxina onabotulínica A no tratamento preventivo da migrânea crônica sob a perspectiva do sistema privado de saúde do Brasil / Cost-effectiveness analysis of onabotulinumtoxinA in the preventive treatment of chronic migraine under the Brazilian private health care system perspective

Objetivo: Avaliar o custo-efetividade da toxina onabotulínica A (TB) versus ausência de tratamento "não tratar" (NT) da migrânea crônica refratária a pelo menos dois medicamentos em um Sistema de Saúde Suplementar. Métodos: Modelo analítico de decisão simulou desfechos e custos em 24 semanas. Os desfechos clínicos foram: dias com cefaleia (DC); dias com cefaleia moderada/severa (DCMS); episódios de cefaleia (EC); dias com migrânea (DM) e episódios de migrânea (EM). Para o braço NT, utilizaram-se os valores basais do placebo. Para o braço TB, utilizaram-se os valores basais aplicando as reduções relacionadas ao uso do tratamento. Os custos incluídos foram custos médicos diretos. Os dados que subsidiaram as análises foram extraídos da literatura. Avaliou-se uma aplicação de TB (155U) a cada 12 semanas, totalizando duas aplicações em 24 semanas. Custos foram extraídos de bases oficiais do Brasil. Considerou-se taxa de descontinuação de 3,8% para TB na semana 24. Análises de sensibilidade probabilística (ASP) e univariada (ASU) foram realizadas para o desfecho DM. Resultados: O uso de TB proporcionou redução de 52,42% nos DC; 47,97% nos DCMS; 37,60% nos EC; 50,49% nos DM; 35,68% nos EM e uma redução de R$ 1.193 com consulta médica e hospitalização. Houve incremento de R$ 8.646 com aplicação da TB, resultando numa Razão de Custo-Efetividade Incremental (RCEI) de R$ 142,16/DC; R$ 155,35/DCMS; R$ 198,22/EC; R$ 147,61/DM e R$ 208,85/EM. A ASP e ASU comprovaram os resultados do caso base. Conclusão: Uso de TB proporciona redução dos desfechos clínicos, variando de 44% a 49%, além de redução de 54% a 60% nos custos com visitas médicas e hospitalização.

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of onabotulinumtoxinA (OT) versus "no treatment" (NT) of chronic refractory migraine to at least two drugs in the Supplementary Brazilian Health Care System. Methods: An analytical decision model simulated outcomes and costs at 24 weeks. Clinical outcomes were: days with headache (DH); days with moderate/severe headache (DMSH); headache episodes (HE); days with migraine (DM) and episodes of migraine (EM). For the NT arm, the baseline values of placebo were used. For the OT arm, baseline values were used as reductions related to treatment use. Costs included were direct medical costs. The data that supported the analyzes were extracted from the literature. One OT application (155U) was evaluated every 12 weeks totaling 2 applications in 24 weeks. Costs were extracted from Brazilian official databases. A 3.8% discontinuation rate was considered for OT at week 24. Probabilistic (PSA) and univariate (USA) sensitivity analyzes were performed for the DM outcome. Results: The use of OT provided a reduction of 52.42% in DH; 47.97% in DMSH; 37.60% in HE; 50.49% in DM; 35.68% in EM and a reduction of R$ 1,193 with medical visits and hospitalization. There was an increase of R$ 8,646 with OT application; resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of R$ 142.16/DH; R$ 155.35/DMSH; R$ 198.22/HE; R$ 147.61/DM and R$ 208.85/EM. PSA and USA proved the base case results. Conclusion: Use of OT provides a reduction in clinical outcomes ranging from 44% to 49%, as well as a reduction of 54% to 60% in costs with medical visits and hospitalization.

Cefaleas trigémino autonómicas: 3 casos de localización dentomaxilar / Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias: 3 cases of dentomaxillar location

Las cefaleas trigemino autonómicas (CTAs: cefalea tipo cluster, hemicránea paroxística y el SUNCT) son un grupo de cefaleas primarias, caracterizadas por la presencia de dolor unilateral en la distribución somática del nervio trigémino, asociada a características autonómicas cráneofaciales ipsilaterales. A pesar de sus elementos comunes, de forma individual, difieren con respecto a su duración, frecuencia y la respuesta a indometacina. Se presentan tres casos de CTAs de localización primaria dentomaxilar, sus características comunes y particulares, y la necesidad del diagnóstico diferencial con cuadros dolorosos provenientes de estructuras estomatognáticas.

The Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias (TACs: Cluster headache, paroxysmal hemicrania and SUNCT) are a primary headache grouped characterized by the presence of unilateral pain in the somatic distribution of the trigeminal nerve, associated with craniofacial ipsilateral autonomic features. Despite their common elements, individually these headaches differ with respect to attack duration, frequency, and response to indomethacin.A three cases of TACs of dentomaxilar location is presented, common and particular characteristics, and the need for differential diagnosis with pain from stomatognathic structures.

The clinical research Chuanxiong-Chatiao powder treating migraine / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the clinical effect of Chuanxiong-Chatiao San in treatment hemicrania. Methods All patients were randomly recruited into a control group (75cases) and a treatment group (78 cases). The control group was treated with Gastrodin injection, Ligustrazine injection and Mailuoning injection; on this basis, the treatment group was treated with Chuanxiong-Chatiao powder. Both groups were treated for 14 days with a 7 days interval. Results The excellent rate and effective rate were 91.03% and 96.08% in the treatment group respectively; and 70.66% and 94.67% in the control group respectively. The difference between the two groups was significant (χ2= 12.7143,P<0.01) . Conclusion Chuanxiong-Chatiao powder combined with western medicine is effective in treating hemicrania.

Probable Paroxysmal Hemicrania Associated with Holmes-Adie Syndrome

No abstract available.

Patent foramen ovale in trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias and hemicrania continua: a non-specific pathophysiological occurrence? / Foramen oval patente em cefaleias trigêmino-autonômicas e hemicrania contínua: uma ocorrência fisiopatológica não específica?

Patent foramen ovale (PFO), a relatively common abnormality in adults, has been associated with migraine. Few studies also linked PFO with cluster headache (CH). To verify whether right-to-left shunt (RLS) is related to headaches other than migraine and CH, we used transcranial Doppler following microbubbles injection to detect shunts in 24 CH, 7 paroxysmal hemicrania (PH), one SUNCT, two hemicrania continua (HC) patients; and 34 matched controls. RLS was significantly more frequent in CH than in controls (54 percent vs. 25 percent, p=0.03), particularly above the age of 50. In the HC+PH+SUNCT group, RLS was found in 6 patients and in 2 controls (p=0.08). Smoking as well as the Epworth Sleepiness Scale correlated significantly with CH, smoking being more frequent in patients with RLS. PFO may be non-specifically related to trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias and HC. The headache phenotype in PFO patients probably depends on individual susceptibility to circulating trigger factors.

O forame oval patente (FOP), uma anormalidade cardíaca relativamente comum em adultos, tem sido associado à enxaqueca, mas raramente às cefaléias trigêmino-autonômicas (TACs). Utilizamos o Doppler transcraniano (DTC) para detecção de shunt direito-esquerdo (SDE) em 24 pacientes com cefaléia em salvas (CS), sete com hemicrania paroxística (HP), dois com hemicrania continua (HC) e um com SUNCT; alem de 34 controles. O SDE foi mais frequente nos pacientes com CS do que nos controles (54 por cento vs. 25 por cento p=0,03), particularmente acima de 50 anos. No grupo HP+HC+SUNCT, o SDE foi encontrado em seis pacientes e dois controles (p=0,08). O hábito de fumar, bem como sonolência excessiva diurna foram mais frequentes em paciente com CS. O FOP pode ter importância inespecífica na fisiopatologia das TACs e HC, na dependência da susceptibilidade individual a fatores desencadeantes.

Bilateral paroxysmal hemicrania with autonomic features in a child: A case report / 소아과

Paroxysmal hemicrania (PH) is rare in children and not widely recognized. It is characterized by pain attacks and associated symptoms and signs similar to those experiencing cluster headaches, but the features have a shorter effect, are more frequent, and respond completely to indomethacin. Some patients with PH may experience slight pain across the midline. There are only four cases of bilateral PH in the literature and it is very rare in children. Here, I report the case of a 10-year-old female with bilateral PH diagnosed by the typical symptoms along with the favorable response to indomethacin therapy.

Qué debe conocer el neurólogo de las cefaleas en salvas y otras hemicráneas autonomotrigeminales / What must the neurologist know about cluster headaches, and other trigeminal autonomic hemicranias

Aunque la migraña y los dolores de cabeza de tipo tensión son las cefalalgias más frecuentes en la práctica clínica, es muy importante el reconocimiento de otros síndromes dolorosos menos comunes como la cefalea en salvas, la hemicránea paroxística crónica y otros síndromes autonomotrigeminales. Estos síndromes dolorosos comparten algunos rasgos clínicos. El diagnóstico diferencial se basa en el número y la frecuencia de los episodios y la intensidad del dolor, así como en la respuesta a medicamentos específicos. La cefalea en salvas, las hemicráneas paroxísticas, la hemicránea continua y otros síndromes se incluyeron en la clasificación internacional de dolor de cabeza modificada por la IHS en el 2004. Esta revisión muestra los aspectos epidemiológicos, fisiopatológicos y clínicos y el tratamiento de estas cefaleas.

Although migraine and tension type headaches are the most frequent disorders in clinical practice, it is very important to recognize other painful syndromes such as cluster, paroxysmal hemicranias and trigeminal autonomic cephalgias wich are less common. These painful syndromes share some clinical features, and the main differential diagnoses are based on the number and the frequency of the episodes, and the intensity of pain, as well as in the response to specific medications. Cluster headache, paroxysmal hemicranias, hemicrania continua and other syndromes were included in the International Classification of Headache modified by the IHS in 2004. This review shows the epidemic aspects, pathophysiopatology, clinical manifestations and treatment of these headaches.

Effect of Negative Living Events and Cerebral Blood Flow on Hemicrania / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To investigate the relationship between hemicrania and negative living events or cerebral blood flow.Methods 59 patients were investigated with the negative living events and transcranial Doppler(TCD).The data were compared with those of healthy control.Results Among the patients with hemicrania,the negative living events were found in 52.5% of patients.Abnormity of cerebral artery was found in 72.9% of the patients.It is different from the control.Conclusion Hemicrania may be associated with the dysfunction of brain artery caused by strain.

Two Cases of Paroxysmal Hemicrania with Response to Rofecoxib

Paroxysmal hemicrania (PH) has been recently defined as an uncommon primary headache. PH is characterized by frequent attacks of severe unilateral pain associated with autonomic symptoms. The attack frequency usually ranges from 5 to 40 attacks per day. PH is characterized by its absolute responsiveness to indomethacin. However, indomethacin is not often well tolerated because of its gastric side effects. We report two patients with PH who could not tolerate indomethacin due to its severe gastric side effects but dramatically responded to rofecoxib.

Diagnosis and therapy of trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias / 中国实用内科杂志

This paper introduces the classification of trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TAC) and their clinical manifestation,diagnostic criteria and therapy of main type.TAC share the clinical features of headache and prominent cranial parasympathetic autonomic features.The most effective therapy for acute cluster headache is oxygen inhalation and Sumatriptan subcutaneous injection.Ergotamine is the first choice drug for the preventive treatment of episodic cluster headache and Verapamil coupled with Lithium salt is preventive treatment for chronic cluster headache.Indomethacin is specific treatment for paroxysmal hemicrania.Lamotrigine,Topiramate and Gabapentin are all useful to SUNCT.

A Case of Pericarotid Syndrome Associated with Malignant Lymphoma

Pericarotid syndrome is the combination of a postganglionic Horner's syndrome and ipsilateral head and facial pain, which is caused by diverse pathologic processes in and around the internal carotid artery. We report a case of peri-carotid syndrome which presented Horner's syndrome and ipsilateral periodic severe hemicrania associated with malig-nant lymphma lapping internal carotid artery. After surgical removal of the mass and chemotherapy, miosis, ptosis, and ipsilateral hemicrania improved.

Relationship between helicobacter pylori infections and hemicrania / 临床神经病学杂志

Objective To study the relationship between helicobacter pylori (HP)infection and hemicrania.Methods The serum HP IgG level and ~ 14 C expiration test were detected in patients with HP infected. The patients with hemicrania, health and at attack stage or interval stage or any degree attack stage of hemicrania were observed the condition of HP infection. The curative effect of HP patients treated with traditional method and plus with three combined anti-HP infection treatment was observed.Results The positive rate of HP infected in patients with hemicrania was higher than that of control(81.0% vs 30.96%, P