Emotion Regulation, Perceived Interpersonal Support And Academic Anxiety Among High School Students In Kerala

The current study focuses on the relationship between emotion regulation, perceived interpersonal support, and academic anxiety among high school students in Kerala. The data was collected from 300 high schools students from three schools in Pathanamthitta District. The tools been administered are Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-DERS- SF-18 by Victor & Klonsky (2016), The Multi-dimensional Scale for Perceived Social Support by Zimet and Farley (1988), and Academic Anxiety Scale for children (AASC) by Dr. A K Singh and Dr. A Sen Gupta (2018). Correlational research design using quantitative approach has been used. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between emotion regulation, perceived interpersonal support and academic anxiety. There is a significant difference in academic anxiety based on age, gender, birth order and family type.

A cross-sectional study on the prevalence and severity of suicidal ideations and behaviors of senior high school students using the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS)

Objectives@#In the light of increased suicide risk among adolescents, this research aimed at determining the prevalence and severity of suicidal ideations and behaviors of senior high school students in a public secondary school in Metro Manila using the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS).@*Methodology@#This is a descriptive cross-sectional school-based study, conducted on 236 senior high school students, 18 years old and above, in San Juan National High School (SJNHS) in San Juan, Metro Manila. The study employed convenience sampling. Upon selection, the C-SSRS was administered. Data on four constructs of suicide were gathered: 1) suicidal ideation severity; 2) intensity, which was quantified in terms of frequency, duration, control, deterrents and reasons for suicidal ideation; 3) suicidal behavior rated on a nominal subscale as actual, aborted, interrupted, preparatory behavior and non-suicidal injurious behavior; and lastly 4) lethality of actual suicide attempts on a 6-point ordinal scale, and if actual lethality was zero, potential lethality was further rated on a 3-point ordinal scale.@*Results@#The majority (67.8%) had mild suicidal ideations; 37.71% had active suicidal ideations with intent but not necessarily a specific plan and only 13.98% had active suicidal ideation with intent to act and a specific plan. The intensity of suicidal ideation was not that frequent in 35.59% of the respondents i.e.18.64% 1x/ week and 16.95% less than 1x/ week. About a third (30.07%) had very short duration of suicidal ideations i.e. fleetingly (19.92%) or less than an hour/ day (11.02%). A third (32.62%) were able to easily control (18.64%) or control with minimal difficulty (13.98%). Reason for suicidal ideation were either to get attention (10.59%) or to end the emotional pain (11.02%). A third (30.93%) had actual attempts (15.25%) and Non -Suicidal Self Injury (NSSI) (15.68%); while another 35.06 % had interrupted (16.53%) or aborted (19.07%) attempts. Those who had actual attempts, 41.67% had no physical injury while 50 % incurred minor injuries. Thirty- two (88.89%) had suicidal attempt that was likely to result in injury but not likely to cause death.@*Conclusion@#In light of these relatively high prevalence rates for suicidal ideation and behaviors, schoolwide intervention on education or awareness programs, gatekeeper training, peer leadership, skills training and screening or assessment may have to be instituted to curb the increased suicide risk of the senior high school students and further prevent suicide attempts.

Analysis on Hospice Care Cognition Status and Influencing Factors among High School Students in Guangzhou / 中国医学伦理学

【Objective:】 To investigate the cognition, attitude and influencing factors of hospice care among high school students in Guangzhou, and to provide basis for improving the understanding level of hospice care and death education among adolescents. 【Methods:】 A total of 226 questionnaires were collected by convenient sampling and questionnaire survey. The questionnaire covered two parts: basic information of the respondents, cognition and attitude towards hospice care (including four dimensions: basic knowledge of hospice care, knowledge of pain control, attitude and thought of hospice care, and attitude towards hospice care education). Excel software was used to preliminary screen, preprocess and establish database of data. SPSS21.0 was used for statistical analysis. T-test and ANOVA were used for difference analysis, multiple linear regression was used for correlation analysis. 【Results:】 High school students had a basic understanding of hospice care. Among the four dimensions of basic knowledge of hospice care, knowledge of pain control, attitude and thought of hospice care, and attitude towards hospice care education, the cognition of "knowledge of pain control" dimension was the weakest link, and the entry of "attitude and thought of hospice care" had the highest score, which was the strong cognitive link. 【Conclusion:】 The main influencing factors of high school students’ cognition of hospice care were family structure, family residence and whether they have understood hospice care. This paper recommended that schools should add medical humanities education courses related to hospice and death education, and cooperate with hospice care centers to carry out hospice care experience practices. It was also suggested that relevant departments or organizations should make full use of mainstream media, such as online media and WeChat public accounts, to strengthen the popularity and popularization of hospice care education and science popularization from multiple channels and aspects, and improve the level and quality of hospice care education for young people.

Effect of parent-child cohesion on internalizing problems of junior high school students: the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of sibling relationships / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of self-esteem and sibling relationships on the links of parental cohesion and internalizing problems in junior high school students based on the family system theory.Methods:A total of 565 junior high school students were investigated with the sibling relationship questionnaire, parent-child cohesion questionnaire, self-esteem scale and internalizing problems questionnaire from April to June 2021.SPSS 26.0 was used for descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis.PROCESS was used to examine the mediating and moderating effect.Results:Maternal-child cohesion was positively correlated with self-esteem and sibling warmth ( r=0.36, 0.58, both P<0.01), while it was negatively correlated with internalizing problems and sibling conflict ( r=-0.29, -0.25, both P<0.01). Similarly, paternal-child cohesion was positively correlated with self-esteem and sibling warmth ( r=0.37, 0.51, both P<0.01), and it was negatively correlated with internalizing problems and sibling conflict ( r=-0.36, -0.21, both P<0.01). The self-esteem played a partial mediating role between maternal-child cohesion and internalizing problems ( β=-0.09, 95% CI=-0.14--0.05), and the mediating value was 30.13%.The self-esteem also played a partial mediating role between paternal-child cohesion and internalizing problems ( β=-0.07, 95% CI=-0.11--0.04), and the mediating value was 25.36%.Sibling warmth could improve the positive effect of maternal-child cohesion on self-esteem ( β=0.06, 95% CI=0.01-0.11), while could offset the negative effects of low level of maternal-child cohesion against the internalizing problems ( β=0.10, 95% CI=0.04-0.16). But sibling conflict did not significantly predict the effects of maternal-child cohesion on self-esteem and internalizing problems.Similarly, sibling warmth could improve the positive effect of paternal-child cohesion on self-esteem ( β=0.05, 95% CI=0.01-0.09), while could offset the negative effects of low level of paternal-child cohesion against the internalizing problems ( β=0.09, 95% CI=0.03-0.15). But sibling conflict could reduce the positive impact of paternal-child cohesion and self-esteem ( β=-0.05, 95% CI=-0.09--0.01), while had no effect on the impact of paternal-child cohesion and internalizing problems. Conclusion:Parent-child cohesion not only directly affects the internalizing problems, but also indirectly affects the internalizing problems through the self-esteem.Positive parent-child cohesion and sibling warmth relationships can improve the individual's self-esteem level and reduce the internalizing problems.

The influence of autistic traits and ambiguous situations on the interpretation bias of senior high school students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the changing characteristics of interpretive bias of senior high school students with different levels of autistic traits in ambiguous situations, and to investigate the consistency of interpretive bias across self/other relevant conditions.Methods:A survey of 1 080 senior high school students from a high school in Anhui province was conducted by using the autistic-spectrum quotient (AQ). According to the criteria of high scores and low scores of 27%, the subjects in the high autistic trait group ( n=266) and the low autistic trait group ( n=266) were selected.The ambiguous situation paradigm was used to measure the frequency of positive interpretation of ambiguous information by two groups of subjects under the conditions of self and others, SPSS 26.0 was used for descriptive statistics, and jamovi 2.2.3 was used for generalized linear mixed model analysis. Results:(1) The results of the between-group effects at the level of autistic traits indicated that the frequency of positive interpretations in the high autistic group was significantly lower than that in the low autistic group(54.5(11.8), 57(11.8) )( χ2=13.99, P<0.001). The results of the interaction between level of autistic traits and type of ambiguous situation indicated that in the positive ambiguous situation, the frequency of positive interpretations in the high autistic group was smaller than that in the low autistic group (33(4), 34(3)) ( P<0.001). There was no significant differences in the number of positive interpretations between high autistic group and low autistic group in negtive ambiguous situation( P>0.05). (2) The results of the main effects of the ambiguous situation types indicated that the frequency of positive interpretations in positive ambiguous situations was significantly higher than that in negative ambiguous situations(33(4), 23(9.25)) ( χ2=1 348.50, P<0.001). The results of the interaction between level of autistic traits and type of ambiguous situation indicated that the frequency of positive interpretations in positive ambiguous situations (33(4), 34(3)) in both high and low autistic groups was larger than that in negative ambiguous situations (22(10), 24(9)) ( P<0.001). (3) The main effects results for the self/other related conditions suggested that the frequency of positive interpretations of familiarity with others (19(4)) was significantly higher than that of self-related conditions (19(5)) and strangers (19(5)) ( χ2=9.51, P<0.01), and there was no significant difference between self-related conditions and strangers( P>0.05). The results of the interaction between ambiguous situation type and self/other related conditions suggested that in the positive ambiguous situation, the frequency of positive interpretations of familiarity with other people's conditions was greater than that of self-related conditions( P<0.01), and in the negative ambiguous situations, there was no significant difference in the frequency of positive interpretations related to different self/others( P>0.05). Conclusions:(1) High school students with high and low autistic traits are more inclined to show positive interpretations in the ambiguous situations, and it higher under the condition of positive ambiguous situations and acquaintances.(2) Compared with those with low autistic traits, individuals with high autistic traits tend to give less positive interpretations to ambiguous situations, but this difference is mainly manifested in positive ambiguous situations.(3) In the negative ambiguous situation, there is no significant difference in number of positive interpretations produced by senior high school students with high and low autistic traits, and they are stable across self and other related conditions.

Correlation between depression， anxiety and social support among grade three senior high school students under in-school quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic / 四川精神卫生

ObjectiveTo assess the level of depression， anxiety and social support among grade three senior high school students under in-school quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic， so as to provide references for targeted psychological intervention of them. MethodsA total of 724 grade three senior high school students from three key schools in Binzhou City， Shandong Province were selected using random sampling method. Generalized Anxiety Disorder （GAD-7）， Patients' Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9） and Perceived Social Support Scale （PSSS） were used to survey the psychological status including anxiety， depression and the level of social support. Partial correlation analysis was adopted to discuss the correlation of PSSS score with GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores， meantime， the multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between PSSS and PHQ-9 scores. ResultsAmong grade three senior high school students， 341 （48.64%） and 383 （54.64%） were found to have symptoms of anxiety and depression， respectively. PSSS total score as well as the dimension score of family support and other support of female students were higher than those of male students， with statistical significance （t=-3.431， -3.048， -4.482， P<0.01）. GAD-7， PSSS total scores and the dimension scores of family support and other support demonstrated statistical differences among grade three senior high school students with different selections of academic subjects for college entrance examination （F=1.992， 2.660， 2.074， 3.138， P<0.05 or 0.01）. PHQ-9 score was negatively correlated with the total score and each dimension score of PSSS （r=-0.329， -0.283， -0.284， -0.284， P<0.01）. The dimension score of family support and friend support in PSSS could negatively predict the PHQ-9 score （B=-0.213， -0.308， P<0.01）. ConclusionGrade three senior high school students under in-school quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic suffer a high prevalence rate of anxiety and depression， while students with higher perceived social support scores report fewer symptoms of depression. Hence， improving the level of social support may alleviate depression in students.

Basic psychological needs satisfaction and smartphone addiction among high school students： the mediating role of loneliness and social anxiety / 四川精神卫生

ObjectiveTo investigate the mediating role of loneliness and social anxiety in the relationship between basic psychological needs satisfaction and smartphone addiction among high school students， and to provide references for the intervention to smartphone addiction for high school students. MethodsIn April 2022， a total of 14 666 high school students from 5 middle schools in a county of Sichuan Province were included by random sampling method. Basic Psychological Needs Scales （BPNS）， the UCLA Loneliness Scale-3 edition （UCLA-3）， Interaction Anxiousness Scale （IAS） and the Mobile Phone Addiction Index （MPAI） were used for cross-sectional investigation. Bootstrap method was used to analyze the mediating role of loneliness and social anxiety in the relationship between the basic psychological needs satisfaction and smartphone addiction. Results① In this study， 14 036 valid questionnaires were returned， and 1 752 （12.48%， 95% CI： 0.114~0.136） high school students were found to be addicted to smartphone phone. The BPNS score was negatively correlated with UCLA-3， IAS and MPAI scores （r=-0.771， -0.486， -0.417， P<0.01）. And MPAI score was positively correlated with IAS and UCLA-3 scores （r=0.403， 0.424， P<0.01）. IAS score was positively correlated with UCLA-3 score （r=0.458， P<0.01）. ②The degree of basic psychological needs satisfaction in high school students can directly negatively predict smartphone addiction （β=-0.383， P<0.05）， and can also indirectly affect smartphone addiction through loneliness and social anxiety （β=-0.130， P<0.05）. ③Loneliness （indirect effect value was -0.145） and social anxiety （indirect effect value was -0.074） partially mediate between the basic psychological needs satisfaction and smartphone addiction. Loneliness-social anxiety also has significant chain mediating effect （indirect effect value was -0.034）， which accounted for 8.88%. ConclusionThe basic psychological needs satisfaction can not only directly affect the occurrence of smartphone addiction， but also indirectly affect the occurrence of smartphone addiction through the chain mediation of loneliness and social anxiety.

Research progress on mobile phone addiction among high school students / 四川精神卫生

With the widespread adoption of smartphones， mobile phone addiction among adolescents has emerged as a challenging public health concern. This paper aims to undertake a comprehensive literature review on mobile phone addiction among high school students， both domestically and internationally. It primarily focuses on exploring the conceptual framework， measurement tools， epidemic status， influencing factors and intervention strategies associated with mobile phone addiction in this specific population， so as to provide references for interventions targeting mobile phone addiction among high school students， with the ultimate goal of reducing the incidence rate within this population. ［Funded by Sichuan Provincial Primary Health Development Research Center in 2022， North Sichuan Medical College （number， SWFZ22-C-89）， Mianyang City Social Science Research Key Base-Sichuan Mianyang Minor Psychological Growth Guidance and Research Center 2022 Annual Funding Project （number， SCWCN 2022YB07）］

¿Cómo aprenden los estudiantes de educación secundaria y universitaria? Un análisis integral desde los estilos de aprendizaje / How Do High School and College Students Learn? A Comprehensive Analysis of Learning Styles / Como os alunos do ensino médio e superior aprendem? Uma análise abrangente dos estilos de aprendizagem

Esta investigación examinó los estilos de aprendizaje de alumnos secundarios y universitarios para describir las características cognitivas, afectivas y fisiológicas que emplean para aprender. Se efectuó un análisis integral de los estilos de aprendizaje que incluyó estilos de preferencia de la modalidad instruccional, estilos de procesamiento de la información y estilos cognitivos de la personalidad. Se aplicó la Escala Grasha-Riechmann de estilos de aprendizaje para estudiantes, el inventario de procesos de aprendizaje y la lista de verificación del tipo de indicador de estilos de aprendizaje. Participaron 942 estudiantes de Buenos Aires, de los niveles secundario (n = 352) y universitario (n = 590) de distintas ramas de estudio (20.5 % Ciencias Aplicadas, 18.2 % Ciencias Básicas, 13.7 % Ciencias de la Salud, 30.8 % Ciencias Humanas, 16.8 % Ciencias Sociales). Se observaron diferencias significativas en el estilo competitivo a favor de los estudiantes de se-cundaria, mientras que la mayoría de los estilos fueron avorables a los universitarios. Además, los universitarios avanzados mostraron mayor uso de los métodos de estudio que los alumnos de secundaria. Se registró un efecto significativo y positivo de todos los estilos de aprendizaje sobre el rendimiento académico. Es-tos hallazgos dan cuenta, por un lado, de diferencias notables entre los estudiantes de nivel secundario y universitario, y por otro, de la relevancia de los estilos con relación al rendimiento académico. Se espera que esta información sea utilizada para mejorar el ajuste de los estudiantes ingresantes al sistema universitario evitando así el fracaso y la deserción académica.

The study examines learning styles in high school and college students to describe their cognitive, affective, and physiological features they apply in learning. Thus, instructional preference, information processing, and cognitive personality styles were analyzed. The Grasha Riechmann Student Learning Styles Scale, the Inventory of Learning Processes, and the Learning Style Type Indicator were employed. The sample was composed of 942 high-school (n = 352) and college students (n = 590) attending different majors (20.5 % Applied Sciences, 18.2 % Basic Sciences, 13.7 % Health Sciences, 30.8 % Human Scienc-es, 16.8 % Social Sciences). All of them attended classes in Buenos Aires. Significant differences in the competi-tive style were observed in favor of high school students, whereas most styles were in favorable for undergraduates. Advanced college students showed a higher use of study methods compared to high school students. A significant and positive effect of all learning styles on academic achieve-ment was verified. Such findings evidence remarkable dif-ferences between high school students and undergraduates. They also highlight the importance of learning styles in academic achievement. These results should be used to im-prove the adaptation and adjustment of first-year students, contributing to avoiding academic failure and dropout.

Os estilos de aprendizagem de alunos do ensino médio e universitário são examinados para descrever as características cognitivas, afetivas e fisiológicas que eles usam para aprender. Foi realizada uma análise abrangente dos estilos de aprendizagem, que incluiu estilos de preferên-cia de modalidade instrucional, estilos de processamento de informações e estilos cognitivos de personalidade. Aplicou-se a Escala Grasha-Riechmann de Estilos de Aprendizagem para Estudantes, o Inventário de Proces-sos de Aprendizagem e a Lista de Verificação do Tipo de Indicador de Estilos de Aprendizagem. Participaram 942 estudantes de Buenos Aires nos níveis médio (n = 352) e universitário (n = 590) de diferentes áreas de estudo (20.5 % Ciências Aplicadas, 18.2 % Ciências Básicas, 13.7 % Ciências da Saúde, 30.8 % Ciências Humanas, 16.8 % Ciências Sociais). Diferenças significativas foram observadas no estilo competitivo em favor dos alunos do ensino médio, enquanto a maioria dos estilos foi favorável aos universitários. Além disso, os univer-sitários mais avançados apresentaram maior emprego dos métodos de estudo do que os estudantes do ensino médio. Finalmente, foi registrado um efeito significativo e positivo de todos os estilos de aprendizagem no desempenho acadêmico. Esses achados mostram, por um lado, diferenças notáveis entre alunos do ensino médio e universitário e, por outro, a relevância dos estilos em relação ao desempenho acadêmico. Espera-se que essas informações possam ser utilizadas para melhorar o ajusta-mento dos alunos que ingressam no ensino universitário, evitando assim a reprovação e a deserção acadêmica.

Career Education Questionnaire: psychometric properties of the Portuguese version / Questionário de Educação para a Carreira: propriedades psicométricas da versão Portuguesa

This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Career Education Questionnaire, through the analysis of reliability, dimensionality and possible correlations with the SENNA 1.0 socioemotional measure. The participants were 282 Portuguese high school students of both genders, with a mean age of 15.93 years, from public schools in northern Portugal. The analysis of the internal consistency of the dimensions showed satisfactory Cronbach's alpha coefficients. The intercorrelations showed a positive and significant pattern for the subscales of the Career Education Questionnaire. The discriminant validity between the Career Education Questionnaire and the SENNA showed a positive and significant relationship of weak magnitude. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a model with three factors showed satisfactory goodness of fit to the data and better than the alternative models. The Portuguese version of this instrument presents metric qualities, making it a useful measure for research in this field.

Este estudo objetivou avaliar as propriedades psicométricas do Questionário de Educação para a Carreira, por meio da análise da fiabilidade, dimensionalidade e possíveis relações com a medida socioemocional SENNA 1.0. Participaram deste estudo 282 estudantes portugueses do ensino secundário, de ambos os sexos, com idade média de 15,93 anos, provenientes de escolas públicas do norte de Portugal. A análise da consistência interna das dimensões apresentou coeficientes alfa de cronbach satisfatórios. As intercorrelações evidenciaram um padrão positivo e significativo para as subescalas do Questionário de Educação para a Carreira. A validade discriminante entre o Questionário de Educação para a Carreira e o SENNA apresentou uma relação positiva e significativa de fraca magnitude. A análise fatorial confirmatória indicou que um modelo com três fatores, apresentou valores de bondade de ajustamento aos dados satisfatórios e melhores do que os modelos alternativos. A versão portuguesa desse instrumento apresenta qualidades métricas, tornando-o uma medida útil à investigação nesse domínio.

El impacto de talleres sobre sexualidad: un relato de experiencia con estudiantes / O impacto de oficinas sobre sexualidade: um relato de experiência com estudantes / The impact of sexuality workshops: a report on the experiences with the students

O espaço para discussão da sexualidade nas escolas é limitado, mesmo com a perspectiva de prevenção a Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (ISTs). Por demanda de uma escola do Ensino Médio, estudantes vinculadas ao Programa de Educação Tutorial do curso de Psicologia e ao Projeto de Extensão Polo de Prevenção de ISTs/AIDS realizaram oficinas com adolescentes. O objetivo desse projeto foi dialogar sobre a sexualidade e promover discussões para a prevenção a ISTs por meio de 9 oficinas, com participação de 18 estudantes. Essas oficinas foram avaliadas a partir de dois questionários e os dados tratados em três eixos: Avaliação das Oficinas - Metodologias e Facilitadoras; Avaliação dos Adolescentes como Multiplicadores e Avaliação da Importância da Temática para os Adolescentes. Concluiu-se que as oficinas propiciaram um meio para a promoção de comportamentos de prevenção a ISTs, para o incentivo do exercício responsável da sexualidade e possibilitou a formação de vínculo entre facilitadoras e adolescentes.

Aún con la perspectiva de prevención a las Infecciones Sexualmente Transmisibles (ISTs ), el espacio para discusión de la sexualidad en las escuelas es limitado. Por demanda de una escuela de Enseñanza Secundaria, estudiantes vinculadas al Programa de Educación Tutorial del curso de Psicología y al Proyecto de Extensión Polo de Prevención de ISTs/AIDS realizaron talleres con adolescentes. El objetivo de este proyecto fue dialogar sobre sexualidad y promover discusiones a la prevención a ISTs por intermedio de 9 talleres, con participación de 18 estudiantes. Esos talleres se evaluaron a partir de dos cuestionarios y los datos tratados en tres ejes: Evaluación de los Talleres - Metodologías y Facilitadoras; Evaluación de los Adolescentes como Multiplicadores y Evaluación de la Importancia de la Temática para los Adolescentes. Se concluye que los talleres propiciaron el medio para promoción de comportamientos de prevención a ISTs, para el incentivo del ejercicio responsable de la sexualidad y posibilitó la formación de vínculo entre facilitadoras y adolescentes.

The space for discussing sexuality in schools is limited, even with the perspective of preventing Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). On demand from a high school, students linked to the Tutorial Education Program of the Psychology course and the STI/AIDS Prevention Pole Extension Project held workshops with adolescents. The objective of this project was to dialogue about sexuality and promote discussions for the prevention of STIs through 9 workshops, with the participation of 18 students. These workshops were evaluated using two questionnaires and the data were treated in three axes: Workshop Evaluation - Methodologies and Facilitators; Assessing Adolescents as Multipliers and Assessing the Theme Importance for Adolescents. It was concluded that the workshops provided a means to promote STI prevention behaviors, to encourage the responsible exercise of sexuality and enabled the formation of bonds between facilitators and adolescents.

Mediating effect of depression in the relationship between mobile phone addiction and self-harm among senior high school students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship among mobile phone addiction, depression and self-harm in senior high school students.Methods:Totally 707 students were collected from two middle schools by cluster sampling method, and smartphone addiction scale(SAS), patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)and adolescents self-harm scale(ASHS) were used for investigation. SPSS 23.0 software was used for descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and Mplus 8.3 was used to conduct structural equation modeling and Bootstrap mediated effect test.Results:The rate of self-harm was 33.38%.The scores of mobile phone addiction, depression and self-harm were(106.01±27.18), 5.00(1.00, 9.00)and 0(0, 3.00), respectively.Mobile phone addiction was positively correlated with depression and self-harm( r=0.33, 0.16, both P<0.01), and depression was positively correlated with self-harm( r=0.52, P<0.01). Depression played full mediating role in the relationship between mobile phone addiction and self-harm(effect value=0.16, 95% CI=0.12-0.21). Conclusion:This study indicates that depression exerts a mediating effect on the relationship between mobile phone addiction and self-harm.

Survey on anxiety and depression among the third-year junior high school students in Nanning city / 四川精神卫生

ObjectiveTo study the anxiety and depression status of the third-year junior high school students in Nanning city， and to discuss their relationships with test anxiety， so as to provide references for targeted psychological intervention for students. MethodsFrom May to June， 2021， a simple random sampling method was adopted to randomly enroll three classes of third-grade students from one junior high school in each district and county of Nanning city. The selected students were assessed using Test Anxiety Scale （TAS）， Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）. Thereafter， Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to explore the correlation among each scale score. ResultsA total of 2 080 students participated in the survey， and 1 826 （87.79%） valid questionnaires were collected. Among them， 999 students （54.71%） felt uncomfortable due to the test. Anxiety and depression were detected in 577 （31.60%） and 830 （45.45%） students， respectively. TAS score of female students was higher than that of male students ［（16.75±6.78） vs. （15.08±6.97）， t=-5.136， P<0.01］， SAS score of female students was higher than that of male students ［（46.05±10.43） vs. （44.16±10.87）， t=-3.769， P<0.01］， and SDS score of female students was higher than that of male students ［（52.34±12.44） vs. （49.98±12.17）， t=-4.039， P<0.01］. Correlation analysis showed that SAS and SDS scores were positively correlated with TAS score （r=0.574， 0.531， P<0.01）， and the correlation still existed after further controlling for age and gender （r=0.570， 0.526， P<0.01）. ConclusionThe third-year junior high school students in Nanning city suffer a high prevalence rate of anxiety and depression， and the two psychological states have positive relations with TAS. Furthermore， both anxiety and depression are more severe in female students than in male students.

O lazer no Acre: a perspectiva de estudantes do ensino médio / Leisure on Acre: the perspective of high school students

Este estudo tem como objetivo trazer a perspectiva dos estudantes do Ensino Médio do Acre a respeito do Lazer. Foi desenvolvido estudo transversal com 674 estudantes do Ensino Médio de Instituições Federais das cinco regionais do Estado do Acre. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário composto por módulos temáticos com questões abertas e fechadas. Destaca-se como resultado: os estudantes consideram o lazer importante e o relacionam com a prática, como o lazer social e de atividades físicas; e destinam um tempo para sua vivência. As barreiras apontadas para a prática do lazer foram: cansaço, falta de tempo e de dinheiro. Os estudantes também indicam a insuficiência de espaços destinados ao lazer e atribuem este fato à falta de interesse do poder público. As atividades mais frequentes são as sociais, as físicas e intelectuais, sendo suas escolhas mais influenciadas pelo meio social.

This study aims to bring the perspective of high school students from the Acre, Brazil about Leisure. A cross-sectional study was developed with 674 students from Federal Institutions in five regions of the State of Acre. The data were collected through a questionnaire composed of thematic modules with open and closed questions. It stands out as a result: students consider leisure to be important and relate it to practice such as social and physical activity leisure; and they set time aside for their experience. The barriers pointed to the practice of leisure were: tiredness, lack of time and money. Students also indicate the insufficiency of leisure spaces and attribute this fact to the lack of interest from public authorities. The most frequent activities are social, physical and intellectual and their choices are more influenced by the social environment. This study aims to bring the perspective of high school students from the Acre, Brazil about Leisure. A cross-sectional study was developed with 674 students from Federal Institutions in five regions of the State of Acre. The data were collected through a questionnaire composed of thematic modules with open and closed questions. It stands out as a result: students consider leisure to be important and relate it to practice such as social and physical activity leisure; and they set time aside for their experience. The barriers pointed to the practice of leisure were: tiredness, lack of time and money. Students also indicate the insufficiency of leisure spaces and attribute this fact to the lack of interest from public authorities. The most frequent activities are social, physical and intellectual and their choices are more influenced by the social environment.

Prevalence and influencing factors of cigarette and e-cigarette use among high school students in Wenzhou / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To study the prevalence of cigarettes and e-cigarettes, and to analyze its influencing factors among high school students in Wenzhou. Methods:A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among a total of 3 785students from senior high schools and vocational high schools in Wenzhou from September to November in 2020, who were selected by stratified cluster sampling. Their demographic information and the use of tobacco [including the use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes (currently smoking and smoking attempt), and the dual use of them] were asked in the questionnaire of “Global Youth Tobacco Survey”(GYTS). Proportion and rate were used to describe their demographic characteristics and smoking prevalence. Chi-square test was used to compare the difference in smoking prevalence of the high school students with selected characteristics. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of tobacco use among the participants.Results:Among the 3 785 questionnaires, 3 740 were completed, and effective rate was 98.80%. The smoking attempt rate, current smoking rate, e-cigarette attempt rate, e-cigarette using rate, and dual using rate of the high school students in Wenzhou were 11.79% (441/3 740), 2.57% (96/3 740), 10.00% (374/3 740), 2.86% (107/3 740), 0.99% (37/3 740), respectively. Male students, vocational high school students, the students whose parents smoking showed higher smoking attempt rate, current smoking rate, e-cigarette attempt rate than female student, senior high school students and those parents who don′t smoke, respectively (all P<0.05). Best friend smoking [6.076 (2.872-12.855); 4.630 (2.656-8.071)], vocational high school [3.226 (1.877-5.546); 2.238 (1.432-3.496)] were risk factors for e-cigarette and the cigarettes use, belief that whether smoking or not does not make any difference in social activities [0.160 (0.077-0.331); 0.193 (0.096-0.387)], or smoking in social activities makes people more uncomfortable [0.037 (0.018-0.077); 0.155 (0.083-0.288)] were protective factors of e-cigarette and the cigarettes use. Additionally, passive smoking in past week [2.194 (1.129-4.262)], free tobacco products received [2.836 (1.018-7.905)], seeing smoking in campus [2.072 (1.111-3.863)] were all risk factors, while belief that smoking makes young people less attractive [0.280 (0.116-0.676)], not having been to tobacco retail outlets and unexposed to tobacco advertising or promotion [0.241 (0.123-0.473)] can protect senior middle school student away from cigarette. As to e-cigarette, boys were the risk factors [1.831 (1.100-3.050)]; as opposed to being a risk factor for cigarette use [1.942 (1.084-3.478)], rural area was a protective factor for e-cigarette use [0.639 (0.410-0.994)] among high school students in Wenzhou. Conclusions:High school students have relatively low rates of smoking cigarettes and e-cigarette in Wenzhou. Vocational students, best friend smoking are risk factors of e-cigarette and the cigarettes, beliefs that whether smoking or not does not make any difference or smoking makes people more uncomfortable in social activities are protective factors.

Sexual and reproductive health knowledge and practice among students in six senior high schools in three regions in East China / 上海预防医学

Objective:To know the status of knowledge， attitude and behavior related to sexual and reproductive health in high school students in three regions of East China， and to provide a reference for adolescent reproductive health education. Methods:From August to October in 2019， 614 high school students were invited from 6 high schools in Jiading District and Yangpu District， Shanghai and Taicang City， Jiangsu to participate in this study. We conducted an anonymous self-questionnaire survey using structured questionnaires based on adolescent reproductive health knowledge and literacy. Results:The male to female ratio of all high school students in the study was 1∶1.25， and the average age was （16.1±0.9） years old. The score of pregnancy and abortion knowledge was the lowest among the reproductive health knowledge scores， and the differences among the three regions were statistically significant （P=0.002）. Male high school students （P<0.001）， students in the school with reproductive health education base （P=0.008） and students who wanted to obtain reproductive health education （P=0.002） were more acceptable to premarital sex. The high school students obtained adolescent health knowledge mainly through the internet or mobile phones， and had a demand for reproductive health related services. Conclusion:High school students in the three regions have a more open attitude towards premarital sex， but have a poor grasp of correct and efficient contraceptive knowledge. Responsible departments need to strengthen the health education of relevant knowledge， and at the same time to find new forms of education to effectively improve the level of adolescent reproductive health.

Prevalence of obesity among primary and middle students in Taizhou City / 上海预防医学

Objective To understand the prevalence of obesity among primary and middle school students in Taizhou, and provide scientific evidence for prevention and control. Methods A primary school, a middle school and a high school were randomly selected from each of 9 counties(cities or districts)in Taizhou using stratified sampling. We collected data on height, weight and age to calculate body mass index(BMI)and evaluated it according to the Appendix A of Technical Specification for Student Health Examination(GB/T 26343-2010)"Screening Standards for Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents". Descriptive statistics of obesity was conducted. Results The prevalence of obesity among primary, middle, and high school students in Taizhou was 8.08%. It was higher among boys(10.80%)than girls(5.08%)(P < 0.05). The trend of obesity significantly decreased among students in different schools was as follows:primary school > middle school > high schoolt(χboy2 = 259.309, P < 0.001; χgirl2 = 244.679, P < 0.001), regardless of sex. Conclusion Obesity among primary, middle, and high school students in Taizhou remains high, with an increasing trend in recent years. The targeted population for prevention and control is 7-12-year-old primary school students, especially boys.

Nutritional status of primary and middle school students in Yichun City， Jiangxi Province / 上海预防医学

Objective:To understand the basic nutrition situation of primary and secondary school students in the urban area of Yichun City， and to provide corresponding strategies and measures for the improvement of the nutrition of children and adolescents. Methods:A stratified sampling method was used to select the urban primary and secondary school students in 10 counties （cities， districts） in Yichun City from 2019 to 2020 for physical examinations to assess their nutritional status. Results:Among 8 921 primary and middle school students surveyed， 62（0.69%） were stunted in growth， 735（8.24%） were emaciated， 1 130（12.67%） were overweight， and 662（7.42%） were obese. The weight loss rate of primary school students was the highest （10.54%， 360/3 414）， followed by junior middle school students （7.07%， 214/3 026）， and senior high school students （6.49%， 161/2 481）. The difference was statistically significant （χ2=39.51， P<0.05）. The proportion of unbalanced nutritional status of boys was 35.66% （1 578/4 425）， which was higher than that of girls （22.49%， 1 011/4 496）， and the difference was statistically significant （χ2=187.91， P<0.01）. Conclusion:Both malnutrition and overweight/obesity exist in primary and middle school students in Yichun City. We should pay special attention to boys and lower grade students， and intervene different nutritional problems.

Investigation of the family environment of senior high school students with psychological problems / 四川精神卫生

ObjectiveTo discuss the family environment characteristics of senior high school students with psychological problems， and to provide references for realizing management of senior high school students' mental health. MethodsA total of 1 917 senior high school students in Foshan No. 2 Middle School were enrolled， and assessed using Middle School Student Mental Health Scale （MSSMHS-60） and a self-compiled family environment questionnaire. Then the family environment characteristics of senior high school students with psychological problems were analyzed. ResultsThe total score of MSSMHS-60 was （1.83±0.49） in 1 917 senior high school students， and was （2.40±0.36） in 602 （31.40%） students with psychological problems. The detection rate of psychological problems demonstrated significant difference among senior high school students with different status of companionship， household finance， parental rearing style and kinship （χ2=16.951， 38.142， 90.545， 59.448， P<0.05 or 0.01）. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of frequent parental quarrels was a risk factor for senior high school students' mental health （OR=3.120， P<0.01）. ConclusionThe detection rate of psychological problems is high among senior high school students in Foshan City， and family disputes is a risk factor for psychological problems.

Prevalence of internet gaming disorder in India: a technological hazard among adolescents

Background: Internet gaming disorder (IGD) refers to the problematic use of on-line or off-line video games. Presently the prevalence of IGD among the adolescent group was between 1.3% to 19.9% and males reported more prevalence than females. Aims of this study was to know the prevalence and the various factors associated with the development IGD among adolescents.Methods: Settings and Design was to a cross sectional study was conducted among students of High schools for a period of 3 months from July 2018 - September 2018. Four hundred adolescent students were included in the study. English version of the DSM–5 short (9-item) dichotomous scale with cut-off point of five or more criteria was used for diagnosing the IGD.Statistical analysis used descriptive statistics were represented with frequencies and percentages. Chi-square and Fisher Exact tests were applied to find significance difference. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: An overall prevalence estimate of IGD was 3.50% among the school children and it is higher among male students (8.8%) than female students (0.8%) and it was found statistically significant with a p value of <0.001.Conclusions: The prevalence differences between Age groups, gender, class of the student and availability of smart phone with internet facility act as an important risk factors for the occurrence of IGD among adolescents.