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Objective:Based on the theory of demand analysis theory, to build teaching resources of human physiology course and explore its application effect.Methods:The three-year nursing junior college students of Batch 2018 were selected as the research objects. According to the principle of randomization, the students were divided into the observation group (97 cases) and control group (99 cases). Students in the observation group used integrated teaching resources from the perspective of demand analysis, while students in the control group used traditional curriculum resources. After the end of the course, the differences between the two groups of students' theoretical and practical assessment results and teaching experience were compared SPSS 20.0 was used for t test. Results:The results of theoretical [(73.67±8.76) vs. (70.48±8.36)] and practical skills [(84.41±4.83) vs. (83.63±4.27)] in the observation group were significantly different from those in the control group ( P<0.05). The overall scores of 9 teaching effect sub-items, such as learning awareness of inquiry, independent learning ability and critical thinking ability, were significantly higher than those of the control group ( P<0.01). Conclusion:The construction of human physiology teaching resources based on demand analysis theory can improve the effectiveness and pertinence of resource construction, and the effective use of resources in teaching can significantly improve the teaching effect, stimulate students' subjective initiative, cultivate their comprehensive ability and improve classroom efficiency.
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Se presenta este artículo de revisión con base en la evidencia científica actual sobre medicina espacial enfocada en fisiología humana y sus contramedidas. Por lo cual se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica no sistemática de artículos científicos y libros de investigación en inglés-español de los últimos 7 años, que detallan su aplicación en seres humanos, modelos murinos y experimentos in vitro. Se tomaron en cuenta las condiciones del ambiente espacial como microgravedad y radiación que producen considerables cambios fisiológicos en el sistema cardiovascular (redistribución de líquidos, remodelación cardiovascular, arritmias); nervioso (sensitivomotores, neurosensoriales, neurovestibulares); respiratorio (cambios de volúmenes y capacidades); renal (litiasis); musculoesquelético (atrofia muscular, osteoporosis); hematológico (anemia); inmunológico (desregulación inmune) y digestivo (alteración de la microbiota intestinal). Además, existen procesos biológicos, moleculares y genéticos aún por explorar, para conocer y mitigar los mecanismos inciertos desencadenados en ambientes extremos y peligrosos. Por lo tanto, es una prioridad desarrollar e implementar contramedidas para reducir los efectos nocivos en la salud, con el objetivo de garantizar la adaptación, seguridad y performance del astronauta durante futuros viajes espaciales.
This Review Article is presented based on current scientific evidence on space medicine focused on human physiology and its countermeasures. Therefore, a non-systematic bibliographic search of scientific articles and research books in English-Spanish of the last 7 years was carried out, detailing their application in humans, murine models and in vitro experiments. The conditions of the space environment such as microgravity and radiation that produce considerable physiological changes in the cardiovascular system (redistribution of fluids, cardiovascular remodeling, arrhythmias) were taken into account; nervous (sensorimotor, neurosensory, neurovestibular); respiratory (volume and capacity changes); renal (lithiasis); musculoskeletal (muscular atrophy, osteoporosis); hematological (anemia); immunological (immune dysregulation) and digestive (intestinal microbiota disorder). In addition, there are biological, molecular and genetic processes still to be explored, in order to know and mitigate the uncertain mechanisms triggered in extreme and dangerous environments. Therefore, it is a priority to develop and implement countermeasures to reduce the harmful effects on health, with the aim of guaranteeing the astronaut's adaptation, safety and performance during future space flights.
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INTRODUCCIÓN: El interés de este estudio fue establecer posibles asociaciones con el estado físico, calidad de sueño y consumo de oxígeno máximo (VO2máx) con los síntomas de la enfermedad del síndrome de Intestino Irritables (SII) en los estudiantes universitarios. MÉTODOS: La muestra fue de n = 62 estudiantes universitarios (edad 25 ± 9 años; talla 1,63 ± 0,08 m; peso 68,6 ± 18,5 kg). Se midieron variables antropométricas, el VO2 máx mediante el test Rockport, se aplicó el cuestionario de índice de Calidad de Sueño de "Pittsburgh" (ICSP) y el "BEST-Score" 4 points. Se utilizó la prueba Anova y el coeficiente de Pearson. RESULTADO: En los síntomas del SII (%) se muestran diferencias entre sujetos normopeso vs obesidad (11,5 ± 10 vs 33,3 ± 23,1% p = 0.00). También se muestra diferencias en función del VO2 máx en ICPS: nivel 1 vs nivel 3 (26 ± 0,6 vs 13 ± 0,6% p = 0.04) y síntomas del SII (21,9 ± 10 vs 11,1 ± 17,9% p = 0.02). Los síntomas del SII obtuvieron correlación moderada con el IMC (r = 0,51; p = 0,00) y % de grasa (r = 0,60; p = 0,00), también el VO2 máx con la calidad del sueño (r = -0,52; p = 0,00). CONCLUSIÓN: Los estudiantes de la UPNFM que presentan un mayor VO2 máx muestran valores más bajos en la puntuación de síntomas del SII y podría estar asociado a conciliar mejor el sueño.
INTRODUCTION: The interest of this study was to establish possible associations with the physical state, sleep quality and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) with the symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) in university students. METHODS: The sample was n = 62 university students (age 25 ± 9 years, height 1.63 ± 0.08 m, weight 68.6 ± 18.5 kg). Anthropometric variables were measured, VO2max using the Rockport test, the "Pittsburgh Quality" Sleep Quality Index questionnaire (ICSP) and the "BEST-Score" 4 points were applied. The Anova test and the Pearson coefficient were used. RESULT: In the IBS symptoms (%) there are differences between subject's normal weight vs obesity (11.5 ± 10 vs 33.3 ± 23.1% p = 0.00). It also shows differences according to VO2max in ICPS: level 1 vs level 3 (26 ± 0.6 vs 13 ± 0.6% p = 0.04) and IBS symptoms (21.9 ± 10 vs 11.1 ± 17, 9% p = 0.02). The IBS symptoms showed moderate correlation with BMI (r = 0.51, p = 0.00) and of fat% (r = 0.60, p = 0.00), also the VO2max with the quality of sleep ( r = -0.52, p = 0.00). CONCLUSION: Students of UPNFM who present a higher VO2max show lower values in the symptom score of IBS and could be associated to better sleep conciliation.