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O acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) é uma das principais causas de morte, incapacidade e demência. A hipertensão arterial (HA) é o principal fator de risco para o AVC isquêmico ou hemorrágico demonstrando uma relação direta com os níveis pressóricos. O manejo da pressão arterial (PA) em adultos com AVC é complexo e desafiador devido a suas causas heterogêneas e suas consequências hemodinâmicas. Serão discutidas as recomendações de diretrizes no manuseio da HA na vigência de um AVC agudo, na prevenção e na recorrência.
Stroke is a major cause of death, disability and dementia. Hypertension is the main risk factor for ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes, demonstrating a direct relationship with blood pressure (BP) levels. The management of BP in adults with stroke is complex and challenging due to its heterogeneous causes and its hemodynamic consequences. Recommendations of guidelines on the management of hypertension during acute stroke, prevention and recurrence will be discussed.
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@#Introduction: Increasing trends of hypertension has been recognised as a common disease among the elderly. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hypertension and factors associated with blood pressure among hospitalised elderly. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 124 patients in Hospital Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Data on socio-demography, medical background, anthropometry, blood biochemistry and lifestyle were collected through face-to-face interviews and medical records. Dietary intake was obtained through two days of food history. Malnutrition risks and stress level were determined using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Results: There were 59.7% males and 40.3% females with mean age of 66.81±5.35 years. Majority were found to have hypertension (72.6%). Approximately 38.7% had normal body mass index (BMI). Most of them reported insufficient dietary intakes except for trans fats, sodium, and caffeine. Nearly 62.1% were engaged with physical activity, 23.4% were smoking, and 4.8% were taking alcohol. Approximately 66.1% and 86.3% were classified as having normal nutritional status and normal stress levels. In this study, the prevalence of hypertension among elderly patients warded in Hospital Serdang, Selangor was 72.6% and factors such as length of stay, number of co-morbidities, number of medications, having co-morbidities of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes mellitus, polypharmacy, height, BMI, fibre, polyunsaturated fat, dietary cholesterol, caffeine, and duration of physical activity were found to be associated with blood pressure. Conclusion: The present study found that majority of patients (72.6%) had hypertension. Future studies regarding factors associated with blood pressure are recommended.
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Objective@#To evaluate the effects of the intervention based on WeChat on blood pressure control in patients with essential hypertension. @*Methods@#The databases of CNKI，Wanfang，VIP，PubMed and the Cochrane Library were researched for the literatures about effects of the intervention based on WeChat on blood pressure control in patients with essential hypertension published from 2011 to 2018. These papers were retrieved and evaluated according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Stata 12.0 software was used for meta analysis.@*Results@#Eleven out of 880 papers were included into meta analysis. There were 1 174 cases，with 587 cases in the experimental group and 587 cases in the control group. The results of the meta analysis showed that compared with traditional health intervention method，the intervention based on WeChat significantly reduced the level of systolic blood pressure（WMD=14.77，95%CI：11.76-17.77）and diastolic blood pressure（WMD=8.17，95%CI：5.67-10.67）of hypertensive patients. Subgroup analysis showed that the longer the intervention，the better the effects（P<0.05）. @*Conclusion@#The intervention based on WeChat is more helpful than traditional health intervention for blood pressure control of patients with essential hypertension.
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Introdução: A hipertensão vem aumentando gradativamente tanto em adultos quanto em crianças e adolescentes em fase escolar. Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência da pré-hipertensão (PH) e da hipertensão arterial (HA), assim como avaliar suas associações com as variáveis antropométricas e de estado nutricional de crianças pré-escolares. Materiais e métodos: A amostra foi constituída por99 escolares de ambos os sexos, com média de idade de 5,30,1anos. Para investigação do estado nutricional, foram avaliadas a massa corporal, a estatura e a circunferência do quadril (CQ). Por meio desses dados, foram calculados o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e o índice de adiposidade corporal (IAC). A pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e a pressão arterial diastólica (PAD) foram obtidas de modo indireto, com o uso de esfigmomanômetro aneroide. Realizou-se o teste de Shapiro Wilk para verificação da normalidade dos dados. Após, foi realizada a estatística descritiva: média, desvio padrão e frequência percentual (%). O fator de correlação de Pearson (r) foi realizado para verificar as associações entre as variáveis. Recorreu-seao teste do χ2 para analisar a associação entre as frequências percentuais nos resultados obtidos. Resultados e discussão:Foi verificado que 18,19% dos avaliados apresentaram prevalência de HA, sendo 13,13% de PH e 5,06% de hipertensão. A PAS e PAD associaram-se significativamente (p=0,05) com massa corporal, IMC e IAC. Conclusão: Os resultados apresentados demonstraram que a PH e a HA apresentam associações significativas com massa corporal, IMC e IAC.
Introduction: Hypertension is increasing both in adults and in children and adolescents in school age. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of prehypertension (PH) and hypertension (HA) and to evaluate their associations with the anthropometric variables and nutritional status of preschool children. Methods: The sample consisted of 99 students from both genders, with an average age of 5.30.1 years.To investigate the nutritional status, body mass, height and hip circumference (HC) were evaluated. Through these data, we calculated the body mass index (BMI) and body adiposity index (BAI). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were obtained indirectly by aneroid blood pressure monitor. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to verify the normality of the data. After this, descriptive statistics were conducted with: average, standard deviation and frequency percentage (%). The Pearson correlation factor (r) was used to verify associations between variables.It used the test χ2 to analyze the association between the percentage frequencies in the results. Results: It was found that 18.19% of the individuals had a prevalence of HA, being 13.13% of PH and 5.06% of hypertension.The SBP and DBP were significantly associated (p=0.05) with body mass, BMI and BAI. Conclusion: The results showed that the PH and HA have significant associations with body mass, BMI and BAI.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Adolescente , Factores Culturales , Presión Arterial , Hipertensión/prevención & control , Evaluación Nutricional , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
Polymorphisms within the β2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) gene have been repeatedly linked to hypertension. Among the ADRB2 polymorphisms detected, Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu codons are considered the two most important variations. The amino acid substitution at these codons may lead to abnormal regulation of ADRB2 activity. The aim of the present study was to assess the association between ADRB2 polymorphisms and hypertension. This case-control study consisted of 100 unrelated subjects (50 hypertensive and 50 matched normal controls). Arg16Gly and the Gln27Glu polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism assay. There were no significant evidence of association in allelic and genotypes distribution of Arg16Gly and Glu27Gln with blood pressure and hypertension. These findings suggest that the variation within codon 16 and 27 of ADRB2 gene were unlikely to confer genetic susceptibility for hypertension in our population samples.
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Foram entrevistados 205 hipertensos em tratamento ambulatorial para avaliar o papel do perfil bio-social no conhecimento e grau de gravidade da doença. As características da população foram: 72% mulheres, 63% brancos, 78% com mais de 40 anos, 60% casados, 68% com baixa escolaridade, 41% com renda de 1 a 3 salários, 75% com peso elevado, 76% não fumantes, 89% sem atividade física regular, e das mulheres 48% já tinham usado hormônios anticoncepcionais. A análise evidenciou que a ausência de conhecimento se associou com sexo masculino, idade entre 20 e 40 anos, viúvo, não branco e peso normal. Pressão arterial mais elevada (diastólica> 110 mm Hg) se associou com mais de 60 anos, não casado, acima do peso, baixa escolaridade, baixa renda, com mais de 5 anos de hipertensão e já ter feito tratamento anterior
We interviewed 205 hypertensives to characterize social demographic data, life style, history and awareness of hypertension. Most patients were female (72%), white (63%), over 40 years old (78%), married (60%), and had low level of education (68%). Their family income was lower than US$ 3000 a year (41%). In terms of weight, 75% were classified as overweight, 76% were non smoker, and 89% did not do any regular physical activity. The profile of the hypertensives who were unaware of the disease was: male, 20-40 years old, widow, not white, and non-obese. The profile of the hypertensives who had high level of hypertension (diastólic> 110 mm Hg) was older than 60 years old, not married, overweight, low level of education, low income, with more than 5 years of hypertension, and previously treated