Stevens-Johnson syndrome induced by carbamazepine andamitriptyline in diabetic patient: a case report

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is systemic immune reactions (type IV hypersensitivity) that are usually present by blistering and erosions of skin and mucous membranes with involvement of multiple organ systems. The incidence of SJS is rare, with the common comorbidities are diabetes mellitus, epilepsy, hypertension, and stroke. This condition is associated with systemic proinflammatory state. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of blood glucose due to glucose intolerance, hyperglycemia, and impaired insulin secretion. Nowadays, pathogenesis of diabetes is considered to be dysregulation of immune factors that are recognized as important etiological components in the development of insulin resistance. We report a case of a 30-years-old man with fever and sore throat, who had type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and used carbamazepine and amitriptyline for diabetic neuropathy, then followed by redness and blistering on his lips, palates, face, and trunk which subsequently diagnosed with SJS.

Research advances in radiation-induced lung injury and Th1/Th2 imbalance / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Normal lung tissues are inevitably exposed to X-ray in thoracic radiotherapy,causing radiation-induced lung injury (RILI).The main pathological manifestations include the accumulation of inflammatory cells,release of cytokines,accumulation and proliferation of fibroblasts,and excessive deposition of alveolar interstitial collagen in the irradiated region.RILI severely affects the treatment compliance and quality of life and even threatens the life in the patients receiving radiotherapy.In recent years,numerous studies have found that Th1/Th2 imbalance is closely associated with the development and progression of RILI,and the cytokine network plays an executive role in the progression of RILI.Therefore,restoring the Th1/Th2 balance in vivo may provide a new way to prevent and treat RILI.

Lichen Planus in Four Clinical Forms.

Lichen planus is an autoimmune disorder which comes under lichenoid reactions. It is T-cell mediated cytotoxic reaction directed against antigen expressed by basal cell layer of the oral mucosa. Autoreactive T-lymphocytes may be of primary importance for the development of oral lichen planus. Lichen planus presentations in the oral cavity are in 6 forms: Reticular, papular, plaque, bullous, erythematous and ulcerative. We present a case report of 4 forms in a patient.

Comparison of the regenerative potential of an allograft used alone and that in conjunction with an immunosuppressive drug in the treatment of human periodontal infrabony defects: A clinical and radiological study.

Background: Experimentation confirmed the conclusion that bone allografts, like other tissue and organ allografts, are immunogenic. These immune responses cause resorption of allograft, thus lowering the bone formation capacity of the graft. An attempt has been made in this study to prevent immune reactions and achieve enhanced regeneration of allograft-demineralized freeze-dried bone matrix by incorporating it with an immunosuppressive drug Cyclosporine-A (CsA) in the treatment of human periodontal infrabony defects. Materials and Methods: Fifteen patients showing clinical evidence of almost bilateral infrabony defects requiring bone grafting procedures were selected. In each patient, the infrabony defect of one side of the arch was designated as Group A (control site) and the infrabony defect of the contralateral side of the same arch was designated as Group B (test site). Results: On comparative evaluation of the two groups (by Student t-test), the mean values of reduction in probing depth (P=0.81 NS ) and gain in clinical attachment level (P=1.00 NS ) of Group B were found to be greater than that of Group-A, but the differences were statistically non-significant. The mean linear bone fill (P=0.010 ** ) of Group B was also detected to be higher than that of Group A, and the difference was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: Increase in linear bone fill in Group B signifies the role of CsA in augmenting the regenerative potential of allograft by eliminating immune reactions.

Immune homeostasis to microorganisms in the guts of triatomines (Reduviidae): a review

Bacteria, fungi and parasites are in constant contact with the insect gut environment and can influence different aspects of the host gut physiology. Usually, some of these microorganisms develop and survive in the digestive tract. Therefore, the gut environment must be able to tolerate certain populations of these organisms for the establishment of interactions between non-pathogenic bacteria, parasites and the gut. This review provides a brief overview of the biological and molecular mechanisms that microorganisms use to interact with the gut epithelia in mosquitoes and speculates on their significances for the development of bacteria and Trypanosoma cruzi in the guts of triatomines.

The effects of vasectomy on health.

The study of possible adverse effects of vasectomy have been mainly focussed on hormonal balance, spermatogenesis, the induction· of auto-immune reactions and cardiovascular changes including the non-fatal myocardial infarction. The review of literature, including our own work on the immunological sequelae of vasectomy, indicates that there is no health hazard following vasectomy. The presence of antibodies to spermatozoa in some individuals, however, may effect future fertility, if reversal is requested.