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@#The biomedicine industry is a strategic emerging industry that is related to the national economy,people's livelihood,and national security. As a new generation of digital production technology,the intelligent manufacturing of biopharmaceuticals has been proposed by policies such as the“14th Five Year Plan”for the development of the bioeconomy,and has become an important direction for the transformation and upgrading of the biopharmaceutical industry. This paper started with the background and significance of studying the intelligent transformation of the biopharmaceutical industry,analyzed the goals of the intelligent transformation of biopharmaceutical enterprises,and proposed relevant countermeasures and suggestions to accelerate the promotion of high-end intelligent transformation of the domestic biopharmaceutical industry.
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BACKGROUND:Currently,the verification of the precision of personalized bone models is usually performed by methods such as paired t-tests or intraclass correlation coefficient,but such methods often require the production of large batches of models,which do not satisfy the need for immediate use of personalized models. OBJECTIVE:To study the feasibility of establishing the equivalent model to verify the precision of the personalized bone model rapidly. METHODS:Bone CT images of three adults were randomly obtained for reconstruction.3D printing was used to create personalized bone models,and then the personalized bone models were scanned using CT and reconstructed.Mimics was used to compare the reconstructed models of bone CT images with the bone CT images.Geomagic Studio was used to analyze the fitting deviation between the reconstruction model of personalized bone model CT image and the reconstruction model of skeletal CT image.The 3D-printed personalized bone model was measured against the measurement positions and dimensions marked on the reconstruction model of skeletal CT image,and the error was calculated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)By comparing the reconstructed bone CT image model with the bone CT scan image,the two were compatible in terms of anatomical structure and morphology,and the contours almost overlapped.(2)By fitting bias analysis,the standard bias was 0.176,0.226,and 0.143 mm in order,and all the results were<0.25 mm.(3)By measuring and calculating the model,the mean relative errors were 0.44%,0.21%,and 0.13%,and all the results were within 5%error.(4)The constructed equivalent model was in line with the basic conditions for making personalized bone models.The established equivalent model met the clinical needs and design requirements,and it was feasible to use the method of the equivalent model to verify the precision of the personalized bone model quickly.(5)This method could provide a targeted and rapid way to verify the precision of personalized bone models.It could achieve the goal of providing immediate clinical use without the need to produce large batches of models compared to conventional methods such as paired t-tests or intraclass correlation coefficient.
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Objective To analyze micronucleus abnormalities in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of industrial radiation workers and the influencing factors, and to provide a reference for radiation protection. Methods The occupational health monitoring data of 661 industrial radiation workers were collected from the occupational health examination system of Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The abnormalities in the micronucleus of peripheral blood lymphocytes were analyzed. The influencing factors were identified by logistic regression. Results The micronucleus abnormality rate was 6.05% for the 661 industrial radiation workers. There was no significant difference in micronucleus abnormality rate between sexes (P > 0.05). Comparison of age groups showed that the rate of micronucleus abnormality increased with age, and workers over 50 years of age has the highest rate of micronucleus abnormalities (17.81%); there was a significant difference between age groups (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in micronucleus abnormality rate between occupational categories (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in micronucleus abnormality rate between groups with different years of work (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age and years of work were the risk factors for micronucleus abnormality rate (P < 0.05); age was an independent risk factor for micronucleus abnormality rate (P < 0.05). Conclusion The effect of low-dose ionizing radiation on micronucleus abnormality rate of industrial radiation workers is related to age and working years. Attention should be paid to occupational health monitoring of radiation workers, especially those with advanced age.
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Photon Counting Detector(PCD)is a device used to detect X-ray photons,which can directly convert the energy of photons into electrical signals to achieve photon counting and measurement.PCD-based energy spectrum computed tomography(PCD-CT)technology can provide additional energy spectral imaging information,and improve imaging quality while reducing radiation dose.Compared with energy integrating detectors(EID),PCD has advantages of high energy conversion efficiency,good imaging quality,exquisite structural design,and wide application range.It has broad application prospects in ultra-low-dose CT,specific disease diagnosis,and industrial inspection.The application of PCD-CT in spectral CT imaging was reviewed to provide a useful reference for its application in clinical medical diagnosis and industrial applications.
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The medical-industrial fusion training model combines the knowledge and technology of medical and engineering disciplines in the training of oncology graduate students, which can help accurate diagnosis and treatment of tumors, promote cooperation and innovation in oncology research, as well as promote the cultivation and exchanges of composite and innovative medical talents in oncology, promote the innovation and development of oncology diagnostic and treatment technology, and improve the survival rate and quality of life of oncology patients. This paper discusses the application of medical-industrial fusion training model in the training of o ncology professionals, and explores the new teaching mode of medical-industrial fusion thinking in the cultivation of complex and innovative medical talents in oncology under the background of "new medical science".
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@#Introduction: The industrial park in the district of Parit Raja, Batu Pahat resulted in rapid growth of the town during the last 20 years and has been a reason of concern that this park also has contributed greatly to the problem of air pollution. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between industrial air pollution and respiratory symptoms in adults living in the Parit Raja. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was undertaken among residents in the district of Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. A total of 110 residents aged between 19 and 65 years were randomly selected and information on personal characteristics and respiratory symptoms was obtained through a validated questionnaire. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms was compared between residents recruited from the areas situated about 5km radius of the industrial park (exposed) and >5km radius from the industrial park (comparative). Results: A total of 34.5% and 25.5% of adults from the exposed group reported experiencing coughing for the last 3 months and chest tightness for the last 3 years. The logistic regression models showed that symptoms of coughing was associated with the exposed group (aOR=6.34, 95% CI=2.08-19.35), male respondents (aOR=3.18, 95% CI=1.10-9.16) and who stay in Part Raja for more than 14 years (aOR=3.16, 95% CI=1.14-8.79). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that long-term air pollution exposures are consistently associated with respiratory symptoms in residents living in the proximity of industrial parks. Therefore, public health initiatives that aim to provide more conducive environment are needed, especially for residents living near industrial parks.
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Introduction@#The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted technical workers who work more often in the field (e.g., engineering, mechanical, health safety environment (HSE), quality control, and production workers) with increasingly complex workloads and work pressures. Few studies have yet to examine the job satisfaction of such workers using a combination of psychological and organizational factors during difficult times, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. @*Objective@#This study aims to explain whether psychological and organizational factors affect employee job satisfaction as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. @*Methods@#This quantitative research uses Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling. A survey with a questionnaire was used to collect data in this study. Using the non-probability sampling technique, data from 103 respondents spread throughout four Similar Exposure Groups (SEGs) in Indonesia were collected. Data analysis in this study used SmartPLS 3.0. @*Results@#Male workers in this study constituted more than 90% of the respondents, the majority with a long working period (more than five years). Worker experience was directly proportional to worker age; most workers were between 41 and 56 years old. The results, with a majority of SEGs from engineering, found that out of five hypotheses (H1–H5), four are accepted while one is rejected. Employee job satisfaction during this pandemic is influenced by the feeling of safety (H1) and work pressure (H3). Work pressure is further influenced by the feeling of safety at work (H2). Moreover, work pressure acts as a mediator on the feeling of safety and job satisfaction (H4). However, job satisfaction is not influenced by management commitment (H5). @*Conclusion@#Management commitment to work safety during pandemic situations must be adjusted, especially regarding policies to ensure the availability of additional standards on health protocols to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in the workplace. In addition, the guarantee that the company is committed to ensuring that workers feel safe will be covered if exposed to COVID-19. Occupational safety and health standards are no longer fully focused on work equipment or facilities. The feeling of safety and work pressure during a pandemic require attention from companies in accordance with their existing limitations and capabilities.
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Satisfacción en el Trabajo , COVID-19RESUMEN
Resumo A partir de pesquisa sobre a descoberta, a invenção e a inovação relacionadas à penicilina, por amostra de atividades de resolução de problemas tecnológicos rastreada pela distribuição, no período de 1929 a 1945, de trabalhos científicos, relatórios de governo, inovações e patentes, o artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a importância do progresso científico para a segurança nacional. A análise destaca a trajetória tecnológica e os resultados na área de propriedade intelectual, considerando um fator importante a política implementada nos EUA para catalisar processos de inovação e oferecer condições institucionais para atender às demandas de defesa nacional, o que não significa necessariamente unicidade de solução em outros contextos.
Abstract This article examines discoveries, inventions, and innovations related to penicillin by sampling activities to solve technological problems which can be traced by the distribution of scientific articles, government reports, innovations, and patents between 1929 and 1945, and proposes reflection on the importance of scientific progress for national security. The analysis highlights the technological trajectory and outcomes in the area of intellectual property, considering US policy implemented to catalyze innovation and provide institutional conditions to meet national defense needs as an important factor, although this did not necessarily imply a unique solution in other contexts.
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Abstract This paper examines the development of the TECNO-ITINTEC museum, the first interactive science museum in Peru, which opened in 1979. The museum functioned under the Institute of Industrial Technology Research and Technical Standards (ITINTEC), a public institution established during the government of Velazco Alvarado. In 1975, Jorge Heraud became the president of ITINTEC's Board of Directors and proposed a science museum to inspire future generations of scientists. José Castro Mendívil joined as the exhibition's director and designer. Their motivation to open a museum coincided with the government's ideals for modernization and nationalization. This article analyzes various sources including newspapers, laws that regulated the institute, reports, and interviews with people involved in the museum to understand how science and politics intersected in TECNO-ITINTEC
Resumen Este artículo examina la creación del museo TECNO-ITINTEC, el primer museo interactivo de ciencias del Perú, inaugurado en 1979. El museo funcionó bajo el Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Industrial y de Normas Técnicas (ITINTEC), una institución pública creada durante el gobierno de Velazco Alvarado. En 1975, Jorge Heraud se convirtió en presidente de la Junta Directiva de ITINTEC y propuso un museo de ciencias para inspirar a las futuras generaciones de científicos. José Castro Mendívil se incorporó como director y creador de la exposición. Sus motivaciones para abrir el museo coincidieron con los ideales del gobierno militar de modernización y nacionalización. Este artículo analiza diversas fuentes incluyendo periódicos, leyes que regulaban el instituto, informes y entrevistas a personas involucradas en el museo para comprender cómo la ciencia y la política se cruzaban en TECNO-ITINTEC.
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Introducción: Las enfermedades transmitidas por los alimentos es un fenómeno a nivel internacional que provoca cada año miles de enfermos o muertos, con la inclusión de niños y ancianos. La inocuidad de los alimentos es el proceso que garantiza la calidad de estos durante el proceso productivo, almacenamiento y distribución. Evitar afectaciones en este proceso beneficia directamente la calidad de vida sin que represente un riesgo para la salud. Objetivo: Ofrecer acciones en el proceso industrial de la Unidad Empresarial de Base Planta de Leche y sus Derivados, perteneciente a la Empresa Productos Lácteos Guantánamo, que permitan la inocuidad de los productos lácteos a partir de insuficiencias identificadas. Método: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo y cuantitativo en dicha planta en el periodo 2021-2022, donde participaron 43 obreros (N=43) directamente vinculados con el proceso productivo de los productos lácteos. Se aplicaron el cuestionario y la observación participante para la obtención de la información. Se contó, además, con los criterios y opiniones de cuatros directivos y seis especialistas de la entidad. Resultados: Se hallaron limitaciones en la concepción de alternativas que constituyen acciones novedosas para la aplicación en el proceso industrial de resultados de calidad en la inocuidad de los productos lácteos a partir de la obsolescencia de los equipos y los niveles de conocimiento de Regular y Mal en el 100 porciento de los obreros. Se aplicaron acciones que permitan asegurar la inocuidad. Conclusiones: Las acciones que se presentan satisfacen las limitaciones diagnosticadas, corroborada durante el desempeño laboral para satisfacer las demandas sociales de inocuidad.(AU)
Introduction: Foodborne diseases are an international phenomenon that causes thousands of illnesses or deaths every year, including children and the elderly. Food safety is the process that guarantees food quality during the production process, storage and distribution. Avoiding effects in this process directly benefits the quality of life without representing a risk to health. Objective: To offer actions in the industrial process of the Milk and its Derivatives Plant Base Business Unit, belonging to the Productos Lácteos Guantánamo Company, that allow the safety of dairy products based on identified insufficiencies. Method: A qualitative and quantitative study was carried out in said plant in the period 2021-2022, where 43 workers (N=43) directly linked to the production process of dairy products participated. The questionnaire and participant observation were applied to obtain the information. In addition, the criteria and opinions of four directors and six specialists of the entity were included. Results: Limitations were found in the conception of alternatives that constitute novel actions for the application in the industrial process of quality results in the safety of dairy products based on the obsolescence of equipment and the levels of knowledge of Regular and Poor in 100 percent of the workers. Actions were applied to ensure safety. Conclusions: The actions presented satisfy the diagnosed limitations, corroborated during work performance to satisfy social demands for safety.(AU)
Introdução: As doenças transmitidas por alimentos são um fenómeno internacional que causa milhares de doenças ou mortes todos os anos, incluindo crianças e idosos. A segurança alimentar é o processo que garante a qualidade dos alimentos durante o processo de produção, armazenamento e distribuição. Evitar efeitos nesse processo beneficia diretamente a qualidade de vida sem representar risco à saúde. Objetivo: Oferecer ações no processo industrial da Unidad Empresarial de Base Planta de Leche y sus Derivados, pertencente à Empresa Produtos Lácteos Guantánamo, que permitam a segurança de produtos lácteos com base nas insuficiências identificadas. Método: Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo e quantitativo na referida fábrica no período 2021-2022, onde participaram 43 trabalhadores (N=43) ligados diretamente ao processo produtivo de laticínios. O questionário e a observação participante foram aplicados para obtenção das informações. Além disso, foram incluídos os critérios e opiniões de quatro diretores e seis especialistas da entidade. Resultados: Foram encontradas limitações na concepção de alternativas que constituam ações inéditas para a aplicação no processo industrial de resultados de qualidade na segurança de produtos lácteos com base na obsolescência dos equipamentos e nos níveis de conhecimento Regular e Ruim em 100 porcento dos trabalhadores. Ações foram aplicadas para garantir a segurança. Conclusões: As ações apresentadas satisfazem as limitações diagnosticadas, corroboradas durante o desempenho do trabalho para satisfazer as demandas sociais de segurança.(AU)
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Resumo A covid-19 jogou luz sobre o impacto negativo da propriedade intelectual na saúde e deu nova relevância à Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade 5529/DF, que, acatada pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal em 2021, culminou na extinção da extensão automática de patentes no Brasil. Este estudo busca analisar o efeito do julgamento histórico da ADI 5529/DF sobre pedidos de patente e as patentes de interesse das Parcerias para Desenvolvimento Produtivo (PDP). Trata-se de um estudo com base em uma pesquisa documental de análise do andamento, até 31 de dezembro de 2020, de 90 pedidos de patente relacionados a 15 medicamentos objetos de PDP. Nos sites do Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial, do Ministério da Saúde, da Anvisa e da Câmara de Regulação do Mercado de Medicamentos, foram pesquisadas variáveis para comparar o cenário patentário dos medicamentos com o das PDP. De 88 pedidos válidos, 28 patentes foram concedidas, das quais dezessete foram estendidas para mais de vinte anos (média de 24 anos e nove meses). A decisão do STF resultou em mais de 68 anos de monopólio perdidos, potencialmente desanuviando alternativas para a produção de genéricos no país. Neste momento de retomada das PDP, estratégias para a superação de barreiras patentárias deveriam ser incorporadas à política.
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has shed light on the negative impact of intellectual property on health and has given new relevance to the Direct Action of Unconstitutionality 5529/DF, which was ruled by the Supreme Court in 2021, resulting in the extinction of automatic patent extensions in Brazil. This documentary case study analyzes the effects of the judicial decision on patent applications and patents of interest for Productive Development Partnerships (PDP), investigating the progress of 90 patent applications related to 15 PDPs drugs of interest until Decembre 31, 2020. Variables for comparing the drug patent scenario with that of the PDPs were researched on the websites of the National Institute of Industrial Property, the Ministry of Health, ANVISA, and the Brazilian Medicines Market Regulation Chamber. Of 88 valid applications, 28 patents were granted, 17 of which had been extended to more than 20 years (24 years and 09 months average). The court decision resulted in a loss of over 68 years of monopoly, potentially opening alternatives for generic production. This resumption of the PDP policy should incorporate strategies to overcome patent barriers.
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Propiedad Intelectual de Productos y Procesos Farmacéuticos , Acceso a Medicamentos Esenciales y Tecnologías Sanitarias , Complejo Económico-Industrial de la Salud , Política de SaludRESUMEN
Por meio de pesquisa de campo qualitativa, este estudo busca compreender as diferentes possibilidades de alcance de programas de diversidade em trabalhadoras de grupos sociais distintos. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com três trabalhadoras de empresas que contam com programas de diversidade. A análise se deu a partir da abordagem da psicologia sócio-histórica, dado seu caráter dialético, tendo como ferramenta metodológica principal a análise dos núcleos de significação. Os resultados indicam influência positiva da existência de programas de diversidade organizacional no sentimento de pertencimento organizacional dos trabalhadores que compõem esses grupos. Também se observou que dificuldades relacionadas à identificação com os grupos de diversidade podem levar trabalhadores a não aderirem a essas políticas organizacionais. Conclui-se que empresas com programas de diversidade efetivos apresentam maiores chances de atração e retenção de pessoas pertencentes a grupos minorizados, entretanto essa eficácia está diretamente ligada à adesão dos trabalhadores às iniciativas de diversidade promovidas pelas organizações
By a qualitative field research, this study sought to understand the different possibilities of diversity programs to reach workers from several social groups. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with three workers from companies that have diversity programs. The analysis was based on socio-historical psychology due to its dialectical character, having as its main tool the analysis of meaning cores. Results indicate the positive influence of organizational diversity programs on organizational belonging for workers who make up these groups. This study also observed that difficulties related to identification with diversity groups can lead workers to fail to adhere to these organizational policies. This research concluded that companies that have effective diversity programs show greater chances of attracting and retaining people belonging to minority groups. However, this effectiveness is directly linked to the adherence of workers to the diversity initiatives promoted by organizations
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Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Percepción Social , Mujeres Trabajadoras/psicología , Representación Social , Pertenencia , Diversidad de la Fuerza Laboral , Innovación Organizacional , Psicología Social , Cambio SocialRESUMEN
Introducción: El desarrollo de la medicina se favorece activamente con el progreso de la sociedad imperante. Las iniciativas proporcionadas por las diferentes revoluciones industriales han sido significativas para el sector de la salud, es en la tercera revolución industrial, donde se ha logrado una integración activa del desarrollo tecnológico y científico con las ciencias de la salud. Objetivo: Identificar desde diversas aristas las tendencias tecnológicas actuales orientadas en el desarrollo científico para el sector de la salud en Cuba. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de las diferentes etapas por las que ha transitado el desarrollo médico tecnológico en los últimos cinco años en el mundo y en Cuba, la integración de las Ciencias de la Salud con las tecnologías con una visión histórica-lógica de sus procesos hasta la actualidad; se analizaron sus trayectorias, tendencias y propósitos en los conocimientos, técnicas e impactos más relevantes y principales metas. Conclusiones: En el proceso de informatización del sistema nacional de salud se observa un acelerado impacto del uso de las tecnologías telemáticas en la calidad de las prestaciones de los servicios médicos, lo que se traduce en calidad, efectividad, factibilidad en los servicios de salud y satisfacción social en la excelencia en los servicios médicos asistenciales actuales.
Introduction: The development of medicine is actively favored by the progress of the prevailing society. The initiatives provided by the different industrial revolutions have been significant for the health sector, it is the third industrial revolution, where an active integration of technological and scientific development with the health sciences has been achieved. Objective: To identify from various angles the current technological trends oriented towards scientific development for the health sector in Cuba. Methods: An observational, longitudinal, historical, analytical and synthetic study of the different stages through which technological medical development has passed in the last five years in the world and for Cuba, the integration of Health Sciences with technologies with a historical-logical vision of their processes up to the present; They analyzed their trajectories, trends and purposes in the most relevant knowledge, techniques and impacts and main goals. Conclusions: In the process of computerization of the national health system, an accelerated impact of the use of telematic technologies on the quality of medical services is observed, which translates into quality, effectiveness, feasibility in health services and social satisfaction in excellence in current medical care services.
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Los compuestos fenólicos poseen propiedades bioactivas de interés en la Medicina. Investigaciones actuales se enfocan en la búsqueda de nuevas fuentes de este tipo de compuestos. Varios estudios se han propuesto recuperar, caracterizar e identificar compuestos fenólicos a partir de residuos agroindustriales buscando en ellos diversas actividades biológicas. La presente investigación se desarrolló con el objetivo de describir el uso potencial de residuos agroindustriales como una fuente de compuestos fenólicos con actividad biológica y su uso en la Medicina. Los residuos agroindustriales poseen un elevado potencial como novedosa fuente de compuestos fenólicos con actividad biológica, empleables en la farmacéutica, industria alimentaria y cosmética. Entre sus aplicaciones se encuentran las de antioxidante, antiinflamatorio, antimicrobiano y la actividad antiproliferativa. Varios de los residuos agroindustriales provienen de productos cultivables en Ecuador, de ahí que constituya una oportunidad a explotar en la industria nacional. Los estudios en Ecuador sobre el aprovechamiento de residuos agroindustriales se enfocan en la obtención de biocombustibles, bioplásticos y productos de alimentación animal, por lo que la búsqueda de compuestos bioactivos a partir de nuevas fuentes aún es un campo incipiente.
Phenolic compounds have bioactive properties of interest in Medicine. Current research focuses on the search for new sources of this type of compounds. Several studies have proposed recovering, characterizing and identifying phenolic compounds from agroindustrial waste, searching for various biological activities in them. The present research was developed with the objective of describing the potential use of agroindustrial waste as a source of phenolic compounds with biological activity and their use in Medicine. Agroindustrial waste has a high potential as a novel source of phenolic compounds with biological activity, which can be used in the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries. Among its applications are antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antiproliferative activity. Several of the agroindustrial waste come from cultivable products in Ecuador, hence it constitutes an opportunity to be exploited in the national industry. Studies in Ecuador on the use of agroindustrial waste focus on obtaining biofuels, bioplastics and animal feed products, so the search for bioactive compounds from new sources is still an incipient field.
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Resumo O artigo discute o lugar do Complexo Industrial da Saúde na iniciativa governamental de uma nova industrialização no Brasil. Para isso, aborda eventuais caminhos que a iniciativa reserva para os seus diversos componentes. Começa discutindo a propriedade desse processo mirar uma "soberania sanitária" como objetivo. Em seguida, aponta a necessária articulação da indústria na saúde com a política geral de industrialização. Ressalta o papel do Estado e do setor privado nesse processo e ressalta a presença do SUS e do Ministério da Saúde. Finalmente, aponta as condições de competição entre o Complexo Industrial da Saúde e o oligopólio industrial global.
Abstract The article discusses the place of the Health Industrial Complex in the government initiative for a new industrialization in Brazil. To this end, it discusses possible paths that the initiative reserves for its various components. It begins by discussing the appropriateness of this process to target "sanitary sovereignty" as an objective. Then, it points out the necessary articulation of the health industry with the general industrialization policy. It emphasizes the role of the State and the private sector in this process and emphasizes the presence of the SUS and the Ministry of Health. Finally, it points out the conditions of competition between the Health Industrial Complex and the global industrial oligopoly.
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Resumo Esse artigo apresenta os primeiros resultados da pesquisa sobre o novo mundo do trabalho da saúde no contexto da revolução 4.0 que buscou, além de identificar o perfil e o volume de emprego gerado pelas atividades de saúde no Brasil, analisar as principais transformações no mundo do trabalho e do emprego provocadas pelas novas tecnologias e seus potenciais efeitos no âmbito do Complexo Econômico-Industrial da Saúde (CEIS). A metodologia busca contribuir para uma nova visão dos profissionais de saúde, pois além de caracterizar o perfil ocupacional, incluindo seu conteúdo tecnológico, incorpora profissionais alocados, direta e indiretamente, no CEIS. Os resultados apresentados, fruto da aplicação da metodologia nas bases de dados da RAIS e da PNAD Contínua, para os anos entre 2012 e 2019, revelam a elevada capacidade de geração de bons empregos no CEIS, mesmo em contexto de crise econômica. O mercado de trabalho em saúde, tanto por sua escala, complexidade e diversidade, quanto por seu dinamismo e potencial em termos de incidência das tecnologias 4.0, indica que o desenvolvimento do CEIS pode se constituir em motor do desenvolvimento do país, associando inovação e produção à modernização do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e à geração de bons empregos.
Abstract This article presents the initial results of the ongoing research on the new world of healthcare work in the context of the 4th Technological Revolution. In addition to identifying the profile and volume of employment generated by health activities in Brazil, this investigation also analyzes the main transformations in the world of work and employment caused by new technologies and their potential impacts upon the field of the Health Economic-Industrial Complex (HEIC). The methodology seeks to contribute to a new vision of health professionals, which includes not only the employment profile with its technological content, but also the professionals directly and indirectly assigned to HEIC. Applying this methodology to the databases of RAIS and Continuous PNAD from 2012 to 2019, reveals HEIC's high capacity to generate good jobs, even in a context of economic crisis. The health labor market, both for its scale, complexity, and diversity, and for its dynamism and potential in terms of the incidence of 4.0 technologies, indicates that the development of HEIC can become the engine of the country's development, associating innovation and production with the modernization of the Unified Health System (SUS) and the generation of good jobs.
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RESUMO O cenário tecnológico no campo da saúde é um fato alarmante, mormente no contexto provocado pela Covid-19. Nessa conjuntura, a Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, por meio da Unidade de Bio-Manguinhos, e o Butantan foram protagonistas para o acesso universal, dialogando com estratégicas internacionais. No adensamento da discussão estratégica para Instituições Públicas de Produção e Inovação em Saúde (Ippis), o uso de diretrizes da Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde destaca-se como via de mudança paradigmática para a introdução de tecnologias no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) alinhada à visão de inovação de futuro em saúde consonante às demandas nacionais. Este artigo, desenvolvido metodologicamente mediante pesquisas descritiva qualitativa, bibliográfica, documental e trabalho de campo, buscou traçar simetrias e assimetrias baseado nas experiências coletadas em empresa farmacêutica global e instituição de referência nacional pública do campo de incorporação tecnológica em saúde. Como resultados, são explicitados pontos-chave para o fortalecimento técnico e político do Complexo Econômico-Industrial da Saúde, por meio da revisão organizacional das Ippis quanto a aspectos de inovação e de gestão, culminado na promoção de melhorias na Política de ciência, tecnologia e inovação em resposta ao desafio da sustentabilidade, efetividade e acesso no SUS.
ABSTRACT The technological scenario in the field of health is an alarming fact, especially in the context caused by COVID-19. In this context, the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, through the Bio-Manguinhos Unit, and the Butantan Institute were protagonists for universal access, dialoguing with international strategies. In the strategic discussion for Public Institutions of Production and Innovation in Health (IPPIS), the use of guidelines of the Technological Assessment in Health stands out as a way of paradigmatic change for the introduction of technologies in the Unified Health System (SUS) in line with the vision of future innovation in health in accordance with national demands. This article, methodologically developed through qualitative descriptive research, bibliographical, documentary and field work, sought to trace symmetries and asymmetries based on the experiences collected in a global pharmaceutical company and a public national reference institution in the field of technological incorporation in health. As a result, key points are explained for the technical and political strengthening of the Health Economic-Industrial Complex, through the organizational review of the IPPIS regarding innovation and management aspects, culminating in the promotion of improvements in the science, technology and innovation policy in response to the challenge of sustainability, effectiveness and access in the SUS.
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Ocular injuries are one of the major factors for mono-ocular blindness in adult population. Majority of mechanical ocular injuries occurs in factories. Our patient had injury with grinder blade. On examination, vision was no perception of light in right eye, corneoscleral tear along with lens and vitreous in the wound. Ocular trauma score was 1 with chances of visual recovery nil. After primary treatment, when we had taken patient under general anaesthesia, we found whole retina lying over cornea which was a rare event. We excised that tissue and tear repair was done. None of the factors which can lead to expulsive haemorrhage was observed in patient. We have seen many patients with extensive corneoscleral tear but never seen retina coming out of the wound. We recommend to use all protective equipments for workers to prevent industrial ocular injuries.
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This paper introduces the teaching method of medical-electrical cross-integration and the teaching practice experience in the past three years by taking the integration of medicine and electrical engineering as an example. Starting from the analysis of the characteristics of learning situation, the teaching introduction process, the case discussion and analysis, and the after-class tracking and improvement, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the medical-electrical cross-teaching and proposes the corresponding teaching methods and supporting cases. Preliminary exploration attempts show that this teaching method can improve students' comprehensive ability, especially multidisciplinary thinking ability, and has a certain positive effect.
RESUMEN
In Das Kapital, Marx cited the Public Health Report of Dr. Simon, the promoter of the British public health reform, and developed Marx’s "industrial pathology", which not only directly demonstrated the oppression and exploitation of capitalism on the working class, but also indirectly raised expectations and construction of doctors’ professional ethics and social values. Marx believed that the doctors should have professional, fair and resolute ethic, and only by placing their value in the working people and putting the health and interests of the people first, can they better save the dying, heal the wounded, and play a greater role of value and advantage. Reviewing the professional ethics and social values of doctors from the perspective of Marx’s "industrial pathology" not only enlightens people on how to better respond to the COVID-19, but also has important reference significance for the construction of contemporary medical ethics.