Current status and consideration of endoscopy-assisted Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy / 中华消化外科杂志

Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy has been widely accepted as one of the important surgery for esophageal cancer.With the development of minimally invasive technology and demand of the time,endoscopy-assisted Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy has been used by more and more surgeons,however,it has a higher technical difficulty and a lower operating speed.This article has summarized the current status of endoscopy-assisted Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy,and analyzed the characteristics and existent problems of anastomosis methods.

Analysis of short-and long-term outcomes after esophagectomy in elderly cancer pa-tients / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:To analyze the short-and long-term outcomes of elderly patients after esophagectomy by comparing preopera-tive comorbidities, postoperative complications, and survival rates among different age groups. Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the data of 253 patients who underwent esophagectomy from January to December 2010 in The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China. Eighty-eight (34.8％) patients were aged<60 years (group A), 145 (57.3％) were aged 60-75 years (group B), and 20 (7.9％) were aged≥75 years (group C). The short-and long-term outcomes of the patients were analyzed. Results:There were significant differences in three group of patients with hypertension before operation (P<0.05). There were statistically sig-nificant differences among all complications, major complications, pulmonary infection, arrhythmia, and respiratory insufficiency (P<0.05), except for anastomotic leakage and other complications (P>0.05). The mean follow-up was 50.7 months. The median overall sur-vival and 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 68 months and 98.9％, 86.8％, and 69％, respectively, for group A;61 months and 93.1％, 76.1％, and 51％, respectively, for group B;and 32 months and 63.3％, 46％, and 28.8％, respectively, for group C (P<0.001). The median progression-free survival (PFS) and 1-, 3-, and 5-year PFS rates were 60 months and 98.86％, 85.2％, and 45.5％, respectively, for group A;43 months and 87.6％, 53.1％, and 26.9％, respectively, for group B;and 11 months and 30％, 20％, and 10％, respectively, for group C (P<0.001). The differences in survival rates between groups A and B, A and C, and B and C were statistically significant (P<0.001). The multivariate analysis showed that age and TNM stage IV were independent risk factors for overall survival and PFS (P<0.05). Conclusions:The long-term survival rate decreases significantly in elderly patients with esophageal cancer. In addition, age and advanced pathological stage of tumor are independent risk factors for long-term outcomes.

Improvement to colon interposition after esophagectomy / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To explore the improving safety measures of colon interposition after esophagectomy .Methods From January 2003 to December 2014, 65 cases of colon interposition after esophagectomy were performed, and some improve-ments were made in the methods and procedures .Mainly including: Preoperative evaluation to first operation; Selection of co-lon segment; Simplify vascular anatomy;Cervical anastomosis was replaced by intrathoracic anastomosis;Modified anastomosis sequence; Strengthen preoperative preparation.Results There were no perioperative deaths.Only 2 patients with cervical fis-tula, due to malnutrition automatically discharged.The rate of anastomotic leakage on neck were 27.77%(10/36) and 6.89%(2/29) in the chest.2 cases were completed intestinal obstruction after jejunostomy , 1 cases of volvulus and 1 cases of intus-susception confirmed by reoperation.Conclusion Colon interposition after esophagectomy is a very important way of surgery. The operation process is complex, but as long as mastering the point of surgery, improving the surgical procedures, the good effect can be obtained and greatly improve the safety of the operation .

Anastomosis in minimally invasive Ivor lewis esophagectomy via two ports provides equivalent perioperative outcomes to open.

OBJECTIVE: Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) is becoming a selective treatment of esophageal cancer; however, it’s a complex and technically demanding surgical operation. MIE can be performed in high volume centers in a variety of ways using different techniques. Transthoracic staplers have traditionally been used in open transthoracic Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy (ILE) with good success. An investigation of the safety and utility of transthoracic stapler via two ports on thorax for esophageal anastomosis in minimally invasive ILE is reviewed. METHODS: Patients of esophageal cancer were selected between November 2012 and July 2014. All the patients received minimally invasive (MIE) or open transthoracic ILE. Transthoracic stapler for MIE anastomosis was performed through the major port located at subaxillary region. Patients’ demographics, indications for esophagectomy, perioperative treatments, intraoperative data, postoperative complications, hospital length of stay, 7 and in-hospital mortality were evaluated. RESULTS: Totally, 63 consecutive patients underwent MIE or ILE. All the patients were Han with a mean age of 60 years (52–74). The indication of surgery is esophageal cancer, and squamous cell carcinoma was defined by pathologist before operation. None of the patients had neoadjuvant chemotherapy or radiation. All the MIE patients were no conversions to open thoracotomy or laparotomy. Mean operative time was 4.5 h. One patient (3.03%) suffered postoperative pneumonia, no leak from the gastric conduit staple line or esophageal anastomoses, no postoperative complication required surgical intervention was observed. The median hospital length of stay was 13 days (range 7–18). There were no in-hospital mortalities. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, transthoracic stapler through the major port at subaxillary seems technically feasible and safe for minimally invasive ILE with comparable morbidity and oncologic data to open.

A retrospective study of short-term outcomes of minimally invasive Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy and McKeown esophagectomy for thoracic middle-lower esophageal carcinoma / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To investigate the feasibility,safety and curative effect of combined laparoscopic and thoracoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma and gastro-esophageal anastomosis in right thoracic cavity.Methods We retrospectively evaluated 357patients with esophageal carcinoma who received minimally invasive esophagectomy(MIE) in our center between October 2011 and March 2014.Of those 357 patients,219 underwent MIILE and 138 underwent MIME.The clinicopathologic factors,operational factors,postoperative complications and postoperative recurrence were compared.Results The 2 groups were similar in terms of age,sex,American Society of Anesthesiologists grade,tumor location,preoperative staging.The MILLE approach was associated with no significant decrease in surgical blood loss.Duration of operation,chest tube duration,hospitalization expenses and postoperative stay relative to the MIME approach(P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in postoperative complications(P ＞0.05).The MIILE approach was associated with significantly fewer anastomotic fistula,RLN injury,anastomotic stensis than the MIME approach(P ＜0.05).Conclusion Our MIILEtechnique can be safely and effectively performed for intrathoracic anastomosis during esophageal surgeries with favorable early outcomes.

Esofagectomía subtotal por abordaje mini-invasivo: resultados de una experiencia inicial / Subtotal esophagectomy for mini - invasive approach: results of an initial experience

Antecedentes: Existen múltiples técnicas de esofagectomía mini-invasiva (EMI). Su gran heterogeneidad hace que los meta análisis no den resultados concluyentes y que se requieran series con técnicas estandarizadas. Existen pocas experiencias publicadas de esofagectomías subtotales con anastomosis intratará cicas realizadas totalmente por vía mini-invasiva. No existen publicaciones de EMI en nuestro país.Objetivo: Analizar los resultados iniciales de una serie consecutiva de EMI con anastomosis intratorácica. Lugar de aplicación: Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires.Diseño: Estudio observacional retrospectivo.Población: 34 pacientes operados de esofagectomías totalmente mini-invasivas de 2009 a 2011, con más de 6 meses de seguimiento. Método: Se excluyeron los casos híbridos (abordajes combinados mini-invasivos y convencionales). Se evalúa una serie inicial de EMI, analizando las subtotales con anastomosis intratorácicas realizadas por abordaje totalmente laparoscópico y toracoscópico. Resultados: De las 34 EMI, 26 fueron con anastomosis intratorácica. No hubo conversiones. El promedio de ganglios resecados fue de 26,1. La morbilidad total fue del 38,2%, de las cuales la morbilidad mayor en subtotales fue del 19,2%. Se registró una mortalidad (2,9%) debida a hemorragia post colocación de stent endoscópico. El 85% de los pacientes presentó sobrevida libre de enfermedad, con seguimiento de 21 meses. No hubo recidivas locales ni implantes tumorales en sitio de trocares. Conclusiones: La EMI con anastomosis intratorácica es una técnica segura en recuperación y morbilidad posoperatoria. Permite manejo tipo fast track con tiempos cortos de internación. Este abordaje posibilitó linfadenectomías radicales con bajo impacto respiratorio.

Background: múltiple techniques of esophagectomy are mini-invasive (MIÉ). Its great heterogeneity makes the meta-analyses do not give conclusive results and series with standardized techniques may be required. There are few published experiences of esophagectomies subtotals with anastomosis performed entirely by the via mini-invasive intrathoracics. There are no publications of MIÉ in our country. Objective: To evalúate the initial results of a consecutive series of MIÉ with intrathoracic anastomosis. Setting: Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires.Design: retrospective observational study Population: 34 esophagectomies-operated patients completely mini-invasive from 2009 to 2011, with more than 6 months of follow-up. Method: the hybrid cases (combined approaches mini-invasive and conventional) were excluded. An initial series of EMI with the subtotals intrathoracic anastomosis by totally laparoscopic and thoracoscopic approach was evaluated. Results: Of the 34 EMI, 26 were with intrathoracic anastomosis. There were no conversions. The average number of nodes resected was 26.1. Total morbidity was 38.2, of which higher subtotals morbidity was the 19.2. There was a (2.9) mortality due to bleeding post endoscopio stent placement. The 85 patients presented survival free of disease with followup of 21 months. There were no local recurrences or implants in trocar site. Conclusions: The EMI with intrathoracic anastomosis is a safe technique with advantages in recovery and post-operative morbidity. It allows type fast track with short hospital stay times. This approach enabled radical lymphadenectomy with low respiratory impact.

Combined laparoscopic and thoracoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma and gastro-esophageal anastomosis in right thoracic cavity: analysis of 38 cases / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To investigate the feasibility of combined laparoscopic and thoracoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma and gastro-esophageal anastomosis in right thoracic cavity.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 38 patients who underwent esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma and gastro-esophageal anastomosis in right thoracic cavity from October 2011 to August 2012.To remove the stomach in laparoscopic and the esophagus in thoracoscopy.The main portion of a gastric conduit is created using three to four firings of a linear stapler(Ethicon Endo-surgery,Cincinati,OH) and jejunum stoma.Gastric conduit was pulled into the chest cavity and anastomosed to the esophagus.Results The average operative time was 280 minutes,the mean operative blood loss was 120 ml.No patient required laparotomy.No pulmonary complications or anastomotic leaks occurred.One had gastric retention,another one had chylous hydrothorax.All patients were cured,no one dead in hospital.Conclusion Combined laparoscopic and thoracoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma and gastro-esophageal anastomosis in right thoracic cavity is technically feasible and safe,minimized trauma,less operative blood loss and quick recovery.