Secondary glaucoma induced by bilateral acute depigmentation of the iris / Glaucoma secundário à despigmentação bilateral aguda da íris

Abstract We report a case of a middle-aged woman who developed acute, bilateral, symmetrical, slightly transilluminating depigmentation of the iris and pigment discharge into the anterior chamber following the use of oral moxifloxacin for bacterial sinusitis. She had been misdiagnosed as having autoimmune uveitis, treated with steroids and tropicamide, and underwent severe ocular hypertension and glaucoma despite posterior correct diagnosis.

Resumo Relato de um caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino de meia idade que desenvolveu despigmentação bilateral simultânea aguda com dispersão de pigmentos na câmara anterior e discreta transiluminação após o uso de moxifloxacino oral para tratamento de sinusite bacteriana. Ela Havia sido diagnosticada com uveite autoimune e tratada com corticosteroide tópico e tropicamida e evoluiu com hipertensão ocular grave e glaucoma apesar de ,posteriormente, o diagnóstico ter sido correto.

Bilateral acute iris transillumination (BAIT) initially misdiagnosed as acute iridocyclitis / Transiluminação de íris aguda bilateral (BAIT) inicialmente diagnosticada como iridociclite aguda

Bilateral acute iris transillumination (BAIT) is a relatively new clinical entity characterized by bilateral acute loss of iris pigment epithelium, iris transillumination, pigment dispersion in the anterior chamber, and sphincter paralysis. We report the case of a 30-year-old male who was initially diagnosed with acute iridocyclitis in a different clinic and treated with topical and systemic corticosteroids. He was referred to our clinic to seek another opinion because his symptoms did not improve. An ocular examination revealed bilateral pigment dispersion into the anterior chamber, diffuse iris transillumination, pigment dusting on the anterior lens capsule, atonic and distorted pupils, and increased intraocular pressure, suggesting a diagnosis of BAIT rather than iridocyclitis. Clinicians should be aware of the differential diagnosis of syndromes associated with pigment dispersion from iridocyclitis to avoid aggressive anti-inflammatory therapy and detailed investigation for uveitis.

A transiluminação de íris aguda bilateral (do inglês, bilateral acute iris transillumination, BAIT) é uma entidade clínica relativamente nova, caracterizada pela perda aguda bilateral do epitélio pigmentado da íris, transiluminação iriana, dispersão de pigmentos na câmara anterior, e paralisia do esfíncter pupilar. Nós relatamos o caso de um homem de 30 anos que foi diagnosticado com iridociclite aguda e tratado com corticosteroides tópicos e sistêmicos. Ele foi encaminhado ao nosso serviço para outra opinião, porque seus sintomas não melhoram com a terapia. Um exame oftalmológico revelou dispersão bilateral de pigmentos para a câmara anterior, transiluminação difusa de íris, pigmento difusa na cápsula anterior do cristalino, pupilas atônicas e distorcidas, e um aumento da pressão intraocular, o que sugere um diagnóstico de BAIT em vez de iridociclite. Os médicos devem estar cientes do diagnóstico diferencial das síndromes associadas à dispersão de pigmento com a iridociclite para evitar a terapia antiinflamatória agressiva e investigação detalhada para uveíte.

Clinical features and missed and inaccurate diagnosis of Fuchs syndrome / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations and possible reasons of the missed and inaccurate diagnosis of Fuchs syndrome. Methods The clinical data of 85 patients with Fuchs syndrome who were diagnosed and treated from June 1999 to December 2003 were retrospectively analyzed. The disease history of each patient was carefully recorded. Slit-lamp microscopy was performed on the patients. The character and distribution of keratic precipitates (KP), color of the iris, depigmentation, and complications were noted in detail. The data recorded in other hospitals were analyzed and the reasons of missed and inaccurate diagnosis were statistically analyzed. Results The age of the patients ranged from 13 to 72 years, and binocular involvement was noted in 76 patients. None of the patients showed ciliary congestion and iris synechiae. Middle-sized or stellated KP was found. Triangle-distributed KP was seen in 13 patients, and diffuse distribution behind the corneal or in the pupil area was in 72. Anterior-chamber flare was observed in all of the patients, while anterior-chamber cells were only noted in 42 patients. The iris with different degrees of depigmentation was found in all the patients. Complicated cataract and increased intraocular pressure occured in 44 and 19 patients, respectively. The diagnosis in other hospitals mainly included uveitis, anterior uveitis and complicated cataract. Conclusions Fuchs syndrome is characterized by depigmented iris and typical KP. Missed and inaccurate diagnosis is mainly due to the unawareness of its clinical features.