Desempenho de gotejadores utilizando água de baixa qualidade química e biológica / Drip lines performance using water of low chemical and biological quality

Esse trabalho objetivou identificar os principais fatores de entupimento em três modelos de tubogotejadores (M1, M2 e M3), caracterizar a qualidade da água utilizada na irrigação, bem como verificar os gêneros de bactérias causadoras de entupimento. Avaliou-se a uniformidade de aplicação de água, por meio da vazão e do Coeficiente de Uniformidade Estatístico (Us). Conclui-se que todos os parâmetros de qualidade da água analisados encontravam-se dentro dos padrões desejados, com exceção do ferro. Foram identificadas ferrobactérias dos gêneros Gallionella e Leptpthrix nos tubogotejadores. Após 700 h de funcionamento do sistema, a vazão dos tubogotejadores M1 e M2 reduziu 26,13 e 27,4%, respectivamente, e o modelo M3 apresentou um incremento de 1%. Os valores de Us apresentaram reduções de 28,35; 16,25 e 12,5% para os modelos M1, M2 e M3, respectivamente.

This work objectified to identify to the main causes of clogging in three models of drip lines (M1, M2 and M3), to characterize the quality of the water used in the irrigation, as well as verifying the gender of ironbacterias causing of clogging. The uniformity of application of water was evaluated, through the discharge and the Coefficient of Statistic Uniformity (Us). In accordance with the gotten results concluded that all of the parameters of quality of the water analyzed met inside of the wanted patterns, except for the iron. The gender Gallionella and Leptpthrix had been identified in drip lines. After 700 h of operation, the discharge of the drip lines M1 and M2 reduced 26,13 and 27,4%, respectively, and increased 1% for M3. The reductions in the values of Us for model M1, M2 and M3: 28,35; 16,25 and 12,5%.

ANALYSIS OF BIOFILM FORMED IN PIPELINE OF MINERAL WATER'S WELL / 微生物学通报

The brown slime inside pipeline of the polluted mineral waters well was analyzed. It was confirmed that the brown slime was a biofilm formed mainly by growth of bacteria contaminant, using microscope analysis. After treated with HCl, the brown crystals and mycelioid matter presented in slimes disappeared. It was verified these were metal deposits. The samples produced Prussia blue deposits by dropping K 4Fe(CN) 6 and HCl, which proved that the metal deposits were iron compound. Also it was believed the biofilm was produced by growth of iron bacteria, mixed with deposits of iron compound. The iron bacteria have been isolated from the slimes and cultured in the laboratory. The colony on agar plate also produced Prussia blue deposits after treated with K 4Fe(CN) 6 and HCl. The cells form of pure culture was the same as that in the samples by electronmicroscope analysis. Therefore, It indicated that the bacteria on biofilm inside pipeline were iron bacteria mainly.