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Resumen Introducción: El sistema Kell está formado por dos antígenos principales: el Kell (K) y el Cellano (k), estos son capaces de causar reacciones graves, tales como reacción hemolítica postransfusional y la enfermedad hemolítica del recién nacido. Los antígenos de este sistema son altamente inmunogénicos lo que les confiere el tercer lugar en importancia clínica. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia del antígeno Kell y procedencia de las mujeres donantes de sangre con antígeno Kell positivo en el Hemocentro del Centro Oriente Colombiano (HCOC). Metodología: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal que incluyó 186 donantes voluntarias de sangre del Hemocentro Centro Oriente Colombiano, se realizó la fenotipificación del antígeno Kell, utilizando la técnica Aglutinación en lámina, la cual se basa en enfrentar glóbulos rojos del donante con anticuerpo monoclonal anti K. Se calculó la frecuencia fenotípica del antígeno Kell, en porcentajes y para el procesamiento de la información se utilizó el paquete estadístico SPSS versión 21.0 en español donde se realizó todo el análisis de los datos de la población. Resultados: Se procesaron 177 muestras obtenidas en 9 campañas de donación de sangre realizadas en diferentes municipios del departamento de Boyacá, obteniéndose una frecuencia fenotípica del 7,5% para el antígeno Kell, en la población de mujeres donantes de sangre del HCOC, siendo esta similar con la frecuencia encontrada en Colombia y Latinoamérica. Conclusión: Se determinó que la frecuencia del antígeno Kell en las mujeres donantes de sangre del HCOC fue del 7,5%, y se logró identificar que no existe una relación estadísticamente entre la procedencia y la presencia del antígeno Kell en las donantes, lo anterior está relacionado con el mestizaje y los procesos de migración.
Abstract Introduction: The Kell system consists of two major antigens: Kell (K) and Cellano (K), which are capable of causing serious reactions, such as posttransfusion hemolytic reaction and hemolytic disease of the newborn. The antigens of this system are highly immunogenic which gives them the third place in clinical importance. Objective: To determine the frequency of Kell antigen and origin of blood donors in the Hemocenter of the Centro Oriente Colombiano (H.C.O.C). Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study involving 186 blood donors from the Centro Oriente Colombian Hemocenter, phenotyping of the Kell antigen was carried out, using the technique Aglutination in lamina, which is based on facing donor red blood cells with anti-K monoclonal antibody. Calculated the phenotypic frequency of the Kell antigen in percentages and for the processing of the information was used the statistical package SPSS version 21.0 in Spanish where all the analysis of the data of the population was carried out. Results: 177 samples obtained in 9 blood donation campaigns were carried out in different municipalities of the department of Boyacá, obtaining a phenotypic frequency of 7.5% for the Kell antigen in the population of female HCOC blood donors. Similar to the frequency found in Colombia and Latin America. Conclusion: It was determined that the frequency of Kell antigen in the female HCOC donors was 7.5%, and it was possible to identify that there is no statistically relation between the origin and the presence of Kell antigen in the donors, Is related to mestizaje and migration processes.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Sangre , Donantes de Sangre , Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo de Kell , Anticuerpos Monoclonales , Antígenos , Donantes de Tejidos , Aglutinación , Eritroblastosis FetalRESUMEN
Anti-K alloantibody is a type of red blood cell (RBC) antibody which is generated through immunization. It is well noted that the anti-K antibody causes hemolytic transfusion reactions. Although Koreans generally do not have the K antigen on RBCs, we report a rare case of transfusion-related anti-K antibody in Korean patient. Just twelve pints of packed RBCs had been transfused to the patient before the anti-K was identified for the first time, but the donor information about Kell phenotype (K or k) was not available. The anti-K had been continuously detected, and the patient neither received immunoglobulins nor experienced bacterial infections which could generate anti-K antibody. Therefore we believe that her anti-K is the truly positive, previously transfused packed RBCs-related alloantibody. The packed RBCs transfused to our patient were likely to be donated from other races. The pre-transfusion irregular antibody detection test should be performed carefully to detect very rare RBC alloantibodies.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Infecciones Bacterianas , Grupos Raciales , Eritrocitos , Inmunización , Inmunoglobulinas , Isoanticuerpos , Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo de Kell , Fenotipo , Donantes de Tejidos , Reacción a la TransfusiónRESUMEN
Objective To investigate gene polymorphism of Kell blood group in different Zhuang population from Guangxi region .Methods The genotypes of Kell blood group of 1025 non‐related individuals in different areas of Guangxi Zhuang popula‐tion were analyzed by PCR‐SSP .Results The Kell antigen in all individuals was homozygous ,the gene frequency of K and Jsa was 0 ,while that of k and Jsb was 1 .000 .Conclusion The distribution characteristic of Kell blood group in Guangxi Zhuang population was monomorphism ,which was similar to other Chinese population reported by literatures .
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BACKGROUND: The Kell blood group system expresses high and low frequency antigens with the most important in relation to transfusion including the antithetic KEL1 and KEL2; KEL3 and KEL4; KEL6 and KEL7 antigens. Kell is a clinically relevant system, as it is highly immunogenic and anti-KEL antibodies are associated with hemolytic transfusion reactions and hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Although required in some situations, Kell antigen phenotyping is restricted due to technical limitations. In these cases, molecular approaches maybe a solution. This study proposes three polymerase chain reaction genotyping protocols to analyze the single nucleotide polymorphisms responsible for six Kell antithetic antigens expressed in a Brazilian population. METHODS: DNA was extracted from 800 blood donor samples and three polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism protocols were used to genotype the KEL*1/KEL*2, KEL*3/KEL*4 and KEL*6/KEL*7 alleles. KEL*3/KEL*4 and KEL*6/KEL*7 genotyping was standardized using the NlaIII and MnlI restriction enzymes and validated using sequencing. KEL*1/KEL*2 genotyping was performed using a previously reported assay. RESULTS: KEL genotyping was successfully implemented in the service; the following distribution of KEL alleles was obtained for a population from southeastern Brazil: KEL*1 (2.2%), KEL*2 (97.8%), KEL*3 (0.69%), KEL*4 (99.31%), KEL*6 (2.69%) and KEL*7 (97.31%). Additionally, two individuals with rare genotypes, KEL*1/KEL*1 and KEL*3/KEL*3, were identified. CONCLUSION: KEL allele genotyping using these methods proved to be reliable and applicable to predict Kell antigen expressions in a Brazilian cohort. This easy and efficient strategy can be employed to provide safer transfusions and to help in rare donor screening.