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Background and Rational@#WHO reported that 735,000 people suffering from chronic disease due to pesticide use. However, no study has been conducted to assess this health burden in the Lao PDR. Therefore, no appropriate strategy was implemented even though pesticide is widely used in Lao PDR. @*Objective@#To study the health impact amongst farmers utilizing pesticides for agriculture in Vientiane Capital.@*Methodology@#The cross-sectional study was conducted in farmers using pesticides. The total number included in the study was 247 people in Hadsayfong and Xaythany Districts. The data were collected from April to June 2017. The data were analysed using Stata version xx. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between the health impact and pesticide use.@*Result@#We found that farmers are less educated and used pesticides incorrectly. The proportion of people having small and moderate symptoms were 56.3% and 43.7%, respectively. The factors associated with having symptoms were larger household size (Adjusted Odd Ratio =1.9; 95%CI= 1.0-3.6; P-value = 0.02), using pesticide longer than 3 hours each occasion (AOR=4.8; 95%CI= 2.6-8.9; P-value < 0.001), and using pesticide more than 8 times per month (AOR=0.5; 95%CI= 0.2-1; P-value = 0.01). Significant factors associated with not having symptoms included using materials to stir pesticide (AOR=0.5; 95%CI= 0.2-1; P-value=0.002) and wearing masks during pesticide spraying (AOR=0.4; 95%CI= 0.2-0.7; P-value=0.004).@*Conclusion and recommendation@#The study found that the knowledge of farmers towards pesticide’s side effects was mostly low with incorrect use. Without any appropriate education, farmers risk of suffering from chronic diseases such as cancer and dermatological diseases.
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Objective@#To compare the knowledge and behavior toward hearing protection among workers in different workplaces and investigate its influence factors.@*Methods@#2 manufacturing companies with obvious noise hazard in workplace were selected into the study. Health management level was distinguished through field investigation and verification. Questionnaire focus on basic knowledge of hearing health, acceptance level of noise hazard, comfort of wearing hearing protectors and atmosphere in workplace was designed and was used to investigate the knowledge and behavior toward hearing protection.@*Results@#Hearing protectors that meet the level of protection are distributed throughout the workplaces. Although company A has a lower noise hazards level, the health management system was poorly executed. The proportion of workers persisting in wearing hearing protectors throughout the work shift in company A was lower than B (P<0.01) . Workers in company A intended to underestimate the noise level (P<0.01) and the health effect of hearing loss (P<0.01) . All the workers were worry about suffering from hearing loss (P>0.05) , but those in company B had more positive attitude toward the protection of hearing protector (P<0.01) and relied on the protector (P<0.01) . The awareness of protection, in turn, help workers adapt attitude and get used to wearing hearing protectors consciously in workplace (P<0.01) .@*Conclusion@#Health management performance play a key role in help workers form good knowledge and behavior. To protect workplace health, employers need to creative a healthy supportive environment for workers.
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Objective To study the influence of mobile management software education to the young and middle-aged type 2 diabetes patients′ knowledge and behavior. Methods 130 cases of diabetes patients was selected in 2015.10 to 2016.04 which came from the endocrine ward of the center hospital of Dalian ,68 males and 62 females.63 cases were divided into experimental group and 67 cases in control group, according to the random number table method. The control group was given the regular out-of- hospital management mode, and the experimental group was managed by the diabetes mobile management software. Six months after the intervention, the effects of two groups on blood glucose, metabolic index, diabetes knowledge, self-management efficacy and self-management behavior were observed. Results There was no significant difference in fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2 h bloodglucose and glycosylated hemoglobin between the two groups before the intervention (P > 0.05).After intervention for three months, the date in control group respectively (8.81 ± 2.02) mmol/L, (12.44 ± 2.53) mmol/L, (8.41±1.40)%. experimental group respectively (7.91±2.29) mmol/L, (10.65±2.87) mmol/L, (7.83± 1.25)%. The difference was statistically significant (t=2.320, 3.691, 2.416, P < 0.05 or 0.01). After intervention for six months, these numbers in control group were (7.96±1.79)mmol/L,(10.61±2.12) mmol/L,(7.85±1.24)%. The experimental group were (7.00±2.00) mmol/L, (8.93±2.16) mmol/L, (7.20±1.25)%. The difference was statistically significant(t=2.805, 4.368, 2.914, P < 0.01).Compared the related knowledge scores (Good, general, poor) before intervention ,the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).After 3 months of intervention, the cases in control group was 5, 57 ,1 respectively, the experimental group were 15,46,0 respectively. After 6 months intervention, the control group was 40, 32, 0. The experimental group were 48, 14, 0. After 3 months and 6 months intervention. There was significant difference between the two groups, (Z=2.637, 2.055, P<0.01 or 0.05). scores of diabetes mellitus (high level, medium level, low level)in the two groups was no significant difference (P > 0.05), before the intervention. After 3 months intervention ,cases in control group were 49,131respectively, the experimental group were 54,5,0 , after 6 months intervention ,control group were 59,4,0 ,respectively , the experimental group were 61,0,0. After 3 months and 6 months intervention, there was significant difference between the two groups (Z=2.103, 1.992,P<0.05). Diabetes self- management effectiveness score(good, moderate, poor) was compared in two groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups before and after 3 months intervention (P>0.05). After 6 months of intervention, cases in the control group was 9,54,0,respectively, the experimental group were 43, 18, 0, the difference was statistically significant (Z = 6.315, P < 0.01). Conclusions The education model of diabetes mobile management software can help to improve the standard rate of glucose and other metabolic indexes, at the same time also improve the level of knowledge and behavior of middle-aged and young patients with type 2 diabetes, but it′s long-term effect needs further study.
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Objective To study the influence of mobile management software education to the young and middle-aged type 2 diabetes patients′ knowledge and behavior. Methods 130 cases of diabetes patients was selected in 2015.10 to 2016.04 which came from the endocrine ward of the center hospital of Dalian ,68 males and 62 females.63 cases were divided into experimental group and 67 cases in control group, according to the random number table method. The control group was given the regular out-of- hospital management mode, and the experimental group was managed by the diabetes mobile management software. Six months after the intervention, the effects of two groups on blood glucose, metabolic index, diabetes knowledge, self-management efficacy and self-management behavior were observed. Results There was no significant difference in fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2 h bloodglucose and glycosylated hemoglobin between the two groups before the intervention (P > 0.05).After intervention for three months, the date in control group respectively (8.81 ± 2.02) mmol/L, (12.44 ± 2.53) mmol/L, (8.41±1.40)%. experimental group respectively (7.91±2.29) mmol/L, (10.65±2.87) mmol/L, (7.83± 1.25)%. The difference was statistically significant (t=2.320, 3.691, 2.416, P < 0.05 or 0.01). After intervention for six months, these numbers in control group were (7.96±1.79)mmol/L,(10.61±2.12) mmol/L,(7.85±1.24)%. The experimental group were (7.00±2.00) mmol/L, (8.93±2.16) mmol/L, (7.20±1.25)%. The difference was statistically significant(t=2.805, 4.368, 2.914, P < 0.01).Compared the related knowledge scores (Good, general, poor) before intervention ,the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).After 3 months of intervention, the cases in control group was 5, 57 ,1 respectively, the experimental group were 15,46,0 respectively. After 6 months intervention, the control group was 40, 32, 0. The experimental group were 48, 14, 0. After 3 months and 6 months intervention. There was significant difference between the two groups, (Z=2.637, 2.055, P<0.01 or 0.05). scores of diabetes mellitus (high level, medium level, low level)in the two groups was no significant difference (P > 0.05), before the intervention. After 3 months intervention ,cases in control group were 49,131respectively, the experimental group were 54,5,0 , after 6 months intervention ,control group were 59,4,0 ,respectively , the experimental group were 61,0,0. After 3 months and 6 months intervention, there was significant difference between the two groups (Z=2.103, 1.992,P<0.05). Diabetes self- management effectiveness score(good, moderate, poor) was compared in two groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups before and after 3 months intervention (P>0.05). After 6 months of intervention, cases in the control group was 9,54,0,respectively, the experimental group were 43, 18, 0, the difference was statistically significant (Z = 6.315, P < 0.01). Conclusions The education model of diabetes mobile management software can help to improve the standard rate of glucose and other metabolic indexes, at the same time also improve the level of knowledge and behavior of middle-aged and young patients with type 2 diabetes, but it′s long-term effect needs further study.
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Objective To understand diabetes prevalence and its factors is to provide the suggestion for diabetes prevention and control in Yongchuan district .Methods Residents aged above 18 years old from 3 towns and 1 street were sampled by stratified clustered random sampling method .Residents were investigated with the questionnaire and physical examination and taken blood sample to test fasting glucose ,2‐h glucose .The data were analyzed to calculate diabetes prevalence by SPSS17 .0 .The factors of dia‐betes was compared by chi‐square and the independent influencing factors of diabetes were identified by step backward logistic re‐gression .Results A total of 1 202 were investigated .The rate of cognition about diabetes was below 30% .21 .46% of residents smoke every day .31 .78% of them do exercise .The prevalence of overweight ,obesity and diabetes was 24 .63% ,6 .07% and 10 .48% .The result of multi‐variant logistic regression indicated that the independent influencing factors of diabetes prevalence in‐cluded age(OR=1 .41 ,95% CI=1 .24-1 .62) ,the rate of cognition about the dose of salt intake per person per day recommended by Chinese guideline of diet(OR= 2 .12 ,95% CI= 1 .13 -3 .96) ,smoking at present(OR= 1 .44 ,95% CI= 1 .10 -1 .89) ,body weight(OR=1 .06 ,95% CI= 1 .00 -1 .12) ,blood pressure(OR=0 .76 ,95% CI=0 .59 -0 .98) .Conclusion Diabetes prevalence was high in Yongchuan district .The risk factors such as unhealthy diet ,smoking ,physical inactivity were common .Government should take the major role for diabetes prevention and control .
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Objective To understand the status of intestinal parasitic infections and the related knowledge and behavior in residents of Jiaodong area of Shandong Province,so as to provide the evidence for making an appropriate preventive and control strategy. Methods A total of 18 villages from 6 counties in Jiaodong area were selected as investigation sites according to the stratified sampling method. The feces samples of the permanent residents aged above 3 years were collected and examined by Kato-Katz technique to find the intestinal parasite eggs,and the children under 12 years old were examined by the method of cellophane anal swab to detect the Enterobius vermicularis eggs. In addition,50 households in each survey sites were randomly selected to in-vestigate the basic family situation and the condition of awareness on prevention knowledge and formation of correct behavior of res-idents by using a structured questionnaire. Results Totally 6 163 residents involved in the feces examinations,and the total in-fection rate of intestinal parasites was 6.91%. The infection rates of Trichuris trichiura,Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm were 6.56%,0.62%and 0.21%,respectively. The infection rate of E. vermicularis in children under 12 years old was 0.51%. The eggs of Clonorchis sinensis and Taenia solium were not found in this survey. The awareness rate of knowledge about preventing parasitic diseases was 49.54%. The formation rates of washing hands before eating,washing hands after using the toilet,never eating raw fruit and vegetable without washing clean,never working in the field with bare feet,and never drinking unboiled water were 97.78%,91.95%,88.81%,92.42%and 86.48%respectively. Conclusions The infection rate of intestinal parasites is low in Ji-aodong area,but there is a significant difference among different counties. The awareness rate of knowledge about preventing para-sitic diseases is low,but the formation rate of healthy behavior is high. In the future,the health education and the strategy of tak- ing medicine among the key population should be enhanced,and the project of reconstructing safe water supply and lavatory should be advanced.
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Objectives: This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of the educational program on child care knowledge and behaviors of mothers of children aged under five years. Materials and Methods: The quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest design was used to examine the effects of educational program on child care knowledge and behaviors of mothers of children under five years old with pneumonia. Fifty mothers of children under five years hospitalized with pneumonia were purposively assigned following standard procedure into either experimental or control group. Mothers of the study group received educational program together with children’s routine care, where as control group mothers just attended their children receiving treatment. Subsequently mothers’ knowledge, evaluated through structured Knowledge Questionnaire and behavioral information, through Behavioral Checklist Form were evaluated. Data were expressed as number (percent) and mean (SD) as appropriate. Demographic characteristics were analyzed by using frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Independent t-test and paired t-test were used to calculate statistical difference between groups as applicable. Results: Findings revealed that, subjects of both groups are homogenous in terms of demographic characteristics, but significant difference was observed regarding their mean (SD) knowledge (25.045.81 vs 34.643.86, p<0 .001) and behavior score (6.642.23 vs 17.681.89; p<0.001) between control and study group respectively. Conclusions: It was concluded that educational program supported that nurses need to involve themselves through helpful method of the educational program to teach the mothers’ knowledge about pneumonia and their behavior during caring their sick children. Such program could effectively increase both knowledge and behavior of mothers of children under five with pneumonia.