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RESUMEN Desde la perspectiva de las ecologías socioculturales, como campo emergente interdisciplinario, se puede enriquecer de manera alternativa y complementaria la educación ambiental, puesto que permite un acercamiento comprensivo a las dinámicas de ocupación humana y las transformaciones en un territorio concreto desde una mirada histórica, política y sociocultural. Esta investigación, se llevó a cabo en el contexto territorial de la cuenca del río Quindío, en el centro-occidente de Colombia, con la participación de 144 estudiantes y 40 docentes, de cuatro Instituciones Educativas públicas. La metodología fue de enfoque cualitativo, donde se empleó como instrumento de recolección y análisis de información, una encuesta tipo cuestionario con preguntas abiertas, para indagar aspectos socioambientales, históricos y paisajísticos del contexto territorial de dicha cuenca. Los resultados develaron que estudiantes y docentes, en general, desconocen los procesos históricos de ocupación humana de la región; con relación a los principales cambios percibidos en el paisaje, los estudiantes señalaron el incremento de las urbanizaciones, la disminución de las zonas verdes y la contaminación, mientras que los docentes manifestaron cambios en los usos del suelo, el crecimiento urbanístico y el desarrollo basado en el turismo. Sin duda, estos hallazgos son importantes, como lectura del territorio, para ser tenidos en cuenta en la praxis de la educación ambiental de las instituciones educativas.
ABSTRACT From the perspective of socio-cultural ecologies as an emerging interdisciplinary field, environmental education can be enriched in an alternative and complementary way since they allow a comprehensive approach to the dynamics of human occupation and transformations in a specific territory from a historical perspective, political and socio-cultural. This research was carried out in the territorial context of the Quindío River basin in central-western Colombia, with the participation of 144 students and 40 teachers from four public educational institutions. The methodology was a qualitative approach, where a questionnaire-type survey with open questions was used as an instrument for collecting and analyzing information to investigate socio-environmental, historical, and landscape aspects of the territorial context of said basin. The results revealed that students and teachers, in general, are unaware of the historical processes of human occupation of the region; Concerning the main changes perceived in the landscape, the students pointed out the increase in urbanizations, the decrease in green areas, and pollution; while teachers expressed changes in land use, urban growth, and development based on tourism. Undoubtedly, these findings are important as a reading of the territory to be considered in the praxis of environmental education in educational institutions.
RESUMEN
Resumen Para conocer las formas de apropiación territorial cotidiana de estudiantes con discapacidad física y visual en la ciudad de Bucaramanga, Colombia, se realizó un estudio desde un enfoque cualitativo, en donde se combinan técnicas etnográficas, entrevistas y análisis cartográfico con la participación de seis estudiantes de una universidad pública. Se concluyó que existen grandes limitaciones de movilidad, incrementadas por la falta de conciencia ciudadana y la discontinuidad espacial de las acciones implementadas, destacando la capacidad de afrontamiento y resiliencia de los jóvenes en situación de discapacidad y su interpretación sobre las barreras culturales que les impide el derecho a la educación y la participación social. Finalmente se llama la atención sobre la efectividad y sostenibilidad de ordenamiento urbano para la inclusión, el cual se logra cuando se trasciende la gestión pública instrumental para convertirse en ejercicio de reflexión y acción basado en la comprensión del ser humano, más allá del control y explicación del comportamiento.
Abstract In order to know the forms of daily territorial appropriation of students with physical and visual disabilities in the city of Bucaramanga, Colombia, a study is carried out from a qualitative approach, where ethnographic techniques, interviews and cartographic analysis are combined with the participation of six students of a public university It is concluded that there are great mobility limitations, increased by the lack of citizen awareness and the spatial discontinuity of the actions implemented, highlighting the capacity of coping and resilience of young people with disabilities and their interpretation of the cultural barriers that prevent them from right to education and social participation. Finally, attention is drawn to the effectiveness and sustainability of urban planning for inclusion, which is achieved when instrumental public management is transcended to become an exercise in reflection and action based on the understanding of the human being, beyond control and explanation of behavior
Resumo Para conhecer as formas de apropriação territorial diária de estudantes com deficiência física e visual na cidade de Bucaramanga, Colombia, foi realizado um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, onde técnicas etnográficas, entrevistas e análises cartográficas são combinadas com a participação de seis estudantes de Uma universidade pública. Concluiu-se que existem grandes limitações de mobilidade, aumentadas pela falta de conscientização do cidadão e pela descontinuidade espacial das ações implementadas, destacando a capacidade de enfrentamento e resiliência dos jovens com deficiência e sua interpretação das barreiras culturais que os impedem de direito à educação e participação social. Finalmente, chama-se atenção para a eficácia e sustentabilidade do planejamento urbano para a inclusão, o que é alcançado quando a gestão pública instrumental é transcendida para se tornar um exercício de reflexão e ação com base na compreensão do ser humano, além de controle e explicação de comportamento.
RESUMEN
Land is extremely valuable in the activities of any society. As the main component of the environment, land performs an important ecological function. The land surface serves as the location for various objects, and its soil layer is used as a means of production in agriculture and forestry. Essentially, land is the main and natural factor in any sphere of business, directly or indirectly involved in the production of all other goods and amenities. The social role of land is that it serves as a habitat and a condition for human life. Finally, the land as a territory of a state or its administrative-territorial units determines a political function. Land legislation and adopted regulatory acts of the Russian Federation and subjects of the Russian Federation govern land relations, rights and obligations of subjects of land relations, the basic rules for the functional use of land resources in various sectors, establish differences in the legal regime of land and determine the procedure for solving a whole number of other issues. The topic of this work is relevant due to the fact that the registration of land relations is one of the most acute, problematic and still not completely resolved issues to date.
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A land plot is part of the earth's surface, the boundaries of which are defined in accordance with federal laws. Currently, there are two methods of providing land plots for a recreation zone: without the prior agreement of the object location and with the preliminary agreement of the object location. The paper analyzes the regulatory and legal acts of the Russian Federation governing land relations. The purpose of the work is to study the process of providing land plots. The object of the study is a land plot provided for the placement of recreational facilities. The subject of the study is the system of normative legal documents regulating land relations. In this paper, the author considers the procedure for the provision of land plots for a recreational zone with a preliminary agreement on the location of the object by the example of a land plot requested for the development of a forest park. Compliance with legal requirements and substantive rules of law is largely determined by the regulation of the process of their application, that is, the fulfillment of procedural provisions. In general, the procedure for allocation of land plots and the rights to them in the land legislation is provided in sufficient detail. Since a public authority is one of the parties in the relationship on the provision of land plots, and a land plot, that is, a specifically valuable form of real estate, is the object thereof, both provisional procedures (with the object location agreement and without it) consist of a number of stages regulated in detail by the land legislation.
RESUMEN
Resumen Los Planes de Ordenamiento Territorial Modernos son la oportunidad para insertar la sostenibilidad ambiental a través de los contenidos mínimos exigidos por la Ley 388. Los primeros POT lograron algunos avances al respecto con iniciativas particulares de diferentes orígenes. Posteriormente instrumentos políticos, técnicos y jurídicos han promovido otros adelantos en sostenibilidad ambiental que en la mayoría de los casos no se han conseguido implementar. Al final, los avances son escasos, y mejorar la sostenibilidad ambiental se hace cada vez más urgente al reconocer el estado de deterioro del ambiente y con ello de la calidad de vida.
Abstract Modern land use planning is the opportunity to insert environmental sustainability through the minimum content required by the Law 388. The first LUP achieved some progress in this respect with particular initiatives from different origin. Subsequently, political, technical, and legal instruments have promoted other advances in environmental sustainability, which in most cases, have not been implemented. In the end, advance is scarce, and improving environmental sustainability becomes increasingly urgent in recognizing the state of deterioration of the environment and with it, the quality of life.