Calidad durante el almacenamiento de huevos de gallinas alimentadas con dietas con aceite de palma / Egg quality during storage of eggs from hens fed diets with crude palm oil

RESUMEN Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto del aceite crudo de palma (ACP) sobre la calidad del huevo almacenado por varios días a diferentes temperaturas. Materiales y métodos. Un total de 240 gallinas de 28 semanas se alimentaron con dietas con 30g/kg de aceite de soya (AS) o ACP. Después de 12 semanas, muestras de huevos se almacenaron durante 0, 4, 8 y 12 días a 4, 12 y 24°C. Las características de calidad del huevo fueron evaluadas. Resultados. El huevo y la albúmina de gallinas en la dieta con ACP fueron más pesados que aquellos en la dieta con AS (p<0.05). La alta temperatura de almacenamiento redujo el peso del huevo, albúmina y yema, unidades Haugh (UH), altura de la albúmina y la yema, pH y color (p<0.05), pero aumentó el ancho de la albúmina y la yema, y la longitud de la albúmina (p<0.05). A medida que aumentaba el tiempo de almacenamiento, el peso del huevo, el peso y la altura de la albúmina, y la altura de la yema, el pH y el color se redujeron (p<0.05). Sin embargo, el peso y el ancho de la yema, el ancho y la longitud de la albúmina aumentaron (p<0.05). La interacción aceite x tiempo de almacenamiento (p<0.05) indico que la altura de la albumina, UH y el color de la yema de los huevos de la dieta con ACP fueron mejores a los 12 días de almacenamiento que en la dieta con AS. Conclusiones. Las gallinas en la dieta con ACP tuvieron huevos y albuminas más pesadas que las de las de la adieta con AS. La calidad del huevo disminuyó conforme el tiempo y temperatura de almacenamiento se incrementó, pero, los huevos de las gallinas suplementadas con ACP tuvieron mejor calidad en algunas características a los 12 días de almacenamiento.

ABSTRACT Objective. Evaluate the effect of crude palm oil (CPO) on quality traits of eggs stored various days at different temperatures. Material and Methods. A total of 240 hens, 28 weeks of age were fed diets with 30 g/kg of soybean oil (SO) or CPO. After 12 weeks, sample of eggs were stored during 0, 4, 8 and 12 days at 4, 12 and 24 °C. Egg quality traits were evaluated. Results. Egg and albumen from hens in CPO diet were heavier than those in SO (p<0.05). High storage temperature reduced egg, albumen and yolk weights, Haugh units (HU), albumen and yolk heights, pH and color (p<0.05), but increased albumen and yolk widths and albumen length (p<0.05). As storage time increased, egg weight, albumen weight and height, and yolk height, pH and colour were reduced (p<0.05). However, yolk weight and width, albumen width and length increased (p<0.05). Oil x storage time interaction (p<0.05) indicated that albumen height, HU and yellowness of yolk from hens in CPO diets were better at 12 days of storage than for hens fed SO. Conclusions. Hens in CPO diet had heavier eggs and albumen than those in SO diet. Egg quality traits decreased as temperature and days of storage increased, but, eggs from hens supplemented CPO had better quality in some traits at 12 days of storage.

Efectos de la alta temperatura sobre la producción en gallinas ponedoras suplementadas con vitaminas C y E / Effects of high temperature on production in layer chickens supplemented with vitamins C and E

Objetive. To determine the effects of high temperature, the high humidity and the index on production performance in layer chickens supplemented with vitamins C and E. Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out from July 14th to August 15th. A total of 720 L33 layer chickens, 39 weeks old, were divided at random into four groups (180 birds/group), by replicates (n=4): Control Group) was fed with a basal diet and treatment groups were fed with the basal diet supplemented with either 150 mg of l-ascorbic acid/g of diet (Group Vit. C) or 150 mg of dl-α-tocopherol acetate /kg, of diet (Group Vit. E), and 150 mg of l-ascorbic acid /kg of diet plus 150 mg of dl-α-tocopherol acetate/kg of diet (Group Vit C + E). Results. Egg/bird were higher (p<0.05) in all treatment groups when compared to control group, but p value was highly significant in vitamin E treated group. Likewise, the laying index was different (p<0.05) in all treatment groups when compared to control, and P value was highly significant in vitamin E treated group. Although, viability was not affected by vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin C+E groups when compared to control (p>0.05). However, feed consumption and conversion were different (p<0.05) in treatment groups when compared to control group. Conclusions. Dietary supplementation with 150 mg vitamin C and/or 150 mg vitamin E increased production performance in heat stressed layer chickens.

Effects of heat stress on some blood parameters and egg production of Shika Brown layer chickens transported by road

The effects of vitamins C and E on layer chickens transported by road for 6 h during the hot dry season were investigated. Two experimental groups consisting of thirty Shika Brown layers were separately administered vitamins C and E orally just before transportation, while another 30 layers, which were only given sterile water, served as control. Blood samples analyzed before and after transportation in the control layers showed a decrease (p<0.05) in total white blood cell, (p<0.01) lymphocyte and monocyte values, and a signifcant (p<0.05) and (p<0.001) increase in the values of eosinophils and heterophils post-transportation, respectively. In the experimental groups, post-transportation values of total white blood cells, eosinophils and monocytes were not different (p>0.05) from those obtained before transportation. Heterophil/lymphocyte values were highest in the control group. The result showed that transportation was stressful for the control layers. Post-transportation egg production was not signifcantly (p>0.05) different in the vitamin E treated group, but values recorded for the vitamin C and control groups were signifcantly (p<0.05) and (p<0.001) reduced compared to pre-transportation. In conclusion, vitamins C and E administration ameliorated the adverse effect of road transportation stress during the hot dry season.