Estudiar y trabajar como factores de riesgo en estudiantes de enfermería, Universidad Nacional Formosa, 2022 / Study and work as risk factors in nursing students, National University of Formosa,2022

Objetivo: Correlacionar la variable principal sostén del hogar con las variables género, edad, horas de trabajo, horas de sueño y factores de riesgo cardiovascular (índice de masa corporal, hipertensión arterial, dislipemia y diabetes mellitus), en estudiantes de 3º, 4 y 5º año de la Licenciatura en Enfermería, Universidad Nacional de Formosa. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, correlacional, transversal realizado en 214 estudiantes, durante el año 2022, utilizándose un cuestionario on-line autoadministrado, estructurado y medición de peso y talla. Resultados: el 76% fueron mujeres; 64%, principal fueron principal sostén del hogar, 57% refirió dormir menos de 6 horas al día, 15 % trabaja más de 41 horas semanales; 67% tuvo respuestas no saludables a la variable estrés, para la variable actividad física este valor ascendió a 71% y el 53,8% presentó exceso de peso. Se encontró asociación significativa entre ser el principal sostén del hogar con exceso de peso, trabajar 41 horas o más semanalmente, dormir menos de 6 horas al día y con la presencia de 3 o más factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Conclusiones: Las condiciones de vida que afrontan los estudiantes que de manera simultánea estudian, trabajan y son principal sostén del hogar pueden generar estrés, el cual es un factor de riesgo para las enfermedades cardiovasculares[AU]

Objetive: to correlate the main variable of primary income earner or primary breadwinner with gender, age, working hours, sleep hours, and cardiovascular disease risk factors (body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus) in 3rd, 4th, and 5th-year nursing students at the Nursing Program at the National University of Formosa. Methodology: The study was a descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional, conducted with 214 students during 2022 using a self-administered structured online questionnaire and measurement of weight and height. Results: 76% were women, 64% were the main breadwinner, 57% reported sleeping less than 6 hours a day, 15% working more than 41 hours per week; 67% had unhealthy responses to the stress variable, this value rose to 71% for the physical activity variable, and 53.8% were overweight. A significant association was found between the main variable of primary breadwinner and being overweight, working 41 or more hours weekly, and the presence of 3 or more cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusions: The living conditions faced by students who simultaneously study and work, and being the main breadwinner in the household can generate stress, which is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases[AU]

Objetivo:: correlacionar a variável principal de sustento econômico do lar com as variáveis gênero, idade, horas de trabalho, horas de sono e fatores de risco cardiovascular (índice de massa corporal,hipertensão arterial, dislipidemia e diabetes mellitus) em estudantes do 3º, 4º e 5º ano do curso de graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Nacional de Formosa. Metodologia: O estudo foi descritivo, correlacional e transversal, realizado em 214 estudantes durante o ano de 2022. Foi utilizado um questionário online autoadministrado e estruturado, e a medição de peso e altura dos estudantes foi realizada. Resultados: 76% dos estudantes eram mulheres; 64% eram o principal sustento econômico do lar; 57% relataram dormir menos de 6 horas por dia, 15% responderam que trabalham mais de 41 horas por semana; em relação aos fatores de risco cardiovascular, 67% tiveram respostas não saudáveis para a variável estresse, para a variável atividade física esse valor aumentou para 71% e 53,8% apresentaram excesso de peso. Foi encontrada uma associação significativa entre a variável principal de sustento econômico do lar com as variáveis excesso de peso, trabalhar 41 horas ou mais por semana, dormir menos de 6 horas al día e a presença de 3 ou mais fatores de risco cardiovascular. Conclusões: As condições de vida enfrentadas pelos estudantes que simultaneamente estudam, trabalham e são o principal sustento do lar podem gerar estresse, que é um fator de risco para doenças cardiovasculares[AU]

Impacto del programa de reforma de vida para el control de factores de riesgo de sindrome metabólico / Impact of the lifestyle reform program on the management of metabolic syndrome risk factors / Impacto do programa de reforma do estilo de vida na gestão dos factores de risco da síndrome metabólica

El síndrome metabólico (SM) se previene controlando sus factores de riesgo, el programa de reforma de vida (PRV) busca el control y regulación de estos. Objetivo: evaluar el impacto del PRV. Materiales y métodos: Investigación aplicativo, longitudinal, prospectivo, diseño longitudinal, inductivo y deductivo, en una población inicial de 104 trabajadores de una universidad del Perú, la población final fue 31 quienes completaron el programa, los factores de riesgo fueron evaluados por un laboratorista clínico, se utilizó fichas de recolección y se procesó con el programa SPSS V.26, prueba de Wilcoxon y T de Student según el criterio de normalidad. Resultados: el PRV disminuye los niveles de triglicéridos, promedio antes 235,6 mg/dl y después 196,1 mg/dl, no se evidencio efectos positivos en el resto de los factores de riesgo. En personas con algún factor de riesgo el PRV impacto positivamente; antes del PRV 2 personas tenían la glucosa >= a 100 mg/dl y después del PRV 1, en cuanto al perímetro abdominal ≥ 90cm M, ≥ 80cm F antes (30), después (19), presión arterial ≥130/85 mmHg antes (06), después (0), triglicéridos ≥ 150 mg/dl antes (30), después (17), C-HDL < 40 M < 50 F antes (29), después (24). Con un p valor de 0,004 el PRV disminuye los niveles de triglicéridos. Conclusión: En la población en general el PRV disminuye el nivel de triglicéridos; en personas con algún factor de riesgo el PRV controla y regula todos los factores SM

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is prevented by controlling its risk factors; the lifestyle reform program (LRP) seeks to control and regulate them. Objective: to evaluate the impact of the LRP. Materials and methods: Applied, longitudinal, prospective, longitudinal, inductive and deductive design, in an initial population of 104 workers of a Peruvian university, the final population was 31 who completed the program, the risk factors were evaluated by a clinical laboratorist, collection cards were used and processed with the SPSS V.26 program, Wilcoxon and Student's t-test according to the normality criterion. Results: the PRV decreases triglyceride levels, average before 235,6 mg/dl and after 196,1 mg/dl; no positive effects were evidenced in the rest of the risk factors. In people with some risk factor the PRV had a positive impact; before the PRV 2 people had glucose >= 100mg/dl and after the PRV 1, regarding abdominal perimeter ≥ 90cm M, ≥ 80cm F before (30), after (19), blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg before (06), after (0), triglycerides ≥ 150mg/dl before (30), after (17), C-HDL < 40 M < 50 F before (29), after (24). With a p value of 0,004 the PRV decreases triglyceride levels. Conclusion: In the general population the PRV decreases the triglyceride level; in people with some risk factor the PRV controls and regulates all the SM factors

A síndrome metabólica (SM) é prevenida através do controlo dos seus factores de risco, o programa de reforma do estilo de vida (PRV) visa o seu controlo e regulação. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto do PRV. Materiais e métodos: Investigação aplicada, longitudinal, prospetiva, longitudinal, desenho indutivo e dedutivo, numa população inicial de 104 trabalhadores de uma universidade do Peru, a população final foi de 31 que completaram o programa, os factores de risco foram avaliados por um laboratorista clínico, foram utilizadas fichas de recolha e processadas com o programa SPSS V.26, teste de Wilcoxon e teste t de Student de acordo com o critério de normalidade. Resultados: O PRV reduz os níveis de triglicéridos, em média antes 235,6 mg/dl e depois 196,1 mg/dl, não se evidenciando efeitos positivos nos restantes factores de risco. Em pessoas com algum fator de risco o PRV teve um impacto positivo; antes do PRV 2 pessoas tinham glicose >= 100 mg/dl e depois do PRV 1, quanto ao perímetro abdominal ≥90cm M, ≥ 80 cm F antes (30), depois (19), pressão arterial ≥ 130/85 mmHg antes (06), depois (0), triglicéridos ≥ 150 mg/dl antes (30), depois (17), C-HDL < 40 M < 50 F antes (29), depois (24). Com um p-value de 0,004 o PRV diminui os níveis de triglicéridos. Conclusão: Na população em geral, o PRV diminui os níveis de triglicéridos; em pessoas com alguns factores de risco, o PRV controla e regula todos os factores da SM

Impacto del programa de reforma de vida para el control de factores de riesgo de sindrome metabólico

El síndrome metabólico (SM) se previene controlando sus factores de riesgo, el programa de reforma de vida (PRV) busca el control y regulación de estos. Objetivo: evaluar el impacto del PRV. Materiales y métodos: Investigación aplicativo, longitudinal, prospectivo, diseño longitudinal, inductivo y deductivo, en una población inicial de 104 trabajadores de una universidad del Perú, la población final fue 31 quienes completaron el programa, los factores de riesgo fueron evaluados por un laboratorista clínico, se utilizó fichas de recolección y se procesó con el programa SPSS V.26, prueba de Wilcoxon y T de Student según el criterio de normalidad. Resultados: el PRV disminuye los niveles de triglicéridos, promedio antes 235,6 mg/dl y después 196,1 mg/dl, no se evidencio efectos positivos en el resto de los factores de riesgo. En personas con algún factor de riesgo el PRV impacto positivamente; antes del PRV 2 personas tenían la glucosa >= a 100 mg/dl y después del PRV 1, en cuanto al perímetro abdominal ≥ 90cm M, ≥ 80cm F antes (30), después (19), presión arterial ≥130/85 mmHg antes (06), después (0), triglicéridos ≥ 150 mg/dl antes (30), después (17), C-HDL < 40 M < 50 F antes (29), después (24). Con un p valor de 0,004 el PRV disminuye los niveles de triglicéridos. Conclusión: En la población en general el PRV disminuye el nivel de triglicéridos; en personas con algún factor de riesgo el PRV controla y regula todos los factores SM.

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is prevented by controlling its risk factors; the lifestyle reform program (LRP) seeks to control and regulate them. Objective: to evaluate the impact of the LRP. Materials and methods: Applied, longitudinal, prospective, longitudinal, inductive and deductive design, in an initial population of 104 workers of a Peruvian university, the final population was 31 who completed the program, the risk factors were evaluated by a clinical laboratorist, collection cards were used and processed with the SPSS V.26 program, Wilcoxon and Student's t-test according to the normality criterion. Results: the PRV decreases triglyceride levels, average before 235,6 mg/dl and after 196,1 mg/dl; no positive effects were evidenced in the rest of the risk factors. In people with some risk factor the PRV had a positive impact; before the PRV 2 people had glucose >= 100mg/dl and after the PRV 1, regarding abdominal perimeter ≥ 90cm M, ≥ 80cm F before (30), after (19), blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg before (06), after (0), triglycerides ≥ 150mg/dl before (30), after (17), C-HDL < 40 M < 50 F before (29), after (24). With a p value of 0,004 the PRV decreases triglyceride levels. Conclusion: In the general population the PRV decreases the triglyceride level; in people with some risk factor the PRV controls and regulates all the SM factors.

A síndrome metabólica (SM) é prevenida através do controlo dos seus factores de risco, o programa de reforma do estilo de vida (PRV) visa o seu controlo e regulação. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto do PRV. Materiais e métodos: Investigação aplicada, longitudinal, prospetiva, longitudinal, desenho indutivo e dedutivo, numa população inicial de 104 trabalhadores de uma universidade do Peru, a população final foi de 31 que completaram o programa, os factores de risco foram avaliados por um laboratorista clínico, foram utilizadas fichas de recolha e processadas com o programa SPSS V.26, teste de Wilcoxon e teste t de Student de acordo com o critério de normalidade. Resultados: O PRV reduz os níveis de triglicéridos, em média antes 235,6 mg/dl e depois 196,1 mg/dl, não se evidenciando efeitos positivos nos restantes factores de risco. Em pessoas com algum fator de risco o PRV teve um impacto positivo; antes do PRV 2 pessoas tinham glicose >= 100 mg/dl e depois do PRV 1, quanto ao perímetro abdominal ≥90cm M, ≥ 80 cm F antes (30), depois (19), pressão arterial ≥ 130/85 mmHg antes (06), depois (0), triglicéridos ≥ 150 mg/dl antes (30), depois (17), C-HDL < 40 M < 50 F antes (29), depois (24). Com um p-value de 0,004 o PRV diminui os níveis de triglicéridos. Conclusão: Na população em geral, o PRV diminui os níveis de triglicéridos; em pessoas com alguns factores de risco, o PRV controla e regula todos os factores da SM.

Determinantes sociales de la salud y prevención de infecciones de transmisión sexual en estudiantes de una institución educativa del Perú / Social determinantsof health and prevention of sexually transmitted infections in students of an educational institution in Perú

Objetivo: Establecer la relación entre los determinantes sociales de la salud y prevención de infecciones de transmisión sexual en estudiantes de una Institución Educativa del Perú. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, con enfoque cuantitativo, nivel correlacional y diseño no experimental, donde se contó con una muestra de 144 estudiantes, evaluados mediante un instrumento como el cuestionario estructurado, validado y con un nivel alto de confiabilidad. Resultados: Evidenciaron que la prevención de ITS mostró una relación significativa con las dimensiones biológico, estilo de vida y el sistema sanitario, donde el p valor alcanzado fue de 0,000, así como una correlación positiva media, donde los coeficientes obtenidos fueron 0,500, 0.485 y 0,434 respectivamente. Conclusiones: Predominó una relación significativa, así como una correlación positiva considerable entre las variables evaluadas, por lo mismo que se contó con un p valor de 0.000 y un coeficiente de 0,642 correspondientemente

Objective: To establish the relationship between the social determinants of health and the prevention of sexually transmitted infections in students of an educational institution in Peru. Material and method:descriptive study, with a quantitative approach, correlational level and non-experimental design, where there was a sample of 144 students, evaluated using an instrument such as the structured questionnaire, validated and with a high level of reliability. Results:Showed that STI prevention showed a significant relationship with the biological, lifestyle and health system dimensions, where the p value achieved was 0.000, as well as a mean positive correlation, where the coefficients obtained were 0.500, 0.485 and 0.434 respectively. Conclusions: A significant relationship predominated, as well as a considerable positive correlation between the variables evaluated, for the same reason that there was a p value of 0.000 and a coefficient of 0.642 respectively

Prácticas bolivianas y minimalismo: análisis cultural de los desafíos y estrategias para adoptar un cambio social / Bolivian practices and minimalism: a cultural analysis of challenges and strategies for social change adoptio / Práticas bolivianas e minimalismo: análise cultural dos desafios e estratégias para adoção de mudanças sociais

En Bolivia, la adopción del minimalismo enfrenta obstáculos culturales y sociales importantes, en tal sentido, el estudio estuvo orientado al análisis de la factibilidad de implementación del minimalismo en la cultura boliviana, abordando los desafíos culturales que impiden su adopción. De esta forma se planteó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, no experimental, de corte transversal, en el que se consideró una muestra de 384 personas entre 30 a 70 años, pertenecientes a las ciudades de mayor crecimiento, como Santa Cruz, El Alto, La Paz, Cochabamba, Sucre, Oruro, Potosí, encontrando que los principales desafíos se relacionan con la falta de conocimiento sobre sus beneficios y la presión social para consumir en exceso, se percibe al minimalismo como poco práctico y aburrido. En necesario implementar estrategias de manera gradual para lograr la adopción del minimalismo en el país.

In Bolivia, the adoption of minimalism faces significant cultural and social obstacles. Therefore, the study aimed to analyze the feasibility of implementing minimalism in Bolivian culture, addressing the cultural challenges that hinder its adoption. A quantitative, descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional study was proposed, considering a sample of 384 individuals aged 30 to 70, from major cities such as Santa Cruz, El Alto, La Paz, Cochabamba, Sucre, Oruro, Potosí. It was found that the main challenges are related to the lack of knowledge about its benefits and social pressure to consume excessively, perceiving minimalism as impractical and boring. It is necessary to implement strategies gradually to achieve the adoption of minimalism in the country.

Na Bolívia, a adoção do minimalismo enfrenta importantes obstáculos culturais e sociais. Nesse sentido, o estudo teve como objetivo analisar a viabilidade da implementação do minimalismo na cultura boliviana, abordando os desafios culturais que impedem sua adoção. Assim, foi proposto um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, não experimental, de corte transversal, que considerou uma amostra de 384 indivíduos com idades entre 30 e 70 anos, provenientes das cidades de maior crescimento, como Santa Cruz, El Alto, La Paz, Cochabamba, Sucre, Oruro, Potosí. Constatou-se que os principais desafios estão relacionados à falta de conhecimento sobre seus benefícios e à pressão social para consumir em excesso, sendo o minimalismo percebido como pouco prático e entediante. É necessário implementar estratégias gradualmente para alcançar a adoção do minimalismo no país.

Physical activity and associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazilian university students: a scoping review / Atividade física e fatores associados durante a pandemia de COVID-19 em universitários brasileiros: revisão de escopo

This study aimed to map the national publications that address the variable physical activity and associated factors among Brazilian university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is a scop-ing review based on original studies developed and published in Brazil between 2020 and 2023. They were conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic scenario and indexed in the databases Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences), and Google Scholar. By identifying the different approaches and factors associated with the subject, the descriptive synthesis explored the subtopics "level of physical activity and sedentary behavior," "mental health," and "sleep". Out of the 1,180 initial papers, 11 papers composed the synthesis, featuring different sampling patterns, ranging from 68 to 5,720 students, and taking place in several Brazilian states. Despite the geographical variety, few studies were conducted in the North and Midwest regions. The prevalence of physical inactivity among students ranged from 40.0% to 49.3%, and social isolation and restrictions contributed to this trend. Mental health was also affected, with the symptoms of anxiety and depression being more common among the inactive. On the other hand, active students reported better mental health. The relationship between physical activity and sleep was unclear, but the pandemic intensified sleep problems in general. In short, future studies are necessary to explore causes, effects, and regional influences. Combining qualitative and quantitative methods may offer a more comprehensive perspective on the students' experiences regarding physical activity during public health crises

Neste estudo objetivou-se mapear as publicações nacionais que abordam a variável atividade física e fato-res associados entre estudantes universitários brasileiros durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo a partir de estudos originais, desenvolvidos no Brasil, publicados entre 2020 e 2023, realizados no cenário clínico da pandemia de COVID-19 e indexados nas bases de dados: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, LILACS (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde) e Google Scholar. Ao constatar-se diferentes abordagens e fatores associados a problemática, a síntese descritiva foi explorada em subtópicos "nível de atividade física e comportamento sedentário" "saúde mental " e "sono". Dos 1.180 artigos iniciais, 11 artigos compuseram a síntese, abrangendo distintos padrões amostrais, variando de 68 a 5.720 estudantes, conduzidos em diferentes estados brasileiros. Apesar dessa variedade regional, observou-se uma escassez de estudos nas regiões Norte e Centro-Oeste. A prevalência de inatividade física entre os estudantes variou de 40,0% a 49,3%. O isolamento social e as restrições contribuíram para essa ten-dência. A saúde mental também foi acometida, com sintomas de ansiedade e depressão mais comuns entre os inativos. Por outro lado, os estudantes ativos relataram melhor saúde mental. A relação entre atividade física e sono não foi clara, mas a pandemia intensificou os problemas de sono em geral. Em suma, futuras pesquisas são relevantes para explorar causas, efeitos e influências regionais. A combinação de métodos qualitativos e quantitativos podem oferecer perspectivas mais abrangentes das experiências dos estudantes em relação à atividade física durante crises de saúde pública.

Práctica de actividad física por medio de videojuegos activos en el abordaje de la obesidad en edades pediátricas

El incremento de la obesidad en el mundo demanda de un plan estratégico dirigido a su prevención en el inmediato, mediano y a largo plazo, dado que los niños que desde edades tempranas presentan condiciones de obesidad, tienden a mantener este estado en periodos siguientes de su vida, lo que conlleva a adquirir otras enfermedades denominadas no transmisibles. Estudios adelantados han identificado estrategias fundamentadas en el desarrollo de propuestas tecnológicas que aportan a la promoción de la actividad física mediante juegos activos para los niños. Estas propuestas constituyen alternativas postmodernas que motivan a un cambio de conductas sedentarias para la consolidación de hábitos de vida saludables. Es necesario la implementación de programas orientados a la prevención de la obesidad en edades pediátricas, mediados por videojuegos activos como alternativas didácticas que promuevan la disminución de los periodos de sedentarismo y el control de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles.

The increase in obesity in the world demands a strategic plan aimed at its prevention in the immediate, medium and long term, given that children who present with obesity from an early age tend to maintain this state in subsequent periods of their lives, which leads to acquiring other so-called non-communicable diseases. Advanced studies have identified strategies based on the development of technological proposals that contribute to the promotion of physical activity through active games for children. These proposals constitute postmodern alternatives that motivate a change in sedentary behaviors to consolidate healthy lifestyle habits. It is necessary to implement programs aimed at preventing obesity in pediatric ages, mediated by active video games as educational alternatives that promote the reduction of periods of sedentary lifestyle and the control of chronic non-communicable diseases.

Efecto del confinamiento por COVID-19 en la prevalencia de la enfermedad hepática esteatósica asociada a disfunción metabólica / Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

Introducción. La enfermedad hepática esteatósica asociada a disfunción metabólica (MASLD) es una condición clínica frecuente, relacionada con el sobrepeso, la dislipidemia y la diabetes. Como estos factores de riesgo están a su vez asociados al sedentarismo y la ganancia de peso, se esperaría un impacto como resultado del confinamiento por COVID-19 en la prevalencia de dicha condición. Metodología. Estudio longitudinal retrospectivo en un panel de datos de 132 pacientes de 2017 a 2022, en donde fueron incluidos pacientes con una ecografía hepática y una valoración médica y paraclínica 1,5 años antes y después del periodo de confinamiento (25 de marzo de 2020 a 28 de febrero de 2021). El desenlace primario fue un cambio significativo en la prevalencia de la MASLD, y se utilizó un modelo exploratorio de regresión logística de efectos fijos con panel de datos para hallar los predictores de cambio. Resultados. En un total de 132 pacientes analizados, la prevalencia global de la MASLD antes (31 %; IC95%: 23-39) y después (35,6 %; IC95%: 27,4-43,8) del confinamiento por COVID-19 no cambió significativamente, sin embargo, en las mujeres sí hubo un aumento significativo (RR: 4; IC95%: 1,0004-16). Se encontró una marcada diferencia de prevalencia entre sexos (17 % en mujeres y 46 % en hombres; p=0,001). El confinamiento se asoció a incrementos en la masa corporal (diferencia: +1 kg; IC95%: 0,1-1,9), el colesterol LDL (diferencia: +9,7 mg/dL; IC95%: 4,9-14,4) y al diagnóstico de prediabetes (RR: 2,1; IC95%: 1,4-3,1). La MASLD se asoció positivamente a la preferencia nutricional por la comida rápida (p=0,047). Solo el índice de masa corporal resultó predictor independiente de MASLD (RR: 1,49; IC95%: 1,07-1,93). Conclusión. La prevalencia global de la MASLD no varió después del confinamiento por COVID-19, pero sí se incrementó en mujeres, y algunos de sus factores de riesgo también aumentaron significativamente. Se encontró equivalencia numérica entre la MASLD y la definición previa de la enfermedad. Se requiere un estudio local más grande para desarrollar y validar un mejor modelo predictor del cambio de la MASLD a través del tiempo.

Introduction. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a common clinical condition, related to overweight, dyslipidemia and diabetes. As these risk factors are in turn associated with sedentary lifestyle and weight gain, an impact as a result of the COVID-19 confinement on the prevalence of MASLD would be expected. Methodology. Retrospective longitudinal study in a data panel of 132 patients from 2017 to 2022. Patients with a liver ultrasound and a medical and paraclinical assessment 1.5 years before and after the confinement period (March 25, 2020 to February 28, 2021) were included. The primary outcome was a significant change in the prevalence of MASLD, and an exploratory fixed-effects logistic regression model with panel data was used to find predictors of change. Results. In a total of 132 patients analyzed, the overall prevalence of MASLD before (31%, 95%CI: 23-39) and after (35.6%, 95%CI: 27.4-43.8) confinement by COVID-19 did not change significantly, however, in women there was a significant increase (RR: 4, 95%CI: 1.0004-16). A marked difference in prevalence was found between sexes (17% in women and 46% in men; p=0.001). Confinement was associated with increases in body mass (difference: +1 kg, 95%CI: 0.1-1.9), LDL cholesterol (difference: +9.7 mg/dL, 95%CI: 4.9-14.4) and the diagnosis of prediabetes (RR: 2.1, 95%CI: 1.4-3.1). MASLD was positively associated with nutritional preference for fast food (p=0.047). Only body mass index was an independent predictor of MASLD (RR: 1.49, 95%CI: 1.07-1.93). Conclusion. The overall prevalence of MASLD did not change after the COVID-19 lockdown, but it did increase in women, and some of its risk factors also increased significantly. Numerical equivalence was found between MASLD and the previous definition of the disease. A larger local study is required to develop and validate a better predictor model of MASLD change over time.

Efectos de un programa de ejercicio físico con enfoque sanológico en universitarios / Effects of a physical exercise program with a sanological approach in university students / Efeitos de um programa de exercícios físicos com abordagem saudável em estudantes universitários

Objetivo: identificar el efecto del programa de ejercicio físico del proyecto institucionalUSCO saludable con enfoque sanológico en 40 jóvenes universitarios con sobrepeso. Metodología: se plantea un estudio mixto el cual utiliza metodología cuantitativa y cualitativa. En específico, se desarrolló un estudio cuasiexperimental de un solo grupo con valoración antes y después, los datos se tomaron de la revisión de historias clínicosanológicas del programa de ejercicio físico, de la dimensión actividad física. Del proyecto USCO Saludable, se seleccionaron 40 estudiantes con un índice de masa muscular (IMC) entre los rangos de 25 a 30 kg/m2. Se utilizó un instrumento denominado historia clínico-sanológica, esta fue diseñada, ajustada y estandarizada por los investigadores Pedro Reyes Gaspar y Dolly Arias Torres. Los datos se trabajaron a través de entrevista semiestructurada, mediante la creación de códigos y categorías con el programa ATLAS. ti 6.0. Para la comparación del IMC se empleó la prueba de Wilcoxon y el tamaño del efecto por medio de la g de Hedges en el programa SPSS versión 24. Resultados: después de la intervención, en el grupo de estudiantes universitarios con sobrepeso se observaron cambios importantes en la comprensión del concepto de salud, salud actual y del ejercicio físico como herramienta de cuidado de la salud y la vejez. Además, se identificó un cambio significativo en el IMC de la población. Conclusiones: la estrategia de ejercicio físico desde un enfoque sanológico es factible y eficaz, debido a los cambios significativos en el pensamiento y comportamiento en la salud de estudiantes universitarios con sobrepeso.

Objective: to identify the effect of the physical exercise program, of the healthy USCO institutional project with a sanological approach, on 40 overweight university students. Methodolgy: a mixed study is proposed using quantitative and qualitative methodology. Specifically, a quasiexperimental study of a single group was developed with evaluation before and after, the data was taken from the review of clinical-sanological histories of the physical exercise program, of the physical activity dimension, of the Healthy USCO project, 40 students with BMI (body mass index) between the ranges of 25 to 30 kg/ m2 were selected. An instrument called clinical-sanological history was used, it was designed, adjusted, and standardized by researchers Pedro Reyes Gaspar and Dolly Arias Torres. The data was processed through a semi-structured interview through the creation of codes, and categories with the ATLAS.ti 6.0 software, for the comparison of the BMI the Wilcoxon test was used and the effect size through Hedges' G in the SPSS program version 24. Results: after the intervention, important changes were observed in the understanding of the concept of health, current health, and physical exercise as a tool for health care and old age in a group of overweight university students. Furthermore, a significant change in the BMI of the population was identified. Conclusions: the strategy of physical exercise from a sanological approach is feasible and effective due to the significant changes in the thinking and behavior in the health of overweight university students.

Objetivo: identificar o efeito do programa de exercícios físicos do projeto institucional USCO saudável com enfoque saudável em 40 universitários com excesso de peso. Metodologia: propõe-se um estudo misto que utiliza metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa. Especificamente, foi desenvolvido um estudo quase-experimental de grupo único com avaliação antes e depois, os dados foram retirados da revisão dos registros clínico-saúde do programa de exercício físico, da dimensão atividade física. Do projeto USCO Healthy, foram selecionados 40 alunos com índice de massa muscular (IMC) entre 25 e 30 kg/m2. Foi utilizado um instrumento denominado histórico clínico-saúde, desenhado, ajustado e padronizado pelos pesquisadores Pedro Reyes Gaspar e Dolly Arias Torres. Os dados foram trabalhados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, mediante criação de códigos e categorias com o programa ATLAS.ti 6.0. Para a comparação do IMC foi utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon e o tamanho do efeito por meio do g de Hedges no programa SPSS versão 24. Resultados: após a intervenção, no grupo de universitários com excesso de peso, foram observadas mudanças importantes na compreensão do conceito de saúde, saúde atual e exercício físico como ferramenta de cuidado à saúde e à velhice. Além disso, foi identificada uma alteração significativa no IMC da população. Conclusões: a estratégia de exercício físico sob uma abordagem de saúde é viável e eficaz, devido às mudanças significativas no pensamento e no comportamento de saúde de estudantes universitários com excesso de peso

Mediating effect of lifestyle on the relationship between family history and cardiovascular disease / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To evaluate the mediating effect of lifestyles on the association between family history and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods This study was based on the "Early Screening and Comprehensive Intervention of High-risk Populations of Cardiovascular Disease Project". The data were collected from 6 project sites in Hubei Province. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the impact of family history and lifestyle on CVD, and the relationship between family history and lifestyle. Mediation analysis was used to evaluate the mediating effect of lifestyle on the association between family history and CVD. Results A total of 5 871 subjects were included in the study from 2015 to 2016, of whom 500 (8.52%) developed CVD and 484 had family history of CVD. The risk of developing CVD was significantly increased in participants with family history of disease (OR = 1.458, P = 0.014) and in those with high level of physical activity (OR = 1.081, P = 0.026). The increase of leisure physical activity time showed a protective effect on developing CVD (OR = 0.977, P < 0.001). Participants with family history significantly increased leisure physical activity (OR = 2.085, P < 0.001), and were less likely to choose occupations with high levels of physical activity (OR = 0.524, P < 0.001). The results of mediation analysis showed that leisure physical activity and occupational physical activity mediated the relationship between family history and CVD, and the β value of the mediating effects were -0.004 (P = 0.010) and 0.002 (P = 0.045), respectively. The β value of the direct effect of family history on CVD was 0.033 (P < 0.05). Conclusion Leisure physical activity and occupational physical activity might mediate the relationship between family history and CVD. People with family history would reduce the risk of developing CVD by increasing leisure physical activity time and choosing occupations with low levels of physical activity.

Sequential mediating role of digital participation and health lifestyle in the relation-ship between socioeconomic status and depression of older adults / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To explore the potential mechanisms of the relationship between socioeconomic status(SES)and depression of Chinese older adults through the mediating role of digital participation and health lifestyle.Methods:Using the nationally representative data from the China Family Panel Studies in 2020,4 846 participants aged 60 years and older were analyzed in our study.We explored the potential mechanisms of the relationship between SES and depression of Chinese older adults in the digital era through a chain multiple mediating effects model.The KHB(The Karlson,Holm,and Breen)method was used to analyze the mediating role of digital participation and health lifestyle and the propor-tion of mediating effect between the two was also calculated.A series of robustness tests were further con-ducted and the fit of the model was checked by structural equation modeling.Results:The mean age of the 4 846 older adults included in this study was(68.20±5.07)years,48.06％of whom were female and 51.94％were male.The KHB results showed that both digital participation and health lifestyle could mediate the relationship between SES and depression of older adults(P＜0.000 1)and the mediating role of health lifestyle accounted for a greater proportion than digital participation.And our study mainly found three potential pathways of SES and depression of older adults,including:(1)SES → digital par-ticipation → health lifestyle → depression,(2)SES → health lifestyle → depression,and(3)SES →depression.Structural equation modeling tests proved the overall fit of the model in this study.Conclu-sion:Our findings showed that in the digital age,in addition to the direct relationship between SES and depression of older adults,and the health lifestyle as a mediator between the relationship,there is also a sequential mediating role of digital participation and health lifestyle to reduce the risk of depression.The findings suggest that we should pay more attention to the probability of the digital divide exacerbating health inequalities and socioeconomic inequalities accumulation in the digital age and promote the co-progress of digital literacy and health literacy among older adults.

The relationship between risk perception and health promoting lifestyle profile in population with moderate and high risk of cardiovascular diseases:a Nomogram model analysis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship between risk perception and health promoting lifestyle profile in population with cardiovascular disease (CVD), and construct a prediction model for clinical screening and targeted intervention.Methods:A cross-sectional survey method was used to select 272 people at moderate and high risk of CVD from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from March to August 2022. The general information questionnaire, Chinese version of Attitude and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease Knowledge and Risk Questionnaire (ABCD-C), and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP Ⅱ) were used. Based on multiple regression analysis, a nomogram model for health promoting lifestyle in high-risk CVD population was constructed.Results:Among 272 participants, male 150 cases, female 122 cases, aged (60.58 ± 10.64) years old. The total ABCD-C score was (56.57 ± 5.69), and the total HPLP Ⅱ score was (111.92 ± 12.47). ABCD-C score was significantly positively correlated with HPLP Ⅱ score ( r=0.556, P<0.01). The median of HPLP Ⅱ total score (111 points) was used as the cut-off point for low level of health-promoting lifestyle (≤111 points) and high level of health-promoting lifestyle (>111 points), and used it as the dependent variable, smoking ( OR=0.215, 95% CI 0.104-0.446) was a barrier factor for participants to adopt healthy lifestyle; being married ( OR=14.237, 95% CI 1.963-103.238), having a family average monthly income higher than 5 000 yuan ( OR=4.101, 95% CI 1.369-12.288), higher score of CVD prevention knowledge ( OR=1.660, 95% CI 1.373-2.007), perceived benefits and intention to change physical activity ( OR=1.445, 95% CI 1.255-1.663), perceived benefits and intention to change healthy diet ( OR=1.322, 95% CI 1.058-1.654) were promoting factors. Conclusions:The health-promoting lifestyle of populations at risk for CVD is above-average, influenced by factors such as smoking, marital and economic status, risk attitudes, and beliefs. Utilizing the nomogram model for early screening and targeted risk communication among key populations may contribute to improving their health behavior.

A cross-sectional survey on the prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in the elderly in some areas of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Epidemiological research data on sarcopenia in China are concentrated in some provincial capitals and developed areas,while research on sarcopenia in the elderly in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is at the initial stage,and there is still a lack of understanding of the development mechanism,influencing factors and prevention methods of sarcopenia. OBJECTIVE:Based on the 2019 Asian Sarcopenia Working Group Standard(AWGS2019),to assess sarcopenia in the elderly in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau,while analyzing the prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in the elderly. METHODS:A total of 1 327 elderly study subjects(650 males and 677 females)were recruited and their socio-demographic characteristics,clinical data and physical activity levels were collected.The prevalence of sarcopenia was screened using the AWGS2019 criteria.The possible influencing factors for sarcopenia were screened by univariate analysis,including χ2 test for comparing count data and t-test for comparing measurement data,and the indicators through univariate screening were included in the binary logistic regression model to assess the risk factors for sarcopenia,and then the odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)were calculated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The prevalence of sarcopenia in the elderly in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau was 14.62%(12.73%male and 16.49%female).Aging(OR=1.158,95%CI:1.133-1.185),female(OR=2.416,95%CI:1.629-3.586),fasting blood glucose≥7.0 mmol/L(OR=1.653,95%CI:1.071-2.551),smoking(OR=1.595,95%CI:1.043-2.438)and a low physical activity level(OR=1.778,95%CI:1.154-2.737)were all independent risk factors for sarcopenia,while body mass index was a protective factor for sarcopenia(OR=0.708,95%CI:0.583-0.859).These findings indicate that aging,female,fasting glucose≥7.0 mmol/L,smoking and low physical activity levels all increase the risk of sarcopenia,while increased body mass index can decrease the risk of sarcopenia.To conclude,the elderly(especially women)should maintain a healthy lifestyle and slightly higher body mass index levels during the aging process,thus reducing the risk of sarcopenia.

The development of a health-promoting lifestyle scale for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and the test of its reliability and validity / 中华护理杂志

Objective To develop a health-promoting lifestyle scale for women with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS),and to test its reliability and validity,and preliminarily apply it.Methods Based on the Pender health promotion model,the item pool of the scale was constructed through literature research,semi-structured interviews and group discussions.After 2 rounds of Delphi expert consultation and pre-survey,the initial scale was formed.From April to July 2022,316 patients with PCOS in the health management center,reproductive medicine center and endocrinology department of a tertiary hospital in Nanjing were selected for item analysis,exploratory factor analysis and reliability test,respectively.From August to October 2022,358 PCOS patients were selected for confirmatory factor analysis.From November 2022 to February 2013,294 PCOS patients were selected,and the scale was used to investigate the status of health-promoting lifestyle in PCOS patients.Results The health-promoting lifestyle scale for PCOS patients included 5 dimensions and 33 items.The total content validity index of the scale was 0.942,and the content validity index of each item was 0.810-1.000.5 common factors were extracted by 2 exploratory factor analyses,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 62.399％.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fit was good.The Cronbach's a coefficient of the total scale was 0.930;the split-half reliability was 0.842;the test-retest reliability was 0.888.The preliminary application results showed that the total score of health-promoting lifestyle in PCOS patients was(96.925±14.273),and the average score of items was(2.937±0.433),which was at a medium level.Conclusion The health-promoting lifestyle scale for PCOS patients has good reliability and validity,which can be used as a tool for medical staff to assess the level of health-promoting lifestyle of PCOS patients,and can help nurses to quickly identify the level and dimensions of health-promoting lifestyle of patients,so as to formulate individualized precise health management plans.

Lifestyle-related changes among Filipinos with comorbidities during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background@#The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been significant, affecting individuals across all health spectrums. Many have adapted their lifestyles to navigate the challenges posed by the pandemic. Despite this, there remains a lack of understanding regarding the specific lifestyle changes made by Filipinos with comorbidities during this time.@*Objectives@#We aimed to ascertain the lifestyle changes among Filipinos with comorbidities and examine how their condition and various sociodemographic factors influenced these changes during the pandemic.@*Methodology@#We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study involving 402 Filipino adults with comorbidities residing in Metro Manila. Using descriptive statistics, we summarized sociodemographic profiles and considerations for lifestyle changes. We assessed lifestyle changes using principal component analysis. Multiple linear regression was used to identify factors associated with these changes.@*Results@#Lifestyle modifications include positive changes in a healthy diet, nutrition, and social support, as well as negative changes in restorative sleep, mental and physical states, and unhealthy eating habits. Monthly household income was positively associated with lifestyle changes. Specifically, individuals belonging to the middle to upper-income categories tend to adopt these modifications compared to those in the lower-income brackets (B [unstandardized beta]=3.99; 95% CI [Confidence Interval)= 0.98, 6.99). The primary reason for embracing these changes was to delay or prevent the progression of diseases, followed by the desire to minimize health complications.@*Conclusions@#High-income Filipinos are more inclined to adopt lifestyle modifications compared to lower-income individuals. Prioritizing disease prevention and minimizing health complications are common considerations for these changes.

Obesity status of Kazakh children and adolescents in Xinjiang agricultural and pastoral areas and its correlation with lifestyle / 中国儿童保健杂志

【Objective】 To understand the obesity status of Kazakh children and adolescents in the agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang and its association with lifestyle, so as to provide reference and help for maintaining good body shape and health intervention for Kazakh children and adolescents in agricultural and pastoral areas. 【Methods】 From April to June 2022, 6 242 Kazakh children and adolescents aged 10 - 20 years were tested for obesity and surveyed by lifestyle questionnaires using stratified whole-group sampling in the farming and herding areas of Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture and Altay Region, Xinjiang. χ2 test and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze data. 【Results】 The obesity detection rate of Kazakh children and adolescents in Xinjiang farming and herding areas was 18.71%, with higher rates in boys (22.24%) compared to girls (15.12%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =52.04, P<0.01). Significant differences were observed in the obesity rates based on grade level, fruit consumption frequency, screen time of television, feeling hopeful for the future, fatigue, loneliness, and sadness (χ2 =24.29, 4.61, 694.51, 7.15, 10.33, 6.51, 8.07, P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that female students (OR=0.63, 95%CI: 0.56 - 0.69) and students who felt hopeful about the future (OR=0.96, 95%CI: 0.94 - 0.99) were protective factors against obesity (P<0.05); while high school and lower grades (senior high school OR=1.38, 95%CI: 1.24 - 1.57; junior high school OR=1.82, 95%CI: 1.58 - 2.06; primary school OR=2.67, 95%CI: 2.33 - 2.99), fruit consumption ≥1time/d (OR=1.07, 95%CI: 1.03 - 1.16), watching TV ≥2h/d (OR=1.07, 95%CI: 1.02 - 1.17), frequent feeling of fatigue (OR=1.07, 95%CI: 1.03 - 1.12), loneliness (OR=1.08, 95%CI: 1.02~1.19) and sadness (OR= 1.09, 95%CI: 1.04 - 1.14) of students were risk factors for the development of obesity (P<0.05). 【Conclusions】 The obesity rate of Kazakh children and adolescents in the agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang is high and closely associated with lifestyle. Therefore, it is crucial to improve unhealthy lifestyles in order to reduce obesity and promote the physical and mental well-being of this population.

Relationship between lifestyle and mental health in preschool children / 中国儿童保健杂志

【Objective】 To explore lifestyle patterns among Chinese preschool school children by latent class analysis, and to analyze its associations with behavior problems from person-centered perspective, in order to provide theoretical reference for improving children′s mental health. 【Methods】 A questionnaire survey was conducted among parents of children aged 3 - 6 years old in five kindergartens in Xuzhou city by cluster sampling from April to May 2021.The survey content included the demographic characteristics, rearing environment, life behaviors and behavior problems, which was measured by Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(SDQ). Latent class analysis was used to explore latent lifestyle patterns.Unadjusted and adjusted Logistic regression analysis was used to test the associations between latent lifestyle patterns and behavior problems. 【Results】 The sample size was 1 190, including 618 (51.9%) boys.Latent class analysis for 7 life behaviors showed that three latent class model was the best one: low-risk group (206, 17.3%), medium-risk group (721, 60.6%) and high-risk group (263, 22.1%).After controlling demographic factors, adjusted Logistic regression model showed that compared to low-risk group, children in high-risk group had more risks of developing hyperactivity (OR=2.129, 95%CI: 1.230 - 3.685), peer problems (OR=2.051, 95%CI: 1.316 - 3.197), and total difficulties (OR=2.081, 95%CI: 1.290 - 3.356). 【Conclusions】 Improper dietary balance and irrational structure of daily activities substantially escalate the risk of emotional and behavioral issues in preschool-age children.Helping preschool children form a healthy lifestyle pattern is conducive to preventing behavioral problems.

Association between lifestyle factors and dyslipidemia among railway workers under different shift work schedules / 环境与职业医学

Background Unhealthy lifestyles may constitute significant risk factors for dyslipidemia. However, limited studies focus on the association mentioned above among railway workers undertaking frequent shift work. Objective To understand the status of dyslipidemia and lifestyles among railway workers, and to investigate the association between the lifestyles of workers involved in different shift work schedules and dyslipidemia, aiming to provide a reference for the development of targeted intervention strategies against dyslipidemia in this occupational group. Methods The participants were selected from the in-service staff of a railway unit in 2021. A quota sampling approach was used to ensure the participation of at least 50% of employees from each department. Demographic and lifestyle information of the railway workers in 2021 was collected through self-administered questionnaires, while physiological and biochemical indicators were obtained through health examinations. Chi-square tests were employed to analyze the distribution of dyslipidemia among railway workers with different characteristics. Binary logistic regression was utilized to examine the associations between selected variables and dyslipidemia, and additive model was used to investigate the interaction between lifestyle and different shift work schedules on dyslipidemia. Results A total of 17392 railway workers were included in the study, and the total prevalence of dyslipidemia was 31.3%, with a higher prevalence reported among workers undertaking rotating night shifts (33.5%) and permanent night shifts (34.3%) than those with regular day work. The main adverse lifestyles among the railway workers were physical inactivity (59.6%), alcohol consumption (40.0%), and smoking (35.7%), and only 13.6% reported a healthy lifestyle. Furthermore, significant statistical differences in the prevalence of dyslipidemia were reported among workers with different lifestyles (P<0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, smoking was a risk factor for dyslipidemia (OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.48, 1.75), while highly active physical activity served as a protective factor against dyslipidemia (OR=0.79, 95%CI: 0.71, 0.88). In general, adopting a healthy lifestyle was associated with a decreased risk of dyslipidemia (OR=0.86, 95%CI: 0.77, 0.95). The stratified analyses based on different shift work schedules revealed a statistically significant association between smoking and dyslipidemia across various shift work occupational groups (P<0.001): regular day work, OR=1.62, 95%CI: 1.42, 1.84; rotating night shifts, OR=1.54, 95%CI: 1.35, 1.76; and permanent night shifts, OR=1.75, 95%CI: 1.40, 2.18. In regular day workers, highly active physical activity was associated with a reduced risk of dyslipidemia (OR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.69, 0.95). A similar association was observed among workers undertaking rotating night shifts (OR=0.78, 95%CI: 0.65, 0.94); furthermore, moderately active physical activity was also associated with a reduced risk of dyslipidemia in this occupational group (OR=0.85, 95%CI: 0.74, 0.97). There was no additive interaction between rotating night shifts and lifestyle with relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP), and synergy index (S) of 0.18 (95%CI: −0.04, 0.41), 0.15 (95%CI: −0.04, 0.33), and 3.19 (95%CI: 0.09~110.44), respectively. There was also no additive interaction between permanent night shifts and lifestyle, with RERI, AP and S of −0.03 (95%CI: −0.43~0.37), −0.02 (95%CI: −0.35~0.31) and 0.90 (95%CI: 0.18~4.46). Further stratification of populations according to shift work schedules and lifestyles revealed that those who worked rotating night shifts and reported unhealthy lifestyles were more likely to present dyslipidemia than those who undertook regular day work and had healthy lifestyles (OR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.09, 1.48). Conclusion Railway workers present less optimistic lipid health status, and unhealthy lifestyles are prevalent among them. Those engaged in night shift work report a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia. Among workers with different shift schedules, smoking and physical inactivity are identified as the primary risk factors for dyslipidemia, and particular attention should be paid to the lipid health status of rotating night shift workers with poor lifestyles.

Eating behaviour and lifestyle changes among college students in Malaysia during the Movement Control Order (MCO)

@#Introduction: COVID-19 lockdown has been linked to alterations in eating behaviour and a sedentary lifestyle. As human-to-human transmission rapidly increased, the Movement Control Order (MCO) was put in place as an attempt to minimise the risk of the virus spreading in the community. This study aimed to determine whether eating behaviour was associated with sleep quality and physical activity among college students in Malaysia during MCO. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among Malaysian students aged between 20 to 34 years old. A simple random sampling method was applied and the participants had to complete an online survey consisting of a validated Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form (IPAQ-SF), distributed via an online platform. Results: A total of 370 students participated, with 22.4% emotional eaters, 58.6% external eaters, and 23.0% restrained eaters. In addition, 64.3% had poor sleep quality, while 57.6% claimed to be physically active. However, no correlations were found between all eating behaviour subscales with sleep quality and physical activity. Conclusion: More than half of college students presented with external eating behaviours. Early screening and further investigations should be done, especially with the high rate of poor sleepers, to promote and sustain a healthy lifestyle during and beyond COVID-19.

Work and lifestyle influencing factors for thyroid cancer among young and middle-aged patients with thyroid nodules / 环境与职业医学

Background The number of persons with thyroid nodules has increased rapidly in recent years, and thyroid cancer caused by malignant nodules has become a key problem endangering the health of young and middle-aged groups in China. Objective To explore work and lifestyle influencing factors for developing thyroid cancer among young and middle-aged patients with thyroid nodules. Methods The subjects with thyroid nodules were reported by routine physical examines ordered at the Huadong Sanatorium. We conducted a 1∶4 matched case-control study in which 232 patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer from 2012 to 2022 were matched to 928 controls by gender and age (±5 years). A validated questionnaire was used to collect data on work and lifestyle behaviors. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were applied to explore potential relationships between selected factors (including environment, working hours, stress, diet, exercise, and mental health) and thyroid cancer. Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlations between variables. Results The results of univariate logistic regression showed a history of thyroid cancer reported among first-degree relatives (OR=6.059, 95%CI: 1.007, 36.473), obesity (OR=1.973, 95%CI: 1.296, 3.004), noise and vibration exposure (OR=1.988, 95%CI: 1.143, 3.456), frequent stress (OR=2.093, 95%CI: 1.231, 3.559), frequent depression (OR=2.034, 95%CI: 1.048, 3.947), frequent anger (OR=1.791, 95%CI: 1.066, 3.012), frequent fried food diet (OR=1.535, 95%CI: 1.026, 2.297), and frequent fast food diet (OR=1.836, 95%CI: 1.048, 3.215) were risk factors for reporting thyroid cancer developing from thyroid nodules, while regular meals (OR=0.245, 95%CI: 0.061, 0.989) and frequent exercise (OR=0.571, 95%CI: 0.342, 0.952) were protective factors for reporting no thyroid cancer. The results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that body mass index was positively correlated with frequent fried food, fast food, and sugary beverage diets (r=0.123, 0.083, 0.077, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with frequent depression and anger (r=−0.090, −0.070, P<0.05). The results of multiple logistic regression found that a history of thyroid cancer reported among first-degree relatives (OR=6.712, 95%CI: 1.071, 42.066), obesity (OR=2.032, 95%CI: 1.321, 3.125), noise and vibration exposure (OR=1.991, 95%CI: 1.089, 3.637), and frequent stress (OR=2.468, 95%CI: 1.417, 4.300) were associated with an elevated risk of reporting thyroid cancer developing from thyroid nodules patients. Regular exercise (frequency≥3 times·week−1, > 30 min per episode) (OR=0.516, 95%CI: 0.300, 0.890) was associated with a lowered risk of reporting thyroid cancer. Conclusions Multiple risk factors associated with reporting thyroid cancer among young and middle-aged groups with thyroid nodules are identified, such as obesity, noise and vibration exposure, frequent stress, and lack of exercise.