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<b>Objective::To study on the plasma lipidomics characteristics of coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with syndrome of of intermingling of phlegm and static blood, and to find differential lipid metabolites between them and healthy volunteers. <b>Method::The plasma samples from CHD patients with syndrome of intermingling of phlegm and static blood and healthy volunteers of the same age were collected. The plasma lipidomics was carried out by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. The plasma samples were detected under positive and negative ion modes, and the primary and secondary mass spectrometry datas were collected simultaneously, and the <italic>m</italic>/<italic>z</italic> ranges were 100-2 000 and 50-2 000, respectively. The lipidomics model was established by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Differential lipid metabolites were identified based on multivariate statistics. <b>Result::OPLS-DA model could obviously distinguish CHD patients with syndrome of intermingling of phlegm and static blood and healthy volunteers. A total of 15 plasma differential lipid metabolites were identified, such as C16 sphinganine, phytosphingosine, <italic>N</italic>, <italic>N</italic>-dimethyl-safingol, 2-hydroxyphytanic acid, orotinichalcone, PC[18∶2(2<italic>E</italic>, 4<italic>E</italic>)/0∶0], PC(0∶0/16∶0), epitestosterone sulfate, etiocholanolone sulfate, PS[22∶1(11<italic>Z</italic>)/0∶0], PC[16∶0/20∶4(5<italic>E</italic>, 8<italic>E</italic>, 11<italic>E</italic>, 14<italic>E</italic>)], PC[19∶1(9<italic>Z</italic>)/17∶2(9<italic>Z</italic>, 12<italic>Z</italic>)], PC(16∶0/0∶0), PC(18∶0/0∶0), PS[15∶1(9<italic>Z</italic>)/22∶1(11<italic>Z</italic>)]. <b>Conclusion::There are significant differences in plasma lipid characteristics between CHD patients with syndrome of intermingling of phlegm and static blood and healthy volunteers. The plasma differential lipid metabolites are helpful for the accurate differentiation of CHD patients with syndrome of intermingling of phlegm and static blood.
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OBJECTIVE:To identify lipid metabolites of endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus from Polygonum capitatum, and to investigate their anti-multidrug resistant bacteria and anti-inflammatory effects. METHODS:GC-MS was used to analyze and identify lipid metabolites of A. terreus. MIC of lipid metabolites and main composition to 10 strains of multidrug resistant bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae,Proteus common,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Enterobacter cloacae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Proteus mirabilis,Enterococcus faecium and Acinetobacter baumanii) were determined by 96-well plate microdilution method. The spread plate method was used to determine MBC of samples to bacteria. LPS-induced RAW264.7 inflammatory model was used to investigate the effects of different mass concentrations(50,100,200 μg/mL)of lipid metabolites on the release of NO and TNF-α after treated for 24 h. RESULTS:A total of 13 compounds were identified in lipid metabolites of A. terreus,among which palmitic acid,stearic acid,linoleic acid and oleic acid were main components,and relative percentages of them were 29.35％,10.87％,21.94％,34.85％. The lipid metabolites displayed anti-bacterial activity against E. coli and K. pneumonia with MICs of 12.5 mg/mL and 50 mg/mL,MBC of 25 mg/mL and 100 mg/mL,respectively. The main 4 compositions could inhibit the growth of E. coli,with MIC of 0.5-1 mg/mL,among which palmitic acid showed significant antibacterial activity,especially to E. faecium(MIC of 0.25 mg/mL). 50,100 μg/mL lipid metabolites could signifiantly inhibit the release of inflammatory factor of NO and TNF-α in RAW264.7 in vitro. CONCLUSIONS:The lipid metabolites of endophytic fungus A. terreus from P. capitatum show anti- multi-drug resistant bacteria and anti-inflammatory effects.
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This study was designed to examine the effects of Salicornia herbacea L. ( glasswort: GW) on the plasma blood glucose and lipid metabolites in diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200 - 220g by an injection of streptozotocin ( STZ) dissolved in a citrate buffer into the tail vein at a dose of 45 mg/kg of body weight. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an AIN-93 recommended diet and the experimental groups were fed a modified diet containing 10% and 20% of glasswort powder for 4 weeks. The experimental groups were divided into 6 groups which consisted of normal ( N) -control group, N-GW 10% and N-GW 20% treated groups, STZ-control, STZ-GW 10% and STZ-GW 20% treated groups. The rats' body weights, aminotransferase activities and hematocrit ( Hct) values were measured, along with plasma levels of glucose, protein, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride ( TG) and free fatty acids ( FFA) . The non-diabetic rats gained weight, while the diabetic rats lost weight. There were significant differences between the control group and the diabetic groups in the weight of the kidney, liver and pancreas. Asparate aminotransferase activity was lower in the non-diabetic control group compared to diabetic experimental groups, even though the difference was not significant. The plasma protein of N-GW 20% group was lower among all experimental groups but it was not significantly different. The blood glucose levels of the STZ-GW 10% group and STZ-GW 20% group were significantly lower than for the diabetic-control group. There were no significant difference of cholesterol levels among diabetic groups. The normal rats of 20% glasswort group in FFA and TG levels showed significant changes among all groups. These results exhibited dose related effect of glasswort and it may contain antihypoglycemic compounds.