The Role of Lip-Reading for Hearing-impaired Children in Phonetic Identification / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective Use McGurk effect paradigm materials to explore the role of lip-Reading for hearing-impaired children in phonetic identification.Methods Thirty-six severe prelingually hearing-impaired children and thirty-six normal healthy children(binaural PTA≤20 dB HL)were recruited in the study.The test material was composed of audio and video,including/ba/,/da/,/bi/,/di/,/bu/,/du/six stimulation sounds which were video recorded as pronounced.Under 3 different conditions,the two groups were evaluated for the accuracy of audi-tory responses.Results The accuracy of auditory responses of hearing-impaired children group was 0.71 ±0.19, 0.96±0.07,0.11 ±0.16 for auditory-only mode,audio -visual consistent mode and audio -visual inconsistent mode,respectively,0.93±0.10,0.96±0.11,0.54±0.23 for normal hearing children in auditory-only mode,audi-o-visual consistent mode and audio-visual inconsistent mode,respectively.Conclusion The Audio-visual con-sistent mode is the best one and the lip-reading can help hearing-impaired children in phonetic identification.

Speechreading as a communication mediator / Leitura da fala como mediadora da comunicação

Purposes: To compare the speechreading between individuals with hearing impairment and with normal hearing levels to verify the factors that influence the speechreading among hearing impaired patients. Methods: Forty individuals with severe-to-profound hearing loss aged between 13 and 70 years old (study group) and 21 hearing individuals aged between 17 and 63 years old (control group) were evaluated. As a research instrument, anamnesis was used to characterize the groups; three speechreading instruments, presenting stimuli via a mute video, with a female speaker; and a vocabulary test, to verify their influence on speechreading. A descriptive and analytical statistics (ANOVA test and Pearson's correlation), adopting a significance level of 0.05 (5%). Results: A better performance was observed in the group with hearing impairment in speechreading tests than in the group with hearing individuals. By analyzing the group with hearing loss, there was a mean difference between tests (p<0.001), which also showed correlation between them. Individuals with pre-lingual hearing loss and those who underwent therapy for speechreading had a better performance for most speechreading instruments. The variables gender and schooling showed no influence on speechreading. Conclusion: Individuals with hearing impairment had better performance on speechreading tasks in comparison to people with normal hearing. Furthermore, it was found that the ability to perform speechread might be influenced by the vocabulary, period of installation of the hearing loss, and speechreading therapy. .

Objetivos: Comparar a habilidade de leitura da fala entre indivíduos com deficiência auditiva e ouvintes e verificar os fatores que podem influenciá-la nos deficientes auditivos. Métodos: Foram avaliados 40 indivíduos com perda auditiva de grau severo a profundo e idade entre 13 e 70 anos (grupo em estudo) e 21 ouvintes com idade entre 17 e 63 anos (grupo controle). Como instrumentos de pesquisa, utilizaram-se anamnese, para caracterizar os grupos; três instrumentos de leitura da fala, apresentando-se estímulos por meio de vídeo, sem som, com uma locutora feminina; e um teste de vocabulário, para verificar a sua influência sobre a leitura da fala. Realizou-se estatística descritiva e analítica (Teste ANOVA e Correlação de Pearson), adotando-se o nível de significância de 0,05 (5%). Resultados: Observou-se melhor desempenho do grupo com deficiência auditiva nos testes de leitura da fala do que ouvintes. Analisando somente o grupo com deficiência auditiva, verificou-se diferença de desempenho entre os testes (p<0,001) e estes apresentaram correlação entre si. Apresentaram melhor desempenho para a maioria dos instrumentos de leitura da fala os indivíduos com deficiência auditiva pré-lingual e os que realizaram terapia de leitura da fala. As variáveis sexo e anos de estudo não indicaram influência na leitura da fala. Conclusão: Indivíduos com deficiência auditiva apresentam melhor desempenho em tarefas de leitura da fala em comparação com ouvintes. Além disso, verificou-se que a capacidade de realizar a leitura da fala pode ser influenciada pelo vocabulário, época de instalação da deficiência auditiva e realização da terapia de leitura da fala. .

The Impacts of Lip-Reading Information on Hearing Impaired Patients’ Sentence Recognition / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective This experiment was to analyze the impacts of lip -reading information on hearing im-paired subjects'sentence recognition got in noisy environment in comparing with the results obtained from the listen-ing and audio -visual testing ways .Methods Fourteen moderate hearing impaired subjects with 55 .4 ± 9 .1 years old were postlingual deafness .Their sentence recognition ability were tested in noisy environments with speech and audio-visual information separately (speech intensity :30 dB SL ,SNR:5 dB) .Results Compared with the sentence recognition administered in the speech information condition 73 .79% ± 7 .95% ,the subjects sentence recognition un-der the audio -visual condition was 86 .57% ± 5 .42% ,which was significantly different (P<0 .05) .Conclusion In noisy environment ,lip-reading can improve hearing impaired patients’ sentence recognition obviously .

Rehabilitation for Pure Word Deafness and Returning to Work : A Case Report / The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

We report a 47-year-old right-handed male patient with pure word deafness after suffering an intracerebral hemorrhage. He had been working as a high school teacher before the onset of his stroke. He was emergently admitted to our hospital due to left putaminal hemorrhage and treated conservatively after admission. The patient's neurological findings showed that although his auditory comprehension was severely impaired, he was still able to communicate using written language. Pure-tone audiometry didn't detect any sensorineural hearing impairment. After the diagnosis of pure word deafness was clinically made, we educated the patient and his family, as well as the associated medical staff at our department, about this condition so that they could understand his pathological situation. In addition, we introduced a rehabilitation program for lip-reading and showed him a technique for using articulatory voice production in usual conversation. As a result of our attempts, he developed the ability to communicate using lip-reading skills after 2 months of rehabilitation and successfully returned to his previous work because of the communicative competence he acquired. We also make some proposals for helping other patients with auditory agnosia to return not only to their regular daily activities but also to return to gainful employment, as patients with this condition seem to have special difficulties benefiting from the present welfare service system in Japan.

A contribuição da leitura orofacial na comunicação do neuropata auditivo / Lip reading contribution for the communication of the individual with auditory neuropathy

OBJETIVO: avaliar a contribuição da leitura orofacial na percepção de fala do neuropata auditivo. MÉTODOS: foram incluídos neste estudo quatro indivíduos selecionados a partir dos seguintes critérios: pacientes adultos com neuropatia auditiva; idade superior a 18 anos e inferior a 60 anos; diagnóstico de neuropatia auditiva firmado pela equipe médica e nível mínimo de escolaridade (ser alfabetizado). Para a coleta de dados, foram realizadas as provas de percepção de fala sem e com leitura orofacial, que incluíram repetição de palavras dissilábicas e trissilábicas e repetição de frases em apresentação aberta (open-set). RESULTADOS: verificou-se uma variação importante quanto ao grau da perda auditiva em todos os indivíduos e, em relação ao índice de reconhecimento de fala, observou-se discriminação variando de muito pobre a moderada. Observou-se que em todas as provas com apoio da leitura orofacial, houve melhora significativa do ponto de vista clínico da percepção da fala. CONCLUSÃO: o uso da leitura orofacial em provas específicas facilita a percepção auditiva, contribuindo para uma comunicação mais efetiva.

PURPOSE: to evaluate the contribution of lip reading for the recognition of speech in patients with auditory neuropathy. METHODS: four subjects were included in the study according to the following criteria: adult patients with auditory neuropathy, with ages over eighteen and under sixty years; auditory neuropathy diagnosis given by the medical team and minimal literacy level. Speech perception tests were performed with and without lip reading, including dissyllabic and trissyllabic word recognition and open set sentence recognition. RESULTS: there was an important variation regarding the level of hearing loss in all the subjects; and a discrimination varying from poor to moderate was noted in relation to the speech recognition index. We observed that in all the tests with lip reading, there was a significant improvement of speech perception. CONCLUSION: the use of lip reading in specific situations enhances hearing perception, contributing for a more effective communication.