Research progress of tumor stroma ingredient and pathological features in gastric cancer / 中华消化外科杂志

The main components of the gastric tumor stroma consist of cells in both the immune and non-immune microenvironments. The effectiveness of a series of therapeutic measures such as adjuvant chemotherapy is closely related to the composition of gastric tumor stroma. By analyzing the components in the gastric tumor stroma, we understand the characteristics of the constituents in the pathological structure of gastric cancer, and further explore the connection of each component of the stroma with pathological structure and regulatory mechanisms of stroma components on the occurrence and progression of gastric tumors. Combined with artificial intel-ligence technology to analyze the pathological features related to stroma components of tumor microenvironment, the dynamic changes of immune microenvironment and non-immune microen-vironment in gastric cancer are expected to reveal.

Nodulos plantares dolorosos tras ejercicio intenso en paciente pediátrica: un reto diagnóstico / Painful nodules on the soles in a pediatric patient: a diagnostic challenge

Resumen: Introducción: La Hidradenitis palmoplantar ecrina idiopática (HPPI) es una dermatosis neutrofílica infrecuente, que cursa con nódulos eritematosos dolorosos de comienzo brusco en regiones plantares o palmoplantares, en niños que no tienen otra enfermedad subyacente. Objetivo: Presentar un caso que ilustra las principales características clínicas e histológicas de la HPPI. Caso Clínico: Niña de 11 años evaluada por nódulos eritematovioláceos dolorosos en planta de pie derecho de 48 horas de evo lución y fiebre de hasta 38,2 °C, sin antecedentes de interés salvo hiperhidrosis y práctica intensa de ejercicio en los días previos. Ante la sospecha clínica de HPPI se realizó biopsia cutánea, que mostró infiltrado inflamatorio neutrofílico alrededor de glándulas sudoríparas ecrinas y abscesos de neutrófilos, confirmando el diagnóstico. Se indicaron antiinflamatorios no esteroidales orales y reposo, con resolución de las lesiones en 7 días. Conclusiones: Este caso demuestra los aspectos más importantes de la HPPI. Esta entidad en muchos casos es infradiagnosticada, dado que puede confundirse con otras patologías que también cursan con nódulos acrales dolorosos, pero tienen distintas implicacio nes patogénicas y terapéuticas. Identificar apropiadamente la HPPI permite evitar la alarma innece saria, tanto en pacientes y sus padres, como en los propios dermatólogos y pediatras.

Abstract: Introduction: Idiopathic Palmoplantar Eccrine Hidradenitis (IPPH) is a rare neutrophilic derma tosis, with painful erythematous nodules of sudden onset in the plantar or palmoplantar region, in children without other underlying diseases. Objective: To present a case that shows the main clinical and histological characteristics of this entity. Clinical Case: 11-year-old girl with a 48-hours history of painful erythematous-violaceous nodules on the right foot plant associated with fever of up to 38.2 °C, with no history of interest except hyperhidrosis and intense exercising on previous days. Given the clinical suspicion of IPPH, a skin biopsy was performed, which showed inflammatory neutrophil infiltration around eccrine sweat glands and neutrophilic abscesses, confirming the diagnosis. Oral NSAIDs and rest were prescribed, with resolution of the lesions in 7 days. Conclusions: This case demonstrates the most important aspects of this entity, in many cases underdiagnosed, since it can be confused with other pathologies that occur with painful acral nodules, but have different pathogenic and therapeutic implications. To properly identify the IPPH allows preventing an unnecessary alarm, both patients and their parents, as in dermatologists and pediatricians themselves.

A pilot, controlled, randomized trial of life logy as a new complementary and alternative medicine technique in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome

Background:Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a complex disorder, with primary symptoms of pain and fatigue. No cure for FM yet exists and treatments have been largely disappointing. In most cases complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is used adjunctively to allopathic medicine. The present study aimed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of sessions of life logy technique as well as patients’ physical and mental improvement on patients with fibromyalgia. Methods:Fibromyalgia patients were recruited from a private CAM center in Beirut, Lebanon from May to June 2017. Eighty patients were included and randomly assigned (1:1) to a treatment and a control groups. Each patient received 5 life logy sessions through 5 weeks and assessed by visual analogue scale, fibromyalgia impact questionnaire and SF-36 at sixth week, third and sixth months follow-up.Results:The mean visual analog score, functional impairment and quality of life and SF-32 (physical and mental) scores in treatment groups were significantly decreased for time intervals (p=0.003, 0.0034 and 0.003), (p=0.002, 0.001and 0.001), (p=0.003, 0.005 and 0.002) and (p=0.002, 0.001 and 0.004); respectively.Conclusions:This pilot study suggests that life logy techniqueis a promising,durable,non-invasive, outpatient and inexpensivetechnique with a considerable effect on reducing pain and improving life quality in fibromyalgia patients. Further studies on a larger number of patients are needed.

Effect of Annona muricata Leaves Extract on Colon Antioxidant Status and Ketone Bodies in Blood and Urine of Cycas-treated Rats

The effect of Annona muricatamethanol leaf extract (AMELE) on colon antioxidant status and ketone bodies in blood and urine of cycas treated rats was investigated. Seventy male Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned into seven groups of ten experimental animals in a study that lasted for twenty-eight days. After 28 days, using standard methods, serum and urinary ketone bodies were assayed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidants enzymes in the colon and histopathological analysis were assayed. The results showed ketogenic diet had significant (p<0.05) increase in serum and urinary ketone body levels compared to other groups on normal feed. Annona muricataextract enhanced cellular consumption and uptake of ketone bodies whereas cycas reduced cellular consumption of ketone bodies. Annona muricatagiven either with ketogenic diet or cycas or with both ketogenic diet and cycas led to higher tissue levels of antioxidant enzymes. Tissue MDA levels were significantly (p<0.05)increased in all cycas treated groups compared to the control group with the highest levels seen in the two groups placed on normal feed and cycas. Lactate dehydrogenase activities were significantly (p<0.05) increases in all the groups placed on ketogenic diet compared to the groups placed on normal feed. Histopathological analysis revealed normal rat colon tissues in all the groups except 43% of the group 2 animals. This therefore indicates that cycas-induced oxidative stress and tissue injury may be mitigated by the combined administration of Annona muricataextract and ketogenic diet.

Optimization of Water Extraction Technology of Saikosaponin a and Saikosaponin d from Bupleurum chinense by Electroma- gnetic Cracking / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To establish the method for simultaneous determination of saikosaponin a and saikosaponin d in Bupleurum chinense water extract， and to optimize its water extraction technology for electromagnetic cracking. METHODS： HPLC method was used. The determination was performed on SB-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water （gradient elution） at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was 40 ℃. The detection wavelength was set at 210 nm， and  the sample size was 10 μL. Based on single factor experiment， using extraction time， particle size， solide-liquid ratio as factors， total extraction rate of saikosaponin a to saikosaponin d as indexes， the extraction technology was optimized by using Box-Behnken response surface methdology， and compared with the results of ultrasound method and decoction method. RESULTS： The linear range of saikosaponin a and saikosaponin d were 50.70-202.80 μg/mL （r＝0.999 9） and 50.50-202.00 μg/mL （r＝0.999 9）， respectively. The quantitation limits were 0.16 and 0.13 μg/mL， respectively. The detection limits were 0.05 and 0.04 μg/mL，respectively. RSDs of precision， stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2％. The average recoveries were 98.23-102.47％ （RSD＝1.80％， n＝6） and 98.84％-102.06％ （RSD＝1.60％， n＝6）. The optimal extraction technology was as follows： the extraction time of 2.50 min； the particle size of 80 mesh， solid-liquid ratio of 1 ∶ 28 （g/mL）. Results of 3 times of validation tests showed that the optimal technology included the average total extraction rates of saikosaponin a and saikosaponin d were 8.42 mg/g， which was higher than that of ultrasonic method （8.34 mg/g） and decoction method （8.06 mg/g）， and the extration time was shorter. CONCLUSIONS： Established method is simple and accurate， and can be used for simultaneous determination of saikosaponin a and saikosaponin d in B. chinense water extract. The optimized water extraction technology for electromagnetic cracking is stable and feasible.

Impacto de la Entrevista Motivacional en la Adherencia de Pacientes Diabéticos Inactivos a la Actividad Física: Estudio Piloto de un Ensayo Clínico EMQAGTIF - DM / The Motivational Interview's Impact on Inactive Diabetic Patients' Adherence to Physical Activity: A Pilot Study of a Clinical Trial / Impacto da Entrevista Motivacional na Adesão de Pacientes Diabéticos Inativos à Atividade Física: Estudo-piloto de um Ensaio Clínico EMÜACTIF-DM

Resumen Este artículo investiga la factibilidad y aceptabilidad de un ensayo clínico para evaluar el impacto de la entrevista moti vacional (EM) en la adherencia a la actividad física (AF) de pacientes inactivos con diabetes mellitus. En este ensayo se incluyeron treinta participantes; dieciséis recibieron EM con refuerzo telefónico durante 4 semanas, los restantes reci bieron cuidado convencional. Se evaluó AF, índice de masa corporal, nivel de glucosa en la sangre y autoeficacia hacia la AF. El grupo de intervención mostró mejoría significativa en la AF (p<.05) y el nivel de glucosa en la sangre (p<.05). Al tener en cuenta el cambio en IMC para un estudio a gran escala, el cálculo de la muestra oscila entre 710 y 950 pacientes. Para estudios de menor escala, si se tiene en cuenta el cambio en METS, glucemia y autoeficacia, el cálculo de la muestra oscila entre 34 y 272 pacientes.

Summary This article studies the feasibility and acceptability in a clinical trial of the impact of the motivational interview (MI) on inactive diabetic (diabetes mellitus) patients' adherence to physical activity (PA). This trial included thirty participants; sixteen received MI with telephone reinforcement for four weeks, the remaining received conventional care. PA, body mass index (BMI), blood glucose level and self-efficacy in PA were measured. The intervention group showed significant improvement in the PA (p<.05) and blood glucose level (p<.05). Taking into account the change in BMI for a large scale study, the calculation of the sample varies between 710 and 950 patients. For smaller-scale studies, taking into account the change in Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET), blood glucose, and self-efficacy, the sample calculation ranges be tween 34 and 272 patients.

Resumo Este artigo investiga a factibilidade e a aceitabilidade de um ensaio clínico para avaliar o impacto da entrevista motivacional (EM) na adesão à atividade física (AF) de pacientes inativos com diabetes mellitus. Neste ensaio, foram incluídos 30 participantes; 16 receberam EM com reforço telefônico durante quatro semanas; o restante recebeu cuidado conven cional. Avaliaram-se AF, índice de massa corporal (IMC), nível de glucose no sangue e autoeficácia para a AF. O grupo de intervenção mostrou melhoria significativa na AF (p<.05) e no nível de glucose no sangue (p<.05). Ao considerar a mudança no IMC para um estudo de grande escala, o cálculo da amostra varia entre 710 e 950 pacientes. Para estudos de menor escala, se for considerada a mudança no Equivalente Metabólico da Tarefa (METS), glicemia e autoeficácia, o cálculo da amostra oscila entre 34 e 272 pacientes.

Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum seropositivity in buffaloes in Paraiba State, Brazil / Fatores de risco associados à soropositividade para Toxoplasma gondii e Neospora caninum em búfalos no Estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil

The aims of this survey were to determine the frequency of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies and to identify the risk factors associated with seropositivity among buffaloes in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. This survey included 136 buffaloes belonging to 14 herds. To detect anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies, the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was used. Among the 136 samples analyzed, 17 (12.5%) were positive for anti-T. gondii antibodies with titers ranging from 64 to 1,024, and 26 (19.1%) for anti-N. caninum with titers from 200 to 1,600. Animals seropositive for both T. gondii and N. caninum were found in 10 of the 14 herds (71.4%). Semi-intensive management systems (odds ratio = 2.99) and presence of pigs (odds ratio = 4.33) were identified as risk factors for T. gondii and N. caninum, respectively. It can be suggested that T. gondii and N. caninum are widespread in buffaloes in Paraíba, and that additional surveys are needed in order to ascertain the importance of these agents for this species and for pigs, and the influence of the farming type on occurrences of seropositive animals.

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram determinar a frequência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii e anti-Neospora caninum e identificar os fatores de risco associados com as soropositividades em búfalos do Estado da Paraíba, Brasil. Foram utilizados 136 búfalos oriundos de 14 propriedades. Para a detecção de anticorpos anti-T. gondii e anti-N. caninum, foi empregada a reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI). Das 136 amostras analisadas, 17 (12,5%) foram positivas para anticorpos anti-T. gondii, com títulos variando de 64 a 1.024; e 26 (19,1%) para anticorpos anti-N. caninum, com títulos de 200 a 1.600. Das 14 propriedades, em 10 (71,4%) houve animais soropositivos tanto para T. gondii como para N. caninum. O manejo semi-intensivo (odds ratio = 2,99) e a presença de suínos (odds ratio = 4,33) foram identificados como fatores de risco para T. gondii e N. caninum, respectivamente. Sugere-se que T. gondii e N. caninum estão disseminados em búfalos do Estado da Paraíba, bem como a necessidade de mais estudos acerca da importância desses agentes nessa espécie e em suínos, e da influência do tipo de criação na ocorrência de animais soropositivos.

Describir, comprender, narrar: recorridos y senderos de una psico(pato)logía / Describing, understanding, narrating: tours and paths of a phenomenological psycho(patho)logy

De Husserl a Ricoeur, constituyen temáticas que nos convocan hoy, aniversario de la publicación de Idea I Husserl, centenario del nacimiento de Ricoeur y de la publicación de la Psicopatología. ¿Qué importancia han tenido estos autores en la reflexión psicológica y psicopatológica? El recorrido que pasa por el describir, comprender y explicar en Dilthey y Jaspers hasta Binswanger, obliga sin embargo a realizar un giro, una torsión en el interpretar de Ricoeur. Se abren entonces senderos no marcados aún, "Holzwege" diría Heidegger, que nos lanzan a nuevas lecturas.

From Husserl's to Ricoeur's thought, there are topics that call for us today, anniversary of the publication of Husserl's Idea 1,100th anniversary of Ricoeur' birth and the publication of Jaspers' Psychopathology. What's the importance of these authors in Psychological and Psychopathological reflection? The tour goes through describing, understanding and explaining in Dilthey and Jaspers to Binswanger. It forces however to make a turn, a twisting in the interpreting of Ricoeur. Then, it opens paths not marked yet, "Holzwege", Heidegger would say, throwing us to new readings.

Detection and monitoring technologies for life signals / 医疗卫生装备

The detection and monitoring of life signals such as heartbeat, respir ation, bloodpressure and temperature are often used to determine the patient's death. On the basis of the theory of military medical service, this paper discus ses life signals detection and monitoring technologies in the field of military medicine. With the progress of sciences, technologies and informatization of Chi nese PLA, life signals detection and monitoring technologies, based on informati on technology, microelectronic technology, communication technology and etc, wil l be more and more important in the development of digital medical equipment.

Diversity of feeding adaptations in certain columbid birds: A functional morphological approach.

With gradual increasing complexity in higher vertebrate structure and function, the birds as a class have acquired very high degree of feeding adaptations for diverse food-niches. A comparative functional morphological study of the feeding apparatus of 6 species of columbid birds showing diversification in their food-habits reveals that some correlations exist between the form-function complexes of the feeding apparatus and the extent of diversity of food-habits shown by these birds. Among the species of columbid birds selected for the Study, Columba and Streptopelia are ground feeders and predominantly grain-eaters, although quite often they invade diversified food-niches. Treron and Ducula, on the other hand, are almost exclusively fruit-eaters, plucking and swallowing fruits from the lofty tree branches, While Columba and Streptopelia show better kinesis of their jaws for ground-pecking, Treron. and Ducula possess wider gape as well as stronger grasp of their bill for plucking off, grasping and swallowing large-sized fruits. Consequently, the size and pinnateness of the jaw muscles in these fruit-pigeons have developed far greater than those observed in Columba and Streptopelia. Further, in Treron and Ducula, the thick and broad ‘venter externus’ slip of the M. pterygoideus ensures complete closure of the bill and possibly prevent any excess lateral expansion of the mandibular rami. Similar correlations have also been observed between the tongue features of columbid birds and the diversity of their feeding adaptation.