RESUMEN
Objective: To establish an adult rat model of lung blast injury in laboratory for providing a reliable rat model for the diagnosis and treatment of lung blast injury. Methods: According to the different injury driving pressure of BST-I biological shock tube, 40 adult SD male rats aged 7 to 8 weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups (10 each): 4.5 MPa group, 4.8 MPa group, 5.0 MPa group and 5.5 MPa group. The general physiological and 24-hour survival status of rats in each group were recorded before and after modeling. The survived rats 24 h after modeling were anesthetized and then killed, and the chest anatomy was performed. The characteristics of lung injury were observed, the degree of lung tissue injury was graded using organ injury scaling (OIS) and abbreviated injury scale (AIS). Furthermore, the left lower part of lung tissue was taken for routine pathological section, and the degree of lung tissue injury was observed under light microscope. Results: All rats were successfully modeled and survived 24 h after injury, and showed shortness of breath and accelerated heart rate without hematuria and blood stool. There were significant differences among the four groups in bleeding rate of external auditory canal, anal temperature and pulmonary bleeding area (P5.0 MPa>4.8 MPa>4.5MPa. Under light microscope, rats in the four groups showed varying degrees of pulmonary hemorrhage, edema and atelectasis, and the lung tissue was ruptured. Conclusion: The stable adult SD rat models of mild, moderate, severe and extremely severe lung blast injury have been established.