In-vivo Analgesic and In-vitro Cytoprotective Potential of Various Leaf Extracts of Pongamia pinnata

Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre is a medium sized glabrous, perennial tree which grows in the littoral regions of South Eastern Asia and Australia. In the Indian Ayurvedic medicine, different parts of the plant have been used for pain relief in various disorders. The present study investigated the potential of different leaf extracts of Pongamia pinnata as an analgesic agent in rodents and our aim was also to study in-vitro cytoprotective effects of the various extracts from leaves of the plant. Different leaf extracts of Pongamia pinnata i.e. aqueous, alcoholic, acetone and chloroform were investigated for analgesic activity at the dose rate of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg in Wistar rats. For the assessment of analgesic activity, tail flick method was used. In-vitro cytoprotective activity of various leaf extracts (at concentrations of 5% and 10%) was evaluated in ATCC acquired MDBK cell lines and for this study, cytotoxicity was induced by thiomethoxam. It was observed that almost all the extracts demonstrated the dose dependent analgesic activity with maximum response in the aqueous extract group @ 100 mg/kg when compared to control. For cytoprotective study, oxidative stress parameters- catalase, LPO, SOD and GPx were determined. Study on analgesic activity revealed the presence of dose dependent effect in all extracts with highest effect in aqueous extract of Pongamia pinnata. We believe that triterpene alkaloids and steroidal principles present in the plant products might be responsible for the analgesic effect

Cocultura de embriões Mus musculus com monocamadas de células de linhagens primária e contínua em um sistema sem fluxo externo de CO2 / Coculture of Mus musculus embryos with monolayers of primary and continuous lineages in a system without external CO2 flow

A eficiência de três monocamadas celulares (linhagem contínua - células Madin and Darby Bovine Kidney/ MDBK;linhagem primária - células de útero e de oviduto bovino) foi testada para verificar a existência de especificidade celular através do desenvolvimento de embriões, desde o estádio de duas células até o de mórula compacta, em um sistema de cocultura sem fluxo externo de CO2. Depois da seleçâo, os embriões (n = 343) foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em diferentes tubos de ensaio, os quais foram colocados a 37°C durante 72 horas. Após o período de cocultura, as porcentagens de mórulas compactas obtidas foram de 87,7 por cento em células de oviduto, 86,2 por cento na monocamada de células uterinas e 88,3 por cento na de células MDBK. Não foi observada diferen- ça significativa entre esses valores e, por isso mesmo, conclui-se que a especificidade celular não é importante para o desenvolvimento in vitro de embriões Mus musculus.

The efficiency of three monolayers (continuous lineage - Madin and Darby Bovine Kidney/ MDBK; primary lineage - bovine celisfrom uterus and oviduct) hás been tested to verify the celular specificity through development of two cells embryos until compact morulaes stage in a coculture system without continuous CO2 flow. The selected mouse embryos (n=343) were randomiy divided into three experimental groups andplaced in closed culture tubes mantained aí 37°C during 72 hours. After the co-culture period, the porcentages of compact morulaes were 87.7 percent in oviduct cells, 86.2 percent in uterus monolayer and 88.3 percent in MDBK cells. It was not observed significative difference between these results and it is possible to condude that celular specificity is not importam to enhance the In vitro development of Mus musculus embryos.