Mexican Validation of the MOS Questionnaire on Perceived Social Support in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a very negative impact on people's overall mental health and psychosocial well-being, but the study of available social support to cope with such an adverse situation has received hardly any attention. Objective: To examine the psychometric properties of the MOS Perceived Social Support Questionnaire among the Mexican population in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Non-experimental cross-sectional study. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Medical Outcomes Study were applied in a non-probabilistic sample. A total of 898 people from different regions in Mexico, 258 males and 640 females, participated in the study in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The analysis yielded a bi-factor model with two factors, Emotional/informational support and Tangible support, with satisfactory goodness of fit indices. Reliability was adequate with a high hierarchical omega coefficient, as well as in the factors. Likewise, the H coefficient was adequate in the general factor and its dimensions. Conclusions: Results showed that the scale is a valid and reliable measure of perceived social support among the Mexican population.

Introducción: La pandemia de COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto muy negativo en la salud mental y el bienestar psicosocial general de las personas, pero el estudio del apoyo social disponible para hacer frente a una situación tan adversa como esta ha recibido muy poca atención. Objetivo: Examinar las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario MOS de Apoyo Social Percibido en población mexicana en contexto de pandemia por COVID-19. Método: Diseño no experimental transversal. Se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y el Medical Outcomes Study en una muestra no probabilística por conveniencia. Participaron 898 personas de diferentes regiones de México, 258 hombres y 640 mujeres, durante el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19. Resultados: El análisis arrojó un modelo Bi-factor de dos factores Apoyo emocional/ informacional y Apoyo tangible, con índices de bondad que se ajustaron a los datos. La fiabilidad fue adecuada con un coeficiente de omega jerárquico alto, así como en los factores. Asimismo, el coeficiente H fue adecuado en el factor general y sus dimensiones. Conclusiones: La escala presenta validez y confiabilidad para medir el apoyo social percibido en población mexicana.

Quality of life and its influencing factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in Hangzhou City / 预防医学

Objective @#To investigate the quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS in Hangzhou City and analyze the influencing factors, so as to provide insights into the control of AIDS.@*Methods @#From 1 January 2014 to 30 June 2018, the demographic characteristics, medical expenditures and disease status were collected from HIV/AIDS patients living in Hangzhou City, and the quality of life was assessed using the simplified Chinese version of Medical Outcomes Study-HIV Health Survey ( MOS-HIV ). Factors affecting the quality of life were identified among HIV/AIDS patients using multivariable linear regression analysis. @*Results @#A total of 2 808 HIV/AIDS patients were surveyed, including 1 684 cases with HIV infections and 1 124 cases with AIDS. The participants included 2 510 men ( 89.39% ) and 298 women ( 10.61% ), and were predominantly at ages of 25 to 39 years ( 1 531 cases, 54.52% ). The physical and mental health scores were 53.87±6.96 and 46.03±9.09, respectively. Multivariable linear regression analysis identified age, average monthly income, self-paid medical expenses during the past year, and the latest CD4+T cell count as factors affecting physical and mental health ( P<0.05 ).@*Conclusions @#The quality of life is low among people living with HIV/AIDS in Hangzhou City, and is associated with age, income, medical expenditures and CD4+T cell count.

Caso Clínico: Fractura expuesta grave del dedo índice. Cirugía de rescate con colgajo adipofascial vascularizado homodigital reverso / Case report: Severe index finger open fracture. Surgical rescue with homodigital vascularized adipofascial reverse flap.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los traumas de mano tienen una alta incidencia alrededor del mundo y representan alrededor del 30% de todos los accidentes y visitas a servicios de urgencias, siendo las lesiones de la punta del dedo un subtipo común de trauma de mano. El manejo inicial y la elección del tratamiento adecuado son importantes, el principal objetivo es la cobertura de tejidos para así evitar amputaciones innecesarias, prevenir complicaciones y pérdida de funcionalidad. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente masculino de 32 años que sufrió trauma por aplastamiento en mano derecha que produce herida con pérdida de tejido en falanges distales de segundo y tercer dedo y amputación traumática parcial de falange distal del segundo dedo. EVOLUCIÓN: Se realizó técnica quirúrgica de colgajo adipofascial vascularizado homodigital reverso en segundo dedo y manejo conservador de fractura, sin complicaciones. Se llevó un control semanal por 2 meses con resultados funcionales, biológicos y estéticos favorables. El tercer dedo se trató con limpieza quirúrgica y colocación de vendaje suboclusivo con evolución favorable. CONCLUSIÓN: El colgajo adipofascial dorsal homodigital reverso tiene varias ventajas sobre otros tipos de colgajos más convencionales; es una técnica simple, segura y confiable, con buenos resultados postquirúrgicos en cuando a funcionalidad, estética y recuperación, requiere de un solo tiempo quirúrgico y brinda la cobertura necesaria de los tejidos expuestos tanto óseos como blandos, con mínima morbilidad del sitio donante.(au)

BACKGROUND: Hand trauma has a high incidence worldwide, it accounts nearly 30% of all trauma and medical visits to emergency rooms, fingertip injuries are the most common among hand trauma. The initial management and the proper choice of treatment are important, the main objective is to achieve adequate tissue coverage, in order to avoid unnecessary amputation, prevent complications and functionality loss. CASE REPORT: A 32-year-old male patient presented with crush trauma on right hand resulting in injuries with tissue loss on the fingertips of the second and third finger and traumatic partial amputation of the distal phalanx of the second finger. EVOLUTION: Surgical technique of homodigital vascularized adipofascial reverse flap was performed in second finger and the fracture was managed conservatively, without complications. A weekly follow up was carried out for 2 months with favorable functional, biological and aesthetic results. The third finger was treated with surgical irrigation and debridement and placement of a sub-occlusive bandage, with favorable outcome. CONCLUSION: Homodigital adipofascial reverse dorsal flap has advantages over other types of conventional flaps; it is a simpler, safe and reliable technique, with good postsurgical outcomes in terms of functionality, aesthetics and recovery, needing only one intervention and offering the appropriate coverage to exposed bone and soft tissue, with minimal repercussions on the donor site.(au)

Reliability and validity of self-rated Family Burden Scale in families of the patients with anorexia nervosa / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective • To explore the reliability and validity of self-rated Family Burden Scale (FBS) evaluating caregiver burden in families of the patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). Methods • The study included female AN patients (n=103) treated in the Eating Disorder Center of Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from Jul. 2017 to Jul. 2019 and their caregivers (parents, n=148). General demographic information of the patients and their caregivers, the course of illness and body mass index (BMI) of patients, and the time each caregiver spent in caring for the patient per day were recorded. FBS, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the MOS item short form health survey (SF-36) were self-rated by the caregivers. One-third of the caregivers were selected by random number method for FBS rating by specialists. The reliability of the scale was evaluated by calculating Cronbach's α coefficient, self-rating and other-rating consistency and the consistency between husband and wife (41 couples). The validity of the scale was evaluated by calculating the correlation of FBS score with the course of disease, patients' BMI, the time spent in caring per day, scores of BAI and BDI, and vitality, social function, role-emotion and mental health domain of SF-36. Results • The Cronbach's α coefficient of FBS was 0.921, the correlation coefficient between self-rating and other-rating by specialists was 0.705 (P=0.000), and the correlation coefficient of consistency score between couples was 0.547 (P=0.000). FBS score showed no correlation with the course of disease, %BMI and the time spent in caring per day. Scores of BAI and BDI, and vitality, social function, role-emotion and mental health domain of SF-36 showed low correlation with FBS score (all P<0.05). Conclusion • Self-rated FBS shows good reliability when used in families of AN patients. The validity is not as ideal, which suggests further revision of the scale.

Effect of ginger-separated moxibustion on fatigue, sleep quality and depression in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of ginger-separated moxibustion on fatigue, sleep quality and depression in the patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.@*METHODS@#A total of 62 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome were randomized into an observation group (31 cases, 3 cases dropped off) and a control group (31 cases, 2 cases dropped off). In the control group, the patients had normal diet and proper physical exercise. In the observation group, on the basis of the control group, the ginger-separated moxibustion was added at Zhongwan (CV 12), Shenque (CV 8) and Guanyuan (CV 4), 30 min each time, once every two days, 3 times weekly. Separately, before treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment, the MOS item short form health survey (SF-36), the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scale and the self-rating depression scale (SDS) were adopted to evaluate the degrees of fatigue, sleep quality and depression in the patients of the two groups.@*RESULTS@#In the observation group, the score of each item of SF-36, the score of each item of PSQI and SDS score after treatment were all improved significantly as compared with those before treatment respectively (<0.05, <0.01). In the control group, the scores of overall health, vitality and mental health in SF-36 and the score of sleep time of PSQI after treatment were improved as compared with those before treatment respectively (<0.05). After treatment, the score of each item of SF-36, the scores of sleep quality, sleep time, sleep efficiency and sleep disorders of PSQI, as well as SDS score in the observation group were all better than those in the control group respectively (<0.01, <0.05). The score of SF-36 was relevant to the scores of PSQI and SDS in the patients of chronic fatigue syndrome ( =0.331, <0.05; =-0.706, <0.01). The improvement value of SF-36 score was closely related to the improvement value of SDS score in the observation group ( =-0.657, <0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#The ginger-separated moxibustion effectively relieves fatigue and depression condition and improves sleep quality in the patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. The fatigue condition is relevant with sleep quality and depression condition to a certain extent in the patients.

Estructura factorial del Cuestionario de Apoyo Social MOS en ancianos colombianos con dolor crónico / Factorial structure of the MOS Social Support Survey among senior and elder Colombian population diagnosed with chronic pain

Resumen El Cuestionario de Apoyo Social MOS es uno de los instrumentos que más se utilizan en la investigación y en la práctica gerontológica, pero no hay estudios acerca de su validez para la evaluación de ancianos colombianos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue valorar si la estructura de 4 factores descrita en otras poblaciones es válida, estudiar la fiabilidad y determinar diferencias atribuibles a género y convivencia con una pareja. Se trabajó con una muestra intencional de 463 mayores, de diversas regiones de Colombia. El análisis estadístico de los ítems evidenció ausencia de normalidad y altas correlaciones inter ítems e ítemescala (superiores a .60), por lo que se seleccionó el método de Mínimos Cuadrados no Ponderados (ULS) para el análisis factorial confirmatorio, con el que se evaluaron tres modelos (de un factor, de tres y de cuatro factores correlacionados) siendo el de 4 factores el que obtuvo mejores índices (NFI=.997; AGFI=.996; RMR=.056; NFI=.996). Los coeficientes alfa de las subescalas estaban entre .86 y .98. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en apoyo social percibido atribuibles al género y a tener pareja. Los resultados sustentan la validez del cuestionario MOS para la evaluación del apoyo social percibido por adultos mayores colombianos con dolor crónico.

Abstract Perceived social support refers to one's confidence that social support or resources are available if needed. It is related to health and quality of life in elderly, so it is recommended to be evaluated. The Social Support Survey MOS have been used but there is no evidence about its validity in Colombian ancient people with chronic pain. The aim of this study was to assess the factorial structure and reliability for the Social Support Survey MOS among a group of elderly people with chronic muskuloesqueletal pain; furthermore, differences between gender and married were investigated. 463 old people of different regions of Colombia were assessed with MOS and with a sociodemographic interview. Cronbach ranged between .86 y .98. Item correlations were higher than .60. The model of 4 correlated factors showed good fit (NFI= .997, AGFI= .996, RMR= .056 y GFI= .996), as shown by similar studies in other populations. Differences in social support perceived by gender and marital status were found. The results support the validity for the MOS to evaluate social support in ancient Colombian people with chronic muskuloesqueletal pain.

Clinical effect of Morinda officinalis How oligosaccharide capsule combined with psychological therapy in the treatment of postpartum depression / 中国基层医药

Objective To observe the clinical effect of Morinda officinalis How oligosaccharide capsule (MOs) combined with psychological therapy in the treatment of postpartum depression .Methods 60 patients with postpartum depression were randomly divided into two groups ,30 cases in each group.The control group was adopted the psychological therapy,and the observation group received combined treatment of MOs and psychological therapy . The HAMD-17 and Chinese medicine scale for the quality of kidney deficiency syndrome (CMSKDS) were used to assess the treatment effect after 2,4,6 weeks treatment.The TESS was adopted to evaluate the side effect of treatment . Results There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups on HAMD and CMSKDS before treatment(all P >0.05).After treatment,the effective rates of HAMD and CMSKDS (reducing score ≥25%) of the two groups were 67.62%(control group) and 70.00%(observation group),the defferences between the two groups were statistically significant (all P <0.01).There was no statistically significant difference in TESS result ( P >0.05).Conclusion The clinical effect of combined MOs and psychological therapy in the treatment of postnatal depression is remarkable,with little side effect,which can be strongly recommended .

Summary of the application MOS 36-Item Short-Form health survey in the traditional Chinese medicine treatment of rheumatism / 国际中医中药杂志

MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey has been widely recognized, but the application in the field of traditional Chinese medicine rheumatism was less. This article aimed to summarize the application of MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey in Chinese medicine for rheumatism. This may provide certain reference for the future application.

Calidad de vida en portadores del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana en tratamiento antirretroviral

Introducción: la determinación de la calidad de vida en pacientes con virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) conlleva a un gran impacto social no sólo en relación a las repercusiones económicas y políticas para el tratamiento y prevención del mismo, sino también permitiría considerarlas en las decisiones de salud fomentando factores protectores y de bienestar. Objetivos: determinar la calidad de vida en pacientes con VIH que reciben tratamiento en el Hospital Nacional de Itauguá en el año 2015. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, de corte transverso, que incluyó a 102 pacientes portadores de VIH en tratamiento antirretroviral que acudían al Hospital Nacional de mayo a octubre del 2015. Se utilizó el cuestionario MOS-SF-30 y mediciones inmunológicas del CD4 y carga viral. Resultados: 54,9% de los encuestados fueron mujeres y 45,1% varones, con edades comprendidas entre 17 y 63 años. La totalidad de los mismos trabajaba. En el 100% la transmisión fue por vía sexual. En cuanto a la cantidad de CD4 se halló un rango entre 3 y 1530 cel/mm³. El 70,59% presentaba carga viral indetectable en el momento de la encuesta. En cuanto a la percepción de la calidad de vida, 66,67% de los sujetos refería poseer una muy buena calidad de vida, en contraste con la suma total del puntaje donde sólo el 8,8% de los mismos se situó por encima del percentil 90. Conclusiones: la mayoría de los encuestados percibía un mejor estado de salud y calidad de vida en contraste al puntaje total de calidad de vida relacionado a la salud obtenida.

Introduction: Determination of the quality of life in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has a great social impact not only in relation to economic and political repercussions for the treatment and prevention but also it would allow their consideration in health decisions encouraging protective and welfare factors. Objectives: To determine the quality of life of HIV patients who receive treatment in the National Hospital of Itauguá in 2015. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study that included 102 HIV patients receiving antiretroviral therapy and attending the National Hospital from May to October, 2015. The MOS-SF-30 was used and immunological determinations of CD4 and viral load were made. Results: 54.9% were women and 45.1% men, with ages between 17 and 63 years old. All of them worked. In 100%, transmission was by sexual via. In relation to the quantity of CD4, the range was between 3 and 1,530 cell/mm³. The 70.59% presented undetectable viral load at the time of the survey. Concerning the perception of quality of life, 66.67% referred having a very good quality of life in contrast to the total sum of the score where only 8.8% of them were above the 90th percentile. Conclusions: Most of the surveyed patients perceived a better health state and quality of life in contrast to the total score of health related quality of life obtained.

Deficiency of rpoS is the major factor leading to attenuation of Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis vaccine strain C500 / 中国人兽共患病学报

Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis strain C500 is a live attenuated vaccine that has been widely used in Chi‐na for over 50 years to prevent piglet paratyphoid .However ,as C500 is obtained by chemical methods ,the genetic background of this strain remained unclear .In this study ,we compared the genomic differences between the virulent reference strain C 78‐2 and C500 by suppression subtractive hybridization combined with the mirror orientation selection method (MOS‐SSH ) .Six genes (asr ,ydgF ,ydgD ,ydgE ,rpoS ,and ptsG) were lost in C500 strain .Using real‐time PCR analysis ,we demonstrated that the genes regulated by rpoS ,a vital transcriptional regulator playing an important role in Salmonella infection ,were downregulated in C500 .Additionally ,the virulence of the rpoS mutant strain C78‐2ΔrpoS was 100 000 times lower than the parental strain in BALB/c mice .So loss of rpoS gene is the major factor leading to the attenuation of C500 strain .

Effects of liver-discharging and stomach-harmonizing therapy on quality of life in senile patients with reflux esophagitis / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To observe the effects of liver-discharging and stomach-harmonizing therapy on quality of life in senile patients with reflux esophagitis and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on chronic diseases. Methods Sixty patients with senile reflux esophagitis selected from in-patients and out-patients of Henan Province Hospital of TCM from March 2012 to October 2013 were randomly divided into experimental group and control group(each,30 patients). The experimental group was treated with Xiaoyao powder (its ingredients could be added or subtracted according to the patient's individual situation)combined with omeprazole and domperidone,while in the control group,only western drugs,omeprazole and domperidone were applied. The therapies in both groups lasting for 8 weeks constituted one therapeutic course. The MOS 36-item short form healthy survey(SF-36)was used to evaluate the degree of improvement of patients,quality of life,and clinical effects and adverse drug reaction were observed. Results The total scores of SF-36,physical and mental health scores of both groups were increased significantly,and the degree of elevation in scores in the experimental group was markedly higher than that in the control group(total scores of SF-36:124.2±11.5 vs. 117.1±10.9,physical health scores:67.9±5.3 vs. 62.9±6.2,mental health scores:56.1±6.7 vs. 55.0±6.6,all P<0.05). The total effective rate of experimental group was much superior to that of control group(96.7%vs. 80.0%,P<0.05). No obvious adverse reactions happened in the two groups. Conclusion Liver-discharging and stomach-harmonizing therapy can improve the quality of life in aged patients with reflux esophagitis.

Seguimiento de pacientes en estado postoperatorio de cirugías ambulatorias a través de la Web / Monitoring patients in an ambulatory post-surgery state through the Web

Objetivo: Analizar la pertinencia de un software ideado para al monitoreo de pacientes en estado postoperatorio de cirugías ambulatorias. Metodología: Se describe un sistema Web desarrollado. Se describe cómo trabaja la aplicación y se valida la funcionalidad del sistema teniendo en cuenta el criterio y percepción de un equipo médico seleccionado bajo la realización de una prueba piloto. Resultados: Percepción positiva por parte del equipo médico respecto al entorno visual del sistema, su funcionalidad y pertinencia para el cuidado postoperatorio en pacientes de cirugías ambulatorias. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos son positivos en el sentido de la valoración que le da el personal clínico a la funcionalidad de la aplicación, y muestra que sería útil su implementación para el mayor control de los pacientes en estado postoperatorio de cirugías ambulatorias.

Objective: Analyze the pertinence of the software routed to the monitoring of patients in an ambulatory post-surgery state. Methodology: A structured Web tool is described. It is shown how the application works and validates the functionality of the system taking into account the criterion and the perception of a pre selected medical staff in order to perform a pilot test. Results: Positive Perception by medical team respect to the visual ambiance of tool, its functionality and its pertinence for the patients in an ambulatory post-surgery state care. Conclusions: The obtained results are positives in the sense of worth that clinical staff gives to the application's functionality, demonstrating that it could be very useful its implementation for a better control of patients in an ambulatory post-surgery state.

Effect of Vertebroplasty on Quality of Life in Patients with Vertebral Metastases / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To explore the effect of vertebroplasty on quality of life in patients with vertebral metastases. Methods 12 cases of vertebral metastases were collected from Jannuary, 2011 to November, 2012, all the cases were treated with vertebroplasty, MOS health survey 36-item Short Form and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used to evaluate the quality of life and pain symptom before and 1 week and 1 month after operation. Results There was no difference in the score of role physical (RP) and role emotional (RE). And there was an upward trend in the score of physical function (PF), vitality (VT), social function (SF) and mental health (MH). The score of bodily pain (BP) increased 1 week after operation, and decreased 1 month after operation. The score of general health (GH) decreased after 1 week and 1 month. The score of VAS were significantly lower 1 week and 1 month after operation than before operation (P<0.001). And the pain im-provement rate was 61.46%and 59.76%respectively. Conclusion The vertebroplasty can improve the quality of life and alleviated the pain symptom in patients with vertebral metastases in a short period.

Difference of the Heart Rate Variability According to the Social Support Level in a County / 정신신체의학

OBJECTIVES: The present study takes part of the agricultural district cohort study of a certain county located in Gyeonggido and aims to investigate the difference of the heart rate variability(HRV) according to the social support level. METHODS: We used data from 1727 participants of a health promotion program who are older than 40 years old. A physical examination, as well as a one-to-one interview to obtain sociodemographic characteristics, was performed with each participant. In addition, the participants completed the Medical Outcomes Study-Social Support Survey(MOS-SSS) for their the social support level to be assessed, and their HRV were measured to evaluate their autonomic function. The entire group was divided in two groups according to its MOS-SSS points to facilitate the research. Those who were evaluated as the high 25%(432 persons) were denominated as high social support (HSS) group and those who were evaluated as the low 25%(425 persons) were denominated as poor social support(PSS) group. RESULTS: The two groups showed significant differences on the sociodemographic factor such as mean age and gender composition(p<0.05). Comparing the indices related to the HRV, the HSS group had the following values higher than the PSS group : SDNN(F=4.938, p=0.027), TP(F=8.088, p=0.005), VLF(F=6.220, p=0.013) LF (F=3.873, p=0.049). CONCLUSION: According to the research, the PSS group showed dysfunction on their autonomic nervous system comparing to the HSS group. The social support helps an individual overcome difficulties, helps the adaptation during the changes of circumstances and in stressful situations it serves like a buffer. Based on that, it's possible to define that a low social support level gave an impact on the autonomic function. Also, using the fact that the HRV can evaluate the autonomic function in an objective view, it was possible to visualize that it has a potential to be used as an assistant factor to evaluate the social support.

Application of condensed Chinese version of the MOS 36-item short form health survey in assessment of quality of life among adult patients with Kashin-Beck disease in Gansu province / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the application of condensed Chinese version of the MOS 36-item short form health survey (SF-36) in assessment of quality of life among adult patients with Kashin-Beck disease,and to provide a scientific basis in rehabilitation of the patients.Methods Four hundred and twenty seven eases of adult patients with Kashin-Back disease and 419 healthy individuals randomly selected in Kashin-Beck disease endemic areas in 8 counties of Gansu province were surveyed with the SF-36.The reliability of the SF-36 was assessed by split-half reliability and Cronbach's α coefficient and the validity through principal component factor analysis and correlation analysis,etc.The dimension scores of different people were obtained by analysis of variance and univariate t-test.Results The split-half reliability of all the 8 dimensions was greater than 0.6 and the Cronbach's α coefficient was greater than 0.8; the pearson correlate coefficients of all the items to their dimensions were greater than 0.391.SF-36 contained 8 domains and 2 summary scales in the factor analysis.The score differences of quality of life in different ages of the patients,different stages of the disease were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The SF-36 is practical in studying the quality of life among adult patients with Kashin-Beck Disease.

Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of MOS-HIV among HIV-infected individuals receiving HAART / 中国艾滋病性病

Objective To develop the Chinese version of the 35-item Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey (MOS-HIV) and to assess the reliability and validity of MOS-HIV among HIV-infected individuals.Methods Between April and July of 2007,a croas-sectional survey of 758 HIV-infected individuals was conducted.Responses to the MOS- HIV were analyzed for its reliability and validity.Results Pearson's correlation coefficients of items for test-retest relia- bility ranged from 0.46-0.92,all internal consistency reliability coefficients exceeded 0.69,and all items were more strongly correlated with hypothesized scale than any other scale.Eight scales of MOS-HIV were significantly associated with CD_4 cell counts.Conclusions The Chinese version of MOS-HIV offers good reliability and validity and can be used as a tool to assess the quality of life of HIV infected individuals in China,thus providing evidence for further studying AIDS related quality of life in this country.

Influence of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome on the quality of life of the patients / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome on the quality of life of the patients. METHODS The quality of life was assessed with the Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 Health Survey in 145 patients with OSAHS and 17 snorers without OSAHS. Excessive Daytime Sleepiness was assessed with Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Pearson linear correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used to study the association between each domain score of SF-36 and patients information,PSG parameters,EDS scores. RESULTS Three domains of SF-36 correlated negatively with Body Mass Index. Four domains correlated negatively with EDS. Three domains and total score correlated significantly with the lowest oxygen saturation. Two domains correlated negatively with the longest time of apnea. AHI and the lowest oxygen saturation have a mild side effect on the quality of life. BMI and EDS score have significantly side effect on the quality of the life. CONCLUSION Comparing to the mild OSAHS patients and snorers without OSAHS,the severe OSAHS patients have worse quality of life. EDS score and BMI have a significantly side effect on the severe OSAHS patients. OSAHS has a side effect on the quality of life of the patients.

Estructura familiar y redes de apoyo en los adultos mayores que acuden al centro de experiencia del adulto mayor CEAM - Quito / Family structure and support networks in older adults who come to the experience center for older adults CEAM - Quito

Objetivo: Describir las características de la estructura familiar y de las redes de apoyo social de las y los ancianos que acuden al centro de Experiencias del Adulto Mayor en Quito. Métodos: Realizamos un estudio cuantitativo, de corte transversal, con muestreo intencionado y al azar, en 42 adultos mayores usuarios del CEAM, en diciembre del 2004. La información se recolectó mediante familiogramas y la aplicación del cuestionario MOS de apoyo social. Resultados: En las 42 encuastas válidas la edad promedio fue 71.88 años; el 69% fueron ancianos jóvenes, el 22.2% ancianos medios, 4.8% ancianos frágiles. El 40.5% tienen familias extensas, 7.1% monoparentales 4.8% nucleares íntegras, 9.5% nucleares ampliadas y 38.1% son no clasificadas que se caracterizan por vivir solos. El promedio de amigos íntimos y familiares cercanos fue de 4.83 personas, moda de 3, desviación estándar de 6.99 y un rango entre 0 y 37. Los porcentajes encontrados en la escala máxima, media y mínima para el índice global de MOS fueron del 19%, 71,4% Y 9,5% respectivamente al diferenciar por tipos de familias el 100% de personas que reciben apoyo instrumental mínimo viven solas, el 100% que reciben apoyo instrumental máximo son familiares monoparentales. En las familias extensas, monoparentales y nucleares ampliadas no se encontraron categorías mínimas en el componente afectivo.

Objective: Describe the characteristics of the family structure and social support networks of people and the elderly who come to the Experiences Center for the Elderly in Quito. Methods: We carried out a quantitative cross-sectional study, with intentional and random sampling, in 42 elderly CEAM users, in December 2004. The information was collected using familiograms and the application of the MOS questionnaire on social support. Results: In the 42 valid surveys, the average age was 71.88 years; 69% were young elderly, 22.2% middle aged, 4.8% frail elderly. 40.5% have extended families, 7.1% single-parent 4.8% whole nuclear, 9.5% extended nuclear and 38.1% are unclassified, characterized by living alone. The average of close friends and close family members was 4.83 people, mode of 3, standard deviation of 6.99 and a range between 0 and 37. The percentages found on the maximum, mean and minimum scale for the global MOS index were 19% , 71.4% and 9.5% respectively, when differentiating by type of family, 100% of people who receive minimum instrumental support live alone, 100% who receive maximum instrumental support are single-parent family members. In the extended, single-parent and extended nuclear families, no minimum categories are found in the affective component.